ʻO nā kahakai o Langerhans e waiho ana i ka pancreas he hōʻuluʻulu o nā pūpau endocrine e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i nā hormones. Ma waena o ka kenekulia XIX, ua ʻike ke kanaka ʻepekema ʻo Paul Langerhansk i nā hui āpau o kēia mau sela, no laila ua kapa ʻia nā mea kolo ma hope ona.
I ke lā, ua hua nā mokupuni i ka 2 mg o ka insulin.
Hāpai nui nā ʻōiwi i nā ʻenehana caudal. ʻO kā lākou mānoʻi he 2% o ka nui o ka paona o ka nui. ʻO ka huina o ka nui o nā islets i ka pālanahona, he aneane 1,000,000.
ʻO kekahi mea kupaianaha he keiki i loko o nā pēpē, ʻo ka nui o nā islets e noho ana i ka 6% o ke kaumaha o ka pancreas.
I nā makahiki, ua emi ka hapa o nā kino hana i ka hana endocrine o ka pancreas. Ma ke 50 makahiki o ke ola kanaka, ua noho wale nō 1-2% o nā mokupuni
He aha nā cell i he clusters i hana ʻia?
ʻO nā mokika Langerhans he mau cell me nā ʻokoʻa like a me nā morphology.
ʻO ka pancreas endocrine i:
- Nā huahelu alpha hoʻokūkū. ʻO ka hormone he lāʻau antagonist a hoʻonui i nā pae i ke kō. Noho nā ʻona alpha 20% o ke kaupaona o nā koena e waiho ana;
- ʻO nā cell beta he kuleana no ka synthesis o ameline a me insulin, noho lākou iā 80% o ke kaumaha o ka mokupuni;
- ʻO ka hana o somatostatin, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka mea huna o nā kino ʻē aʻe, i hāʻawi ʻia e nā cell delta. ʻO kā lākou nui ma 3 a 10%;
- Pono nā puna o ka PP no ka hana ʻana o ka polypeptide pancreatic. Hoʻonui ka hormone i ka hana huna o ka ʻōpū a hoʻopaʻa i ka mea huna o ka parenchyma;
- ʻO ka ghrelin, ke kuleana no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pōloli i ka poʻe, e haku ʻia e nā pūlapa epsilon.
Pehea e hoʻonohonoho ʻia ai nā mokupuni a me lākou mau ia
ʻO ka hana nui e hana ai nā islets of Langerhans e mālama nei i ka pae kūpono o nā pelekikena i ke kino a ke kāohi ʻana i nā ʻāpana endocrine ʻē aʻe. Pahu ʻia nā mokupuni e nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻōpū a me nā wai palau.
ʻO ka pākuhi pancreatic o Langerhans he ʻano paʻakikī. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea he haʻawina hana piha holoʻokoʻa ʻoi loa. Hāʻawi ke ʻano o ka mokupuni i kahi hoʻololi ma waena o nā mea ola biologically o ka parenchyma a me nā kelepa ʻē aʻe. He kūpono kēia no ka ʻōlelo huna o ka insulin.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā sela o nā mokupuni, ʻo ia hoʻi ma ke ʻano o kahi moʻo. ʻO ka islet kahiko ma ka pancreas ka hui kūpono. Pahu ka mokupuni i nā lobulika e hoʻopuni ana i ka kiko o nā iʻa, nā kapileka o ke koko i loko o nā hale.
Aia nā cell Beta i waenakonu o nā lobules, aʻo nā alpha a me nā delta cells i loko o ka māhele peripheral. No laila, hilinaʻi ka hoʻolālā o nā mokupuni o Langerhans i ko lākou nui.
No ke aha i hoʻohālikelike ai nā antibodies ma nā mokuahi? He aha kā lākou endocrine hana? Huli ka puka ʻana o ka hoʻopili kikowaena o nā mokupuni i hoʻomohala hou, a laila pili kēia mau sel i nā mea ʻē aʻe e kokoke ana.
- Hoʻokomo ʻia ka insulin i ka hana o nā pū me nā beta a pale i nā nui alpha.
- Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pūpū Alpha i ka glucagon, a hana lākou i nā pūnaewele delta.
- Ua pale aku kahi Somatostatin i ka hana o nā pūkela alpha a me nā beta.
Nui! I ka hanana ʻole o nā mīkini hana, ua kūʻai ʻia nā kino kūʻē e kūʻē i nā cell beta. Ua luku ʻia nā cell a alakaʻi i kahi maʻi weliweli i kapa ʻia ʻo ka maʻi mellitus.
ʻO kahi mea hoʻohālikelike a no ke aha e pono ai
ʻO kahi kūpono e hoʻoneʻe i kahi parenchyma o ka kīʻaha ʻo ia ka hoʻololi ʻana o kahi mea hana islet. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o kahi mea pena. Hāʻawi ka Transplantation i nā maʻi hakahaka e hoʻihoʻi i ke ʻano o nā cell beta a me nā maʻi pancreas ʻaʻole pono i piha.
Ma ke kumu o nā noiʻi maʻi maʻi, ua hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes mellitus type 1, nāna i hāʻawi i nā ʻenika islet, ua hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o nā pae o nā kalepona. No ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻole ʻana o ka kiko donor, ua hoʻomau ʻia nā mea maʻi i ka maʻi immunosuppressive ikaika.
E hoʻihoʻi hou i nā islets, aia kekahi mea ʻē aʻe - nā sela cells. ʻAʻole i palena ʻole nā kumu mālama a nā mea hāʻawi kālā, he mea kūpono loa nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
He mea koʻikoʻi loa ia no ke kino e hoʻihoʻi i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻōnaehana pale, inā ʻole e hōʻole ʻia a e luku ʻia paha nā mea hou hou aku i hope o kekahi manawa.
Ke ulu nei ka lāʻau hoʻoponopono regenerative i kēia manawa, hāʻawi iā ia i nā ʻenehana hou i nā wahi a pau. Ke hoʻohiki mua nei ʻo Xenotransplantation - kahi kanaka i hoʻohuli ʻia i kahi pancreas puaʻa.
Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻihoʻi puaʻa puaʻa e mālama i ka maʻi diabetes ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka insulin. Ka mea i hoʻololi ʻia i nā huaʻai a me nā puaʻa i hoʻokahi wale nō ka waikawa amino.
No ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes ma muli o ka hōʻino o nā mokupuni o Langerhans, kā lākou loiloi i nā pōmaikaʻi maikaʻi loa no ka mālama pono ʻana o nā maʻi.
