Insulin-hilinaʻikala mellitus: he aha ia?

ʻO ka account mellitus e pili ana i ka insulin he 10% wale nō o ka ulu ʻana e pili i ka piʻi o ka glucose koko.

Eia nō naʻe, ke māhuahua nei ka nui o nā maʻi maʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a ʻo Russia hoʻi kahi o nā ʻāina alakaʻi ʻelima i ka helu o ka poʻe maʻi e maʻi nei i kēia maʻi.

ʻO ia ka palapala maikaʻi loa o ka maʻi maʻi a maʻi pinepine ʻia i nā wā ʻōpio.

He aha nā mea e pono ai e ʻike i kēlā me kēia kanaka e pili ana i ka ʻano hana i ka insulin i ka pale ʻana i mea e pale ai, ka hoʻokau ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi i ka manawa. E hāʻawi kēia ʻatikala i kahi pane i kēia.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka maʻi maʻi

ʻO kahi maʻi Dielles mellitus (DM) kahi maʻi no ka autoimmune origin, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e kahi paʻa a i ʻole ka pau ʻana o ka hana ʻana o ke kōmao hoʻohiolo i ke kō i kapa ʻia ʻo "insulin". ʻO ke kaʻina hana a nā ʻano pathogenic e alakaʻi i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā glucose i ke koko, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka "ikehu ikehu" no nā hana hoʻoliʻi a me nā ʻoihana. I ka huli ʻana, ua nele nā ​​io a me nā pūleo i ka ikaika pono a hoʻomaka e wāwahi i nā momona a me nā protein.

ʻO ka insulin ka lāʻau wale nō i loko o ko mākou kino e hiki ai ke hoʻoponopono i ke kō koko koko. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia e nā pū beta, aia ma nā wao o Langerhans o nā pancreas. Eia naʻe, i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka he nui ka nui o nā hormones e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka glucose. ʻO kēia, no kahi laʻana, adrenaline a me norepinephrine, "kauoha" hormone, glucocorticoids a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Hoʻopilikia ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes i nā kumu he nui, e kūkākūkā ma lalo nei. Ua manaʻo ʻia he mana koʻikoʻi o ka nohona o kēia manawa i kēia ala, no ka mea ʻoi loa ka poʻe o kēia mau lā i makemake nui i ke ʻano haʻuki.

ʻO nā ʻano maʻi maʻamau ka:

• ʻano momo 'diabetes diabetes 1 mellitus (IDDM);
• momo diabetes diabetes mellitus (NIDDM);
• maʻi maʻi maʻi gestational.

ʻO ka type 1 ka maʻi diabetes i ka mellitus e pili ana i ka diabetes mellitus (IDDM) kahi ala i kahi e pau ʻole ai ka hana o ka insulin. He nui nā poʻe ʻepekema a me nā kauka ke manaʻo he kumu nui ke ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻano type 1 IDDM. Pono kēia maʻi e kiaʻi mau loa a me ka hoʻomanawanui, no ka mea i kēia lā ʻaʻohe lā lapaʻau e hiki ke ho'ōla pono i ka mea maʻi. ʻO ka inikini insulin ka mea hoʻohui i ka mālamaʻana i ka mellitus e pili ana i ka insulin.

ʻO ka type 2 non-insulin-dependence mellitus (NIDDM) i hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻike hemahema o nā ʻenemi huina e kahi wailele o ka hilo. ʻAʻole i like me ke ʻano mua, hoʻomau ka pancreas i ka insulin, akā hoʻomaka ka cellers i ka pane pololei ʻole. ʻO kēia ʻano maʻi, ma ke ʻano kānāwai, pili i nā poʻe ma luna o 40-45 mau makahiki keu. ʻO ke ʻano mua, ke hoʻolaʻa ʻana i nā meaʻai a me nā hana kino e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hana ʻana i ka insulin.

Hoʻokumu ka maʻi maʻi gestational i ka wā hāpai. I ke kino o ka mea hoʻomoe, hele mai nā loli o ka hormonal, ma muli o ke ʻano he nui o nā hōʻailona glucose e hoʻonui.

