Mahalo i hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻenehana, hiki iā ia ke pale aku i nā hopena i hoʻohuli ʻia ʻole i ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka hōʻailona a ka like o ka maʻi i ke keiki he like ia me nā hōʻike o nā patology i nā pākeke, akā ʻo ka haʻalulu he mau ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe. Pono e ʻike pono i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi i nā keiki he 15 mau makahiki.
ʻAʻole i kēlā manawa i kēia manawa lōʻihi, hiki i ka maʻi diabetes ke hoʻohuli i kahi luku nui o ke kino no ke keiki. Akā i kēia manawa, hāʻawi nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou i kahi manawa e pani ai i ka holomua o ka maʻi.
Kūkulu ʻia ke kauka, e pili ana i nā hōʻailona i loaʻa, kūkulu i kahi hoʻoponopono lāʻau pilikino a kuhikuhi i nā hana diagnostic.
Nā keiki a me ka maʻi diabetes
ʻO WHO e wehewehe i ka maʻi maʻi ma ke ʻano o ka hana endocrine i mea kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka glucose. Hiki i ka Hyperglycemia ke hana ma muli o nā hopena exogenous a me ka endogenous.
He pinepine ka Hyperglycemia ma muli o ka nele o ka insulin a i kekahi helu o nā mea e kū kūʻē i kāna hana.
Hōʻalo ʻia ka ʻatikala me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe o ka metabolic:
- ʻaʻano protein
- minuke
- kalapu
- momona.
I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ʻoi aku kēia i ka hōʻino i nā ʻōnaehana a me nā kino āpau, ʻoi loa ka ʻeha:
- ka naʻau
- pili koko
- maka
- mau pūluhi
- ʻūnā.
ʻO ka maʻi diabetes i ka maʻi diabetes kuhi 1, ka mea ma mua o ka makahiki 30, he maʻi ka i ʻike ʻia ma muli o ka predisposition me nā huaʻala o nā mea o waho.
ʻO ke kumu o ka maʻi diabetes type 1 ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa a hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha ma muli o ka make ʻana o nā beta beta ma lalo o ka mana o kekahi ʻano, no ka laʻana, ka nui o nā mea i hōʻawaʻawa i ka meaʻai a me ke kaumaha paha.
ʻO ka maʻi mellitus type type 2, ʻo ia ka mea, ʻoiai he kānāwai, no nā poʻe kahiko ka mea i loaʻa pinepine i nā maʻi ma mua o ka maʻi type 1. I kēia hihia, hana mua nā cell beta i ka insulin i kahi nui nui a maʻamau paha. Akā ua hōʻemi ʻia ka hana insulin ma muli o ka nui o ka adipose kiko me nā mea kūlike i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka naʻau o ka insulin.
Eia kekahi, ʻoi ke emi ʻana o ke kanu ʻana i ka insulin. ʻO nā kumu o ka maʻi diabetes 2
- predisposition genetic
- ʻopi momona
- maʻi maʻi ʻōnaehana endocrine
- ke ʻano o nā kumulā o nā pituitary, cortex adrenal a me nā kūloko thyroid.
I nā hihia i hala mua aku nei, hiki pū hoʻi ke ʻano type type diabetes mellitus me kahi hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi viral, e like me ka herpes virus, hepatitis a he maʻi pākuʻi. I kekahi manawa ua lilo i mea hoʻopiʻi:
- hypertension a me cholelithiasis,
- lōkohu
- ʻO nā papa maʻi pancreatic.
No ke aha i kū ai ka maʻi diabetes?
ʻElua mauʻano o ka maʻi maʻi. Hoʻohālikelike ka ʻano o ke ʻano maʻi maʻi mua e ka neʻe o nā cell pancreatic i mea e hoʻoulu i ka insulin. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, loaʻa i kēia ʻano maʻi o kēia maʻi.
ʻO kahi pilikia ma ke kūkulu ʻana o ka pancreas e alakaʻi i kāna hemahema a hoʻoilina. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia kūlana ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana ʻana o ka insulin i kekahi ʻano, a ke ʻano like ʻole a ʻaʻole paha.
