ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ka lāʻau Metformin e pili ana i ka ʻike i loko o nā kuhikuhi kumu mua no ka hoʻohana.
Inoa Kūʻai ʻole honua
Metformin.
ATX
Hōʻike i ka hui i ka pharmacological: nā waha o hypoglycemic waha.
Waʻina (ATC): A10BA02 (Metformin).
E hoʻokuʻu i nā palapala a me ka ʻano
Mea waiwai waiwai: metformin hydrochloride.
Ke keʻokeʻo nā papa papaʻa, ʻulehini, me ka loaʻa o ka mahele waena, i ulana ʻia i ka film, loaʻa i ka stearate, starch, talc a me 500 a i ʻole 850 mg o ka hana ikaika e like me nā mea hoʻohui.
Ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau
Hōʻike ka lāʻau hyproplycemic i ka biguanides - nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka maʻi maʻi. Hoʻemi lākou i ka nui o ka insulin i hoʻopaʻa ʻia (me nā protein koko), i hāpai ʻia i ka maʻi diabetes. I loko o ke koko, e hoʻonui ka nui o ka insulin i ka proinsulin, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka insensitivity i ka insulin. Ma lalo o ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻohe piʻi o ka hana o ka insulin a i ʻole ka hopena i ka pancreas.
Hōʻike ka lāʻau hyproplycemic i ka biguanides - nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka maʻi maʻi.
Ma lalo o ka hopena o ka lāʻau, hōʻemi ka nui o ka glucose i loko o ke kaila koko me ka manaʻo ʻole e ʻai.
Hāʻawi ʻia ka hopena therapeutic o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e:
- hōʻemi i ka hana o ka glucose e ka pepi ma muli o ka pale ʻana o ke kaʻina o ka metabolic o ka hoʻomalokaʻana o ka glucose mai ka pūlea ole o ka huehue a me ka haʻihaʻi ʻana i ka glycogen i ka glucose;
- ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pane o ka io o ka ʻiʻo i ka insulin a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka glucose i loko;
- pale ʻana i ka hoʻopili o loko o ka ʻōpū o ka glucose.
Hoʻonui ka lāʻau i ka metabolism momona, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka kolamu ma ka hoʻokaʻa ʻana i nā momona koko. Hoʻonui i nā hana fibrinolytic koko a hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka hemostasis. Ke hāpai nei i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka glycogen i loko o ke kōpae ma ka hana ma ke ʻano o ka enzyme glycogen synthetase. Hoʻonui i ka hiki ke halihali i ka glucose i nā ʻano ʻāpana like ʻole.
I ka wā o ka papa lapaʻau me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki i ke kaumaha o ka mea maʻi.
Lapaʻau lāʻau
Hoʻomaʻa ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e 50-60%, hōʻea i ke kiʻekiʻe loa ʻo nā hola 2.5 ma hope o ka hoʻokele ʻana. Hoʻololi ʻia ka launa pū me nā protein koko. Hoʻolālā ʻo ka paʻa paʻa o nā mea ikaika i ke koko (<1 μg / ml) mau hola 24-48 ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka ʻōlelo paipai. ʻO ka kau palena kiʻekiʻe loa o ka hana ikaika me ka pau loa loa heʻoi aʻe ma mua o 5 μg / ml. Mahalo iki paha ka pipi ʻana i ka wā e ʻai ai.
Hoʻonui ka lāʻau Metformin i ka momona o ka momona o ka momona, e hoʻemi i ka kolene o ka cholesterol ma o ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā momona koko.
ʻAʻole metabolized ka mea ikaika, excreted i kāna ʻano kumu me ka urine. ʻO ka pau ʻana o ka hapa-ola he 6-7 mau hola. ʻO ka helu o ka excretion o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma o nā keiki he e pili ana i ka 400 ml / min. Hoʻoikaika ka hana ʻōpiopio i ka lohi i ka excretion o ka mea hana (ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka clearance creatinine), ka mea e alakaʻi ai i ka hapalua o ke ola a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻoliʻi plasma o ka mea hana.
Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana
Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau no ka diabetes mellitus type 2, i ka manawa a me ka hana kino ʻole i loaʻa i ka hopena maikaʻi i makemake ʻia i nā mea maʻi me ka kaumaha nui. Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā pākeke a me nā keiki ma mua o 10 mau makahiki o ka monotherapy a i ʻole mahele o ke ʻano paʻakikī o ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka hyperglycemia.
ʻO ia ka lāʻau no ke koho ʻana no nā maʻi pākeke me ka maʻi diabetes mellitus type 2, i hoʻolako ʻia ka maikaʻi ʻana o ka ʻai.