Me ke ala kūpono loa i ka maʻi, pau ka maʻi ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.

ʻO nā kumu o ka maʻi maʻi

ʻOiai ka nui o ka noiʻi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kauka a me nā ʻepekema ke hāʻawi i kahi pane kūpono i ka nīnau e pili ana i ke kumu o ka maʻi maʻi.

ʻO ka mea e hōʻike mua i ka ʻōnaehana pale e hana ai i ke kino ponoʻī he mea huna.

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole lapuwale nā ​​haʻawina a me nā hoʻokolohua.

Me ke kōkua o nā noiʻi a me nā hoʻokolohua, hiki i ke koho ʻana i nā kumu koʻikoʻi e piʻi ai ka maʻi o ka insulin-dependence a me ka non-insulin-mertitus ke hoʻonui nei. E pili ana kēia:

1. ʻO ka hemahema o kahi hormonal i ka wā'ōpiopio e pili ana i ka hana a ka ulu ʻana o ka hormone ulu.
2. ʻO ke kāne o kēlā kanaka. Ua hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻepekema ʻo ʻelua hapa manawa kūpono o ke kanaka ke loaʻa ka lua o ka maʻi maʻi.
3. ʻOi momona. Hōʻemi ka nui o nā paona i ka pale ʻana ma nā paia o nā vascular o ka kolamu a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kaomi koko koko.
4. Nā genetics Inā pili ka insulin e hilinaʻi ʻole a non-insulin-diabetes mellitus paha i loko o ka makuahine a me ka makuakāne, a laila i loko o ke keiki e ʻike pū nō ia i ka 60-70% o nā hihia. Hōʻike nā hōʻike i nā māhoe i ka manawa like me kēia palaka me ka hiki ʻana o 58-65%, a me nā māhoe - 16-30%.
5. Hoʻopilikia ka ʻili kino o ke kanaka i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ka maʻi diabetes he 30% keu i ka lāhui Negroid.
6. Hōʻalolo ka hana o ka pancreas a me nā ate (cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, etc.).
7. I ke ola kūlohelohe, nā hana ʻino a me nā meaʻai ʻole.
8. ʻO ka hāpai ʻana, ma ka mea kahi e kū ai ka maʻi hormonal.
9. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau me nā glucocorticoids, atypical antipsychotics, beta-blockers, thiazides a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka mea i luna, hiki i ke ʻimi ʻia kahi hopena e pili ana i kekahi o ka poʻe i maʻalahi i ka hoʻomohala ʻia o ka maʻi mellitus. Aia i ka:

• nā luna momona;
• nā kānaka me kahi predisposition genetic;
• nā mea maʻi e loaʻa ana i ka maʻi acromegaly a me kahi maʻi Hisenko-Cush;
• nā mea maʻi me ka atherosclerosis, hypertension a angina pectoris;
• nā kānaka me nā cataract;
• nā kānaka i makemake i nā maʻi pālolo (eczema, neurodermatitis);
• nā mea maʻi e lawe ana i nā glucocorticoids;
• nā kānaka i loaʻa i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, nā maʻi maʻi maʻi a me ka hahau;
• nā wahine me nā maʻi hānau;

Hoʻokomo pū ka pūʻulu pilikia i nā wahine i hānau i kahi keiki ke kaupaʻa ʻia ma mua o 4 kg.

Pehea e hoʻomaopopo ai iā hyperglycemia?

ʻO ka wikiwiki wikiwiki o ka neʻe ʻana o ka glucose ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka "maʻi maikaʻi". ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hapanui o ka insulinulin i ka manawa lōʻihi, me ka hoʻopau malū i nā paia vascular a me nā hoʻopau o nā nerve kokoke i nā kolo o ke kino o ke kanaka.

Eia nō naʻe, me ka hānai ʻana i ka diabetes mellitus he nui nā hōʻailona. Hiki i ke kanaka e nānā mai i kona olakino ke hoʻomaopopo i nā hōʻailona o ke kino e hōʻike ana i ka hyperglycemia.