ʻAʻole nā kānaka a pau me ka predisposition he nui hoʻohemo i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka maʻi, e like me ke lula ʻana, ua hoʻāla ʻia e nā maʻi e:
- rubella
- moa
- maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi
- maʻi uila
- pūpū.
Kēia mau ʻano maʻi i like me ka maalea. Hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mau ʻano o ka patological e alakaʻi i ka luku aniani i nā maʻi pancreatic e hana ai i ka insulin.
I ka wā e hoʻomaka ka maʻi, hoʻokaʻawale nā ʻenehana pancreatic i synt synthesis. ʻAʻole ke hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ka hiona no kēia kahua, no ka mea, e hoʻopiʻi ana nā mea ola i nā mea i hoʻonui ʻia.
Ke hoʻomau nei nā ʻōleʻa, a ma hope o kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole lawa ka insulin i ka wā e hoʻoulu i ke kō, ka mea i loaʻa i nā nui nui.
ʻO kēia kahi laʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, aia i loko o nā puke lapaʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pale hoʻoliʻi. Ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole, i ke kakahiaka, he maʻi maʻamau ka maʻi o ka mea maʻi, akā ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai me nā kalapika, he kiʻekiʻe ka manaʻo ʻana no ka wā lōʻihi.
Ua kapa ʻia ka loiloi ʻo ka pale o ke kō. Ma hope o ka make ʻana o 90% o nā nui, hiki i kekahi ke ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka maʻi mellitus maʻi maʻi me nā hōʻailona āpau.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻōla maikaʻi ʻia ka maʻi diabetes diabetes type 1. Pono ke kō kai e mālama ʻia e kekahi kanaka, e hiki mai i nā nui me nā meaʻai. E kahe ana ia i loko o ke koko, no ka mea ʻole o ka insulin ʻaʻole ia e hiki i loko o nā pūpū. Hiki ke kōkua ʻia kekahi kanaka ma o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka insulin.
Hōʻike ka type 2 non-insulin-type like me ka maikaʻi o ka insulin i ka pancreas e hua i ka nui o ka nui, akā ua hoʻololi a ʻano ʻole. Inā ʻaʻohe maʻa o ka lālani i ka maʻi o ka ʻano o ka maʻi 1, a laila ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano maʻi lā ʻo 2, akā hiki ʻole ke hoʻohana. Kāʻuhi ka lua o ke ʻano o ka maʻi i nā keiki.
Hāʻawi i nā mea like o ka maʻi diabetes 2:
- momona momona
- nele i ka hoʻoikaika kino - ka nele o ka hoʻōho,
- ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hormonal,
- hapai
- nā hopena endocrine.
Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi kamaliʻi
Ua kiʻekiʻe loa ka hōʻeha o nā hōʻailona i nā keiki me ka nele o ka insulin.
Hōʻike nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi i kekahi mau pule.
Pono ʻoe e nānā pono i kekahi mau hōʻailona e ʻike ai i ke kauka a hoʻomaka i ka maʻi lapaʻau.
- lethargy a nawaliwali
- makewai pinepine
- ikaika ikaika
- urination mau
- maʻi maʻi
- hanu acetone
- kaemi i ka olakino ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana,
- Kaumaha kaumaha.
I ka hihia o nā keiki maʻi, ʻaʻole kēia mau hōʻailona āpau i manaʻo ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike, inā ʻaʻohe hemahema o ka insulin, a laila ʻaʻole paha ka ʻona o ka acetone a i ʻole ka momona kaumaha. Eia nō naʻe, ke hōʻike nei ka hana no ka maʻi maʻamau a loaʻa i ke ʻano maʻi type 1 a ʻōlelo ʻia loa.
Hōʻike koke nā mākua i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes i nā keiki he 15 mau makahiki, ʻoiai he keiki i kēia makahiki hiki ke haʻi kikoʻī i ka kikoʻī e pili ana i ka hiolo ʻana o ko lākou olakino.