Nā Hoʻohui
- allergy i ka mea ikaika a i ole kekahi mea kōkua;
- nā kūlana e hoʻonui ai i ka hoʻōho o ka lactic acidosis, me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā hana renal impaired me kahi index creatinine i ʻoi aku ma mua o 150 μmol / l, maʻi ate a me nā maʻi maʻi;
- hana hōʻeha me ka cleinine clearance <45 ml / min. a i ʻole GFR <45 ml / min. / 1.73 m²;
- pūpū hema;
- maʻiʻai maʻi ketoacidosis, coma maʻi diabetes;
- ka huina o ka puʻuwai aloha kūloko (akā ʻaʻole i hōʻino i ke ake ʻole o ka naʻau);
- ka huina o ka myocardial infarction;
- hapai a lactation;
- nā huehue ʻona pōʻai.
- ka manawa ma mua o ka hana (2 lā), nā haʻawina radiopaque.
Me ka mālama pono
- kamalii mai 10 a 12;
- nā ʻelemakule (ma hope o 65 mau makahiki);
- nā mea e hana nei i ka hana kaumaha kino, e hoʻonui ana i ka maʻi o ka acidact lactic.
Pehea e lawe ai i ka metformin hydrochloride?
Ma mua o hoʻokahi a ma hope o kahi ʻaina?
ʻO ka manawa lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka meaʻai a ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana.
Me ka maʻi diabetes
ʻO ka make wai no nā pākeke ma mua mai 500 a 850 mg ʻelua a ʻekolu paha i ka lā. Ma hope o 2 mau pule, e nānā ʻia ana ka nui ma muli o ke ana o ka nui o ka glucose koko. Ke hoʻonui nei i ka hoʻoneʻe o ka lā i kēlā me kēia lā i nā hopena ʻaluna e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana. ʻAʻole pono nā dosis o kēlā me kēia lā e 3000 mg i 3 mau puʻupuʻu māhele.
ʻO ka dosela i kēlā me kēia lā no nā keiki o nā makahiki he 10 a ʻoi aʻe nā makahiki he 500-850 mg i loko o ka 1 pāʻai. Ma hope o 2 mau pule, e loiloi ʻia ka make o ka lā i kēia lā e like me ka pae o ka glucose i ka koko. ʻO ka dosis i kēlā me kēia lā i ka lolo, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā 2-3 poki ʻana, ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku o 2000 mg i ka huina.
Ma mua o ka kuhikuhi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā mea maʻi me nā poʻe maʻi, a ma ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, ʻōlelo ʻia ka mālama ʻana maʻamau i ka hana iā ia. I loko o nā poʻe me ka hiki ʻole o ka renal moderate (ʻo ka cleinine clearance o 45-59 ml / min a i ʻole GFR o 45-59 ml / min), ʻae ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau (dosage i kēlā me kēia lā o 500-850 hoʻokahi) ma ka loaʻa ʻole o ka mahuahua o ka hopena o ka acidosis lactic. ʻAʻole hoʻonui ka lāʻau o kēlā me kēia lā i ka 1000 mg a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i 2 dosis. Kauia ka hana ʻana o ka hana honu he mea kauoha ma ka liʻiliʻi o 6 mau mahina.
No ka hoʻoluhi kaumaha
ʻO ka pākaʻi mua ma mua o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana, ʻo 500 mg 1 mau lā i kēlā me kēia lā me ka hoʻonui haʻahaʻa o ka nui e ka 500 mg i kēlā me kēia pule. ʻAʻole pono ʻo ia i ka lā i ʻōlelo ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka papa kumu o ke komo ʻana he 3 mau wiki me nā heʻe o kahi he 1-2 mahina. I mua o nā hopena hopena koʻikoʻi, ua kahe i ka lā i kēlā me kēia lā.
Nā hopena ʻokoʻa o ka Metformin hydrochloride
Hoʻohui pinepine ka lāʻau me ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. I kēia mau hihia, ʻike ʻia kahi hōʻemi hoʻoneʻe a hoʻopau ʻole ʻana i ka lāʻau e pili ana i ka nui o ke kūlana.
ʻŌpala Gastrointestinal
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mālama ʻana a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui, nā maʻi ʻalike e like me nā mea maʻamau.
- nā maʻi dyspeptic (nausea, luaʻi, hōkele, huhū)
- ʻeha ka ʻōpū
- lilo ka momona
- paulele.