No laila, heaha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi mellitus a ke ʻano o ka insulin? I waena o nā manamana ʻelua emit polyuria (wikiwiki ka urination), a me ka makewai mau ʻole. Ua pili pū lākou me ka hana o nā keiki, ka mea e kānana ai i ko mākou koko, e ʻoki ana i ke kino o nā mea ʻino. ʻO ka nui o ka kōpaʻa he mea huʻipiʻi, no laila ua kāpae ʻia i ka urine. ʻO ka uku nui e kau ana ma luna o nā pūpū e hana ai i ka huina o ka huehue e huki i ka nalo o ka nalo mai ka ʻōpū o ka iwi, ma muli o ia mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes.

ʻO ka hilahila pinepine, ka migraine, luhi a me ka hiamoe maikaʻi ʻole kekahi o nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o nā ʻano e like me kēia maʻi. E like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia, me ka nele o ka glucose, hoʻomaka nā cell i hōʻolo i nā momona a me nā protein e loaʻa ai ka mālama pono o ka ikehu. Ma muli o ka pala, hū ʻia nā mea ola e kāhea ʻia nā kino ketone. ʻO ka pololi cellular, i ka hoʻopili ʻia o nā hopena o nā ketones, e pili i ka hana o ka lolo. No laila, ʻaʻole e hiamoe maikaʻi ka mea maʻi maʻi maʻi i ka pō, ʻaʻole lawa ka hiamoe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokūkū, no ka mea e hoʻopiʻi ai ʻo ia ʻeha a me ka ʻeha.

Ua ʻike ʻia no ka maʻi maʻamau (form 1 a me 2) e hoʻopilikia i ka nerb a me nā paia vascular. A ke kumu, ua luku ʻia nā ʻili o ke aʻa a lilo nā paia vascular. Hoʻopilikia kēia i nā hopena he nui. Hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hoʻopiʻi i ka hoʻomohū ʻana i ka ʻike me ka ʻike, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka maʻi o ka poni o ka maka, i uhi ʻia i nā pūnaewele vascular. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻāʻī a nānā paha i nā wāwae a me nā lima kahi hōʻailona no ka maʻi maʻi.

I waena o nā hōʻailona o ka "maʻi ʻala", pono e mālama pono i ka pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana hānau, nā kāne a me nā wahine. I ka hapalua ikaika, hoʻomaka nā pilikia me ka hana erectile, a ma ka nāwaliwali, hoʻopilikia ʻia ka nohona.

ʻO ka maʻamau ka mea maʻamau e like me ka hoʻōla lōʻihi, hōʻeha ka pakanikau, hoʻonui i ke koko, ka pōloli ʻole, a me ka pohō.

ʻO ka hopena o ka holomua o ka maʻi diabetes

ʻO ka kānalua ʻole, ka hilinaʻi a me ka diabetes-like-non-insulin, ka holomua, e hoʻopau ʻana i ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻōnaehana o nā kino o ke kino o ke kanaka. Hiki ke hōʻalo ʻia kēia hopena me ka maʻi ākea a me ka mālama kākoʻo ponoʻi.

ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi weliweli loa o ka diabetes mellitus o kahi insulin-kūʻokoʻa a me ka puka-hilinaʻi nui o ka insulin i kahi coma maʻi maʻi. Hōʻike ʻia ke kūlana me nā hōʻailona e like me ka dizziness, bouts of vomiting and nausea, blurred naʻauʻole, nāwaliwali. I kēia hihia, pono ka hoʻokipa i ka hoʻokipa ma kahi resuscitation.

ʻO ka insulin-dependence a i ole non-insulin-diabetes mellitus ka hopena me ka hoʻopiʻi nui ʻana he hopena no ke ʻano mālama i kāu olakino. ʻO kahi hōʻike o nā ala e hiki ai ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka uahi ʻole, ka inu wai, ka nohona hoʻokaʻawale, nā meaʻai maikaʻi, ke ʻano hema ʻole a me nā hana ʻole. He aha nā hopena hoʻopiʻi no ka holomua o ka maʻi?