Hoʻomaka nā keiki e inu i nā wai hou aʻe, ʻoiai ke kiʻekiʻe o nā glucose i ke koko e hoʻomaka ka huki wai mai nā hua a me nā puka wai. Manaʻo ke keiki e inu i ka wai a i wai i nā ahiahi i ke ahiahi.
ʻO ka nui o ke kō ka honu i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ka hopena o nā mea make i ka ʻōpū, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻowali ʻana o ka urine. No laila, ʻike nui ʻia a me ka urination pinepine, i ka pō. No laila ke hoʻāʻo nei ke kino e hōʻalo i nā mea ʻona.
Hoʻonui ka nui o ka momona ma muli o ka pololi o nā pūleʻa, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe ea intake. Hoʻomaka kekahi keiki e ʻai i ka nui, akā ʻaʻole nā mea i komo i nā pūpū. ʻO ka pohō o ka paona kaumaha ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia me ka uptake glucose impaired, a me ka haʻihaʻi ʻana o nā huki i ka ulu ʻana o ka ikehu Kuhi ʻia kahi hōʻailona maʻamau o ka maʻi kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi e like me ka makemake ikaika o ka hui pū me ke kaumaha koʻikoʻi.
Hoʻopili pū kēia hōʻailona me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka glucose ma hope o ka papaʻaina i loaʻa nā powa. ʻO ke kō koko koko nui iā ia iho ke kumu no ka hoʻomoe ʻana o ke olakino maʻamau. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, e hoʻihoʻi ka hānai i ke kino i ke kō, a lilo hou ke keiki i mua o ka papaʻai e hiki mai ana.
Ke nānā ʻia nei ka pohō kaumaha o ke keiki ʻaʻole wale me ka nele ʻole o ka insulin. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole hiki i ka glucose ke komo i loko o nā pūpū a hāʻawi iā lākou i ka ikehu. A ʻo ke kumu, ma ke ʻano he koho hoʻopiʻi o ka ikaika, hoʻomaka ka momona i ke hoʻopau a loaʻa ka momona. ʻAʻole like kēia ʻike i ka diabetes type 2 a me kekahi mau ʻano o ka MODY.
Ua wehewehe ʻia ka lethargy a me ka nāwaliwali o kahi ʻōpiopio e nā ʻōʻino ʻelua i ka hānai o ka glucose a me nā hopena o nā kino o nā ketone. ʻO ka ʻala o ka acetone mai ka waha waha he hōʻailona paʻa o ka ketoacidosis. Hoʻopaʻa ke kino i nā mea ʻala ma o nā keiki, a me ke anuanu, e hōʻuanu i ka nui.
Mana ʻia ke ʻano o ka acetone i ka maʻi diabetes no ka mea ka wā i ka wā i wāwahi ʻia ka momona i ke kino o ke kino, a hana i nā kino ketone me ka acetone. Ke hoʻāʻo nei ke kino i nā ʻano āpau e wehe i kēia ʻano ʻona, me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana ma o nā ʻōpū. ʻAʻole like kēlā ʻano hōʻailona me ka maʻi diabetes type 2, a me kekahi o nā ʻano MODY.
ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi mau keiki ke hoʻōla mai ka maʻi maʻi mai ka lōʻihi. Hoʻopau ʻia ka maʻi mai kekahi mea i kekahi, ʻaʻole ke hoʻōla ʻia ke keiki. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i ka maʻi maʻi bacterial, no ka laʻana, ka furunculosis a i ʻole nā maʻi kuluma - kandidiasis.
Inā hoʻolohe ʻole ʻoe i ka popo, i ka manawa, hiki i nā keiki ke lethargic, lethargic a me nā passive. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka momona ikaika ma ka kaila, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka meaʻai, ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū a me ka luaʻi.
Kuhi kēia mau ʻōuli i kahi ʻano paʻakikī o ka ketoacidosis, a me kahi hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka precomatosis. I kēia hihia, pono ʻoe e kāhea koke i ka hui ambulance a lawe aku i ke keiki i kahi keʻena olakino.
Inā ʻaʻole hana ʻole kēia, e nalo nā lōloʻi, hoʻomaka kahi coma, mai kahi āu e hiki ʻole ai e puka i waho.