Ke alakaʻi nei kēia mau maʻi i ka pinepine o nā hōʻike i ka wā o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hōʻike maʻalahi kēia mau mea i luna pono. I mea e hōʻemi ai a pale aku paha iā lākou, ua hōʻike ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka lā ma kēlā me kēia lā a me kona keʻa ʻana i nā nui he nui. Me ka hoʻomehana lōʻihi, hoʻomohala mau i nā maʻi palupalu.
Ma ka ʻāpana o ka ʻili
Nā hopena e pili ana i ka maʻi pākahi, me ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻūhū o ka ʻili, ka ʻeha, ka urticaria.
Mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka metabolism
Hiki i ka lāʻau lōʻihi ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ka pae homocysteine, ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia me ka lawa ʻole o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka vitamin B12 a me kona hemahema, a hiki ʻole i kēia ke hana i ke ʻano o ke koko a (ma nā hihia koʻikoʻi) e alakaʻi i ka anemia megaloblastic.
ʻO ka hoʻomohalaʻana o ka acidact lactic (lactic acidosis) ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili o ka waikena lactic i ke koko, ʻo ka hoʻopiʻi koʻikoʻi loa mai ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā biguanides.
ʻŌnaehana Endocrine
Me ka hypothyroidism, hoʻemi ka lāʻau i ka pae o ka hormone thyroid-hoʻoikaika i ka serum koko. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i ka hana testosterone i nā kāne. I nā hihia kaʻawale, kū i ka anemia megaloblastic.
Allergies
ʻIli ʻia ka ʻili.
Hoʻopilikia i ka hiki ke mālama i nā mīkini
ʻAʻole pili ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hiki ke hana pū me nā mīkini paʻakikī, komo i nā kaʻa. I ka hui pū ʻana me nā mea hana antihyperglycemic ʻē aʻe (insulin, meglitinides), ka hoʻomohala ʻia o nā kūlana hypoglycemic i hiki ʻole i ka hoʻokele a me nā hana paʻakikī e koi ai i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka manaʻo.
ʻAʻole pili ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hiki ke hana pū me nā mīkini paʻakikī, komo i nā kaʻa.
Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī
I ka wā o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e kūkulu i kāu meaʻai, no ka ke kahili ʻia ʻana o ka ʻai o ka mau powa i loko o ke ao. Ma ke alo o ke kaumaha o ke kaumaha nui, pono e hoʻokau i kahi meaʻai me kahi haʻahaʻa o kaloli kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā ʻōkuhi o ka hana kāʻei o ka hoʻohaʻawahine e nānā pono ʻia.
Hoʻohana i ka wā hāpai a me ka lactation
Ua ʻae ʻia ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wā o ka hānau ʻana i kahi keiki, me ka maʻi maʻi gestational. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me nā haʻawina loiloi, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka kūlana o ka makuahine a i ʻole ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūpū. ʻIke ʻia ka ʻike o ka mea hana ma ka umauma umauma, no laila e ʻōlelo ʻia e ke hoʻopau ʻana i ka umauma i ka wā o ka ʻoihana no ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻikepili mai nā noiʻi e pili ana i ka palekana o ka lāʻau no nā keiki.
Kahi ʻana i ka hana Metformin hydrochloride i nā keiki
Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā keiki mai 10 mau makahiki wale nō ma hope o ka hōʻoia o ka maʻi maʻamau ʻo 2. ʻAʻole mālama ʻia ka hopena o ka lāʻau i ka wā ʻōpiopio a i ʻole ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki. Akā ʻaʻole i ʻike nui ʻia kēia pilikia, no laila e mālama pono ʻia ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau helu i nā keiki i ka wā lōʻihi o ka ʻoihana lapaʻau.
Hoʻohana i ka wā kahiko
Pono i ka mālama ʻana i nā hana renal, ma ke ʻano he hōʻemi ia i nā makahiki.
Ke noi no ka hana renal haukapole
Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka a me ka hana maʻamau i ka wā o ka maʻi (ma kahi o 2 mau manawa i ka makahiki) e pono ke nānā ʻia nā mea kanu, ʻoiai ua hoʻopili ʻia ka metformin ma o ka urinary system. Inā hana cleinine clearance he <45 ml / min., Ua hoʻomau ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hoʻohana no ka hana lawelawe lēwa
I nā hanana liʻiliʻi, hiki i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻeha i kahi hana momona (me ka hopena ʻaoʻao). Hoʻopau nā hopena lae ʻole ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO ka overdose o Metformin Hydrochloride
Pākuʻi ʻia ʻo ia nā kumuhana, ka luaʻi, ke nānā ʻana i ka maʻi, ka ʻihiʻina, ka ʻeha, ke kaumaha nei a me ka hypglycemia. ʻO kahi hoʻopiʻi weliweli e koi ana i ka hoʻokipa koke ʻana i ka lactic acidosis, hōʻailona ʻia e nā hōʻailona o ka lilo hauoli, ʻike luhi. Hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka sodium bicarbonate, me kona pono ʻole hemodialysis. Ua kākau ʻia nā hōʻeha ma hope o ka loaʻaʻana o kahi kūkā ma luna o 63 g.