ʻO nā mea nui o ka maʻi maʻi me ka:

1. ʻO ka maʻi retinopathy Diabetic kahi kūlana kahi e hoʻopilikia ai ka retinal. I ka hopena, ke emi nei ka acuity ʻike, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kanaka ke ʻike i kahi kiʻi piha i mua o ia iho ma muli o ke ʻano o nā ʻano pōʻeleʻele a me nā hemahema ʻē aʻe.
2. ʻO ka maʻi Periodontal kahi ala i hoʻopili ʻia me ka maʻi mākia ma muli o ka hopena o ka hoʻoliʻoli a me ke kahe koko.
3. ʻO ka wāwae Diabetic - kahi hui o nā maʻi e uhi ana i nā ʻano pahuhopu o nā ʻoi aʻe i lalo. No ka mea, ʻo nā wāwae ka wahi mamao loa o ke kino i ka wā o ke kahe o ke koko, type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependant) e ʻeha ana i nā ʻeha trophic. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, me ka pane ʻole kūpono, hoʻomohala ʻia ka gangrene. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wale nō kahi ʻāpana o ka umauma haʻahaʻa.
4. ʻO Polyneuropathy kahi maʻi ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana o nā lima a me nā wāwae. ʻO ka insulin-hilinaʻi-a me ka non-insulin-diabetes mellitus e pili ana i ka hoʻopiʻi neurological e hāʻawi ana i ka nui o ka pilikia i ka poʻe maʻi.
5. Hōʻuluʻi ʻo Erectile, e hoʻomaka ana i nā kāne he 15 mau makahiki ma mua o kā lākou mau hoa e ʻike ʻole i ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka hiki aku o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hemahema he 20-85%, ʻoiai, aia kahi kiʻekiʻe o ke keiki ʻole o ka walaʻau keiki ma waena o nā mea maʻi.

Hoʻopili ia, i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi, ka emi ʻana o nā pale o ke kino a me ka hopena pinepine o ke anuanu ua ʻike ʻia.

Huʻi o ka maʻi maʻi

Ke ʻike nei he nui nā hoʻopiʻi i kēia maʻi, ʻimi nā mea maʻi i ke kōkua mai kā lākou kauka. Ma hope o ka hoʻokolohua ʻana i ka mea maʻi, ka endocrinologist, me ka haʻaleleʻana i kahi insulin-kūʻokoʻa a kūlike paha i ka ʻano o ka pathology insulin, e kuhikuhi iā ia e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua.

I kēia manawa, nui nā ʻano kumu no ka maʻi maʻi i ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka maʻalahi a me ka wikiwiki hoʻi kahi hōʻike koko mai kahi manamana lima. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pa i kahi ʻōpū ʻole i ke kakahiaka. ʻO ka lā ma mua o ke kālai ʻia, ʻaʻole kaukaʻi nā kauka i ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻono he nui, akā ʻo ka hōʻole ʻana iā ʻoe iho ka ʻai, ʻaʻole pono. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau o ka hoʻoliʻi ʻana o ke kō i nā kānaka olakino he laulā mai 3.9 a 5.5 mmol / L.

ʻO kekahi ala ʻē aʻe he hōʻike hoʻoliʻi glucose. Hoʻopili ʻia kēlā ʻano hōʻike no ʻelua mau hola. ʻAʻohe mea e ʻai ma mua o ka ʻimi noiʻi. ʻO ka mea mua, ke huki ʻia ke koko mai kahi vein, a laila hāʻawi ʻia ka mea maʻi e inu i ka wai i hoʻohemo ʻia me ke kōpaʻa ma kahi pākē o 3: 1. A laila, hoʻomaka ka limahana olakino e lawe i ke koko venous i kēlā me kēia hapalua hola. ʻO ka hopena i loaʻa ma luna o 11.1 mmol / l e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi insulin-hilinaʻi a i ʻole a i ʻole like-insulin e pili ana i ka maʻi mellitus.