ʻIke ʻia he maʻi maʻi
ʻO ke ala maʻalahi e hoʻoholo ai i kahi maʻi a i ʻole ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi glucose e ʻike i ke kō koko koko. ʻO ka pae maʻamau o ka ʻaila wikiwiki ma ke kanaka olakino e hoʻoholo ʻia e kēlā mau hōʻailona: 3.5-5.5 mmol / l.
Inā ma ke ʻano o ka ʻike kakahiaka kakahiaka i ka ʻimi i ka manawa - ka glucose i loko o ka urine, aceturia, nā kino acetone i loko o ka urine, ketonuria - nā kino ketone i ka urine, a he nui ke kō o ke kō i loko o ka ʻai, he mea nui ke kūkā i ke kauka i ka manawa a hana i kahi ʻano loiloi kūikawā, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi hōʻike hoʻoliʻi a glucose.
ʻO ka laʻana o ka hoʻololi ka glucose he hōʻike no ka pihi o ke kō. Ma mua o ke kaomi ʻana, pono ke ʻai a ʻai ke keiki i nā meaʻai no nā lā ʻekolu me ka palena ʻole o nā pakanā. Ke hōʻike ʻia nei ka hōʻike ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole i ke kakahiaka.
Pono ke keiki e inu i ka malona glucose, nā kikoʻawa o ke ʻano e ke kauka. Hana ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua gula ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole 60 a 120 mau minuke ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka glucose.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ma hope o hoʻokahi hola, ʻaʻole e piʻi ka neʻe o ka glucose i ke koko ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 8.8 mmol / L, a ma hope o ʻelua mau hola ʻaʻole pono e oi aku ma mua o 7.8 mmol / L a hoʻi hou i ka maʻamau i ka ʻōpū ʻole.
Inā ʻaʻole ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke kō o ke koko venous a i ʻole ke koko āpau ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 15 mmol / l (a i ʻole mau manawa ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole ma mua o ka pae o 7.8 mmol / l), a laila ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale glucose.
Loaʻa i nā keiki me ka pohō ka mōʻaukala o ke ʻano type type 2 a me kekahi mau hōʻailona o ke kū ʻana o ka insulin. I kēia mau hihia, pono e hoʻāʻo iā ʻoe no ka hoʻoli koko koko mai nā makahiki he 10, i kēlā me kēia 2 mau makahiki.
A koi ʻia ke kūkākūkā ʻana
- orthopedist
- ʻekepekema
- endocrinologist
- ophthalmologist
- nephrologist.
Hiki ke hana i nā ʻano loiloi kūikawā:
- ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka pae o ka hemoglobin glycated i loko o ke koko,
- ka ʻike i ka nui o ka C-peptide, proinsulin, glucagon,
- Kaona uila o nā kino kūloko,
- loiloi kālā
- ka hopena o ka pae o ka microalbuminuria.
Inā hōʻaiho ka ʻohana i nā hihia o ka maʻi maʻamau, ʻoi aku hoʻi i waena o nā mākua.
Nui nā ʻano hoʻohālikelike o ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO nā pahuhopu koʻikoʻi no ka maʻi:
- ka emi ʻana o ka paʻakikī o nā hōʻailona,
- hoʻokomo metabolic
- ka pale ʻana o nā hoʻopiʻi
- ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maikaʻi o ke ola no nā maʻi.
ʻO nā mea nui o ka mālama ʻana:
- kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa i ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke koko,
- hana kino kino,
- lāʻauʻaiʻai no ka maʻi diabetes.
Aia nā kula kūikawā no ka ʻike maʻi i nā wahi a puni ka honua. Hiki i nā mākua me nā keiki ke aʻo pehea e ana ai i ke kōpaʻa ma laila e hoʻohana ana i kahi glucometer, hoʻolohe i nā kūkākūkā e pili ana i ko lākou maʻi a ʻike i kona mau kumu.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke aʻo hou e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka maʻi lolo ma ka nānā ʻana i ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.