Hoʻopili pū me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe
ʻO ka hoʻohana like ʻana o nā iʻa aine i loko o ka iubine e contraindicated. I kēia hihia, hiki i ka pilikia o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka renal, hōʻiliʻili nui i ka mea kanu lāʻau, hoʻonui ʻia ka lactic acidosis.
ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka derony o ka olonylurea, NSAIDs, Acarbose, Insulin hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka hopena hypoglycemic.
Ke emi nei ka hopena o ka hopena hypoglycemic i ka wā i hoʻohana pū ʻia me:
- glucocorticosteroids;
- o nā hormone thyroid
- nā diuretics loop;
- nā hopena deriviazine;
- haluluHalakalaha.
I nā hihia pinepine, hoʻohana pū kekahi me indomethacin (suppositories) hiki i ka metabolabous acidosis.
Hoʻolaha ka waipuna
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea inu waiinu a i ʻole nā lāʻau i inu ʻia me ka waiʻole. Ka make wai huakino huehuei, inā kū'ē e pili ana i ka wā o ka meaʻai o ka haʻalulu haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka pōʻino o ka puʻuwai, i hui pū ʻia me ka nui o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka waikena lactic
Nā kuʻina
- Huhu;
- Bagometua;
- Metformin Richter;
- Metformin-Canon;
- Metformin-Akrikhin;
- Metformin Long;
- Siofor.
Waihue huaʻōlelo waiho nā huaʻōlelo
E kuʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki i ke kauka ke komo i ka inoa ma ka Latin Metforminum ma ke ʻano.
Hiki iaʻu ke kūʻai me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka hōʻailona?
ʻAʻohe.
Kumukūʻai o Metformin Hydrochloride
ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka lāʻau lapaʻau:
- 500 mg papa, 60 pcs. - iā 132 mau rubles;
- 850 mg papa, 30 pcs. - e pili ana iā 109 mau rubles.
Ke waiho nei i nā kūlana no ka lāʻau lapaʻau
ʻAʻole pono ia i nā kūlana kūikawā. Mālama ʻia ia i ka ʻaki kūwaho. E mālama i nā keiki.
ʻO kahi mea hoʻohālike o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka mea hiki ke hōʻola i Glucophage.
ʻO ka lā kau
3 mau makahiki mai ka lā i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pōleʻa.
Mea hana
Zentiva S.A. (Bucharest, Romania).
Nā ʻike ma ka metformin hydrochloride
Kauka
ʻO Vasiliev R.V., kaukaʻi maʻamau: "Lapa ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi monotherapy a me ka hoʻopili hoʻohui ʻana. He hana pono a, e whai pono nei no ka ʻōkuhi ʻana no ka hoʻohana ʻana. Ua loaʻa ka hopena kūpono i ka hana metabolism, e kōkua ana i ka normalization o ke kaupaona ʻana. lilo i ka mālama ʻia ʻana o kekahi mau maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi. "
Tereshchenko E. V., endocrinologist: "I mau makahiki he nui wau i kuhikuhi pinepine i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻana o nā pakanā kalapona, ʻoi loa no nā poʻe momona keu. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hapai."
ʻO nā maʻi maʻi
ʻO Olga, 56 makahiki, ʻo Yalta: "Ua mālama wau i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi diabetes type 2 no 5 mau mahina.I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kauā, ua loaʻa ia i kekahi mau kilamu o ka paona. "
ʻO ka momona kaumaha
ʻO Tamara, 28 makahiki, ʻo Moscow: "I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua loaʻa iaʻu ka 20 kg ma muli o ke kaumaha a me ka make nui. Ua mālama au i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo o ka makahiki e like me ke kumu a alakaʻi i kahi hana kūleʻa. Ua lanakila wau ma kahi o 13 kg."
ʻO Taisiya, 34 makahiki, ʻo Bryansk: "E kōkua ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i ka momona, akā inā hele wale ʻoe i ke kīpono kūpono ʻole.