I nā hihia lohi, hana ʻia kahi hōʻike hemoglobin glycated. ʻO ka mea nui o kēia noiʻi ʻana ke ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō kōʻai koko no ʻelua a ʻekolu mau malama. A laila hōʻike ʻia nā hualoaʻa averaged. Ma muli o kona lōʻihi lōʻihi, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka ʻike nui o ka loiloi, akā naʻe, e hāʻawi ana i kahi kiʻi kūpono i nā poʻe loea.

ʻO kekahi manawa i hōʻike ʻia kahi hōʻike ʻana i ka wai paʻiki no ke kō. ʻAʻole loaʻa kahi kanaka olakino i ka glucose i ka urine, no laila, ʻo kona hele ʻana e hōʻike i ka maʻi mellitus o kahi mea hana ole kūlike a i ʻole insulin-dependence.

Wahi a nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua, e hoʻoholo ke kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO nā mea koʻikoʻi o ka mālama maʻi

Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia a ʻoi paha i ka maʻi maʻamau ʻo 2 ke hilinaʻi i ka insulin. ʻO kēia kūlana ke kumu o ka lōʻihi lōʻihi a kūpono ʻole. No ka hōʻalo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka diabetes mellitus 2-mellitus, pono e mālama pono nā lula pono.

He aha nā māhele o ka ʻoihana i ke kī nui e mālama pono ai i ka glycemia a me ka maʻi maʻi? ʻO kēia ke meaʻaiʻaiʻai no ka maʻi diabetes, hana pilikino, ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka nānā pinepine ʻana i nā pae o ke kō. Pono ʻoe e haʻi hou aʻe e pili ana i kēlā me kēia.

No ka mālama i nā pae glucose maʻamau, pono ka maʻi maʻi maʻa i kahi meaʻai kūikawā. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ia i ka kau ʻana o nā kalapopona maʻalahi (ʻūlū, nā hua momona), a me nā meaʻai momona a me nā iʻa. Hiki ke maʻalahi ke hoʻomehana ʻia nā mea e pili ana i ka insulin a me ka inikua, me ka ʻai ʻana i nā lau ʻai, nā huaʻai ʻole a me nā huaʻai.

E like me ka ʻōlelo, ua neʻe ka ola. ʻO ka hana pilikino ka ʻenemi o ka momona nui a me ka maʻi diabetes. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka poʻe maʻi e hana i ka yoga, Pilates, ʻaeʻauʻau, ʻeleʻele, ka hele ʻana a me nā hana ʻano ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka pono inā loaʻa ka mea maʻi i ka diabetes mellitus-hilinaʻi i ka maʻi maʻamau. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka insulin. Me ka emi ʻole o ka pae glucose, ke kauka nei nā kauka i nā lāʻau hypoglycemic. ʻO ko lākou he mea kūpono loa i ka mea maʻi, ua hoʻoholo ke kauka. E like me ke kānāwai, lawe ka mea maʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka metformin, saxagliptin a me kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā mea maʻi e loaʻa ana i ka maʻi type 1 ka mea e ana i ke kōpaʻa i kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope o ka hoʻonā ʻana ʻana i ka insulin, a ʻo nā maʻi maʻi o ka lua o ke ʻano he nui e kuhi ʻia ma kahi o ʻekolu mau manawa i ka lā.

Pēlā nō e kōkua pū ana nā mea hoʻoponopono pilikino i ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi. Ua ʻike mua nā kūpuna iā mākou i ka hopena o ke kōkōkōkō o ka decoction e pili ana i ka bean pods, nā lau o ka lingonberry, blackberry a me ka juniper. Akā ʻaʻole e kōkua iki kekahi mea maʻi ʻē aʻe, e hoʻohana ʻia me ka hui ʻana me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻAʻole kahi ʻōlelo maʻi maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka mea nui ka hoʻomanaʻo. Ke ʻike nei i nā hōʻailona he ʻano ʻano o ka maʻi, hiki i ke kanaka ke kānalua i nā loli i kona kino i ka manawa a hele mai i ke kauka no ka hoʻokolokolo. I kēia hopena, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau he nui a hoʻopaʻa i ke ola holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā loina o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi diabetes-dependence e kūkākūkā e nā poʻe loea i kahi wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.