ʻO ka urine kahi hōʻailona o ke kūlana olakino o kekahi, no laila inā maʻamau ka nānā ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana o nā biochemical maʻamau, a laila e manaʻo ʻia ke kanaka olakino. Akā ʻo ka heleʻana o ke kō i loko o ka urine ke kumu no ka hauʻoli, no ka mea pinepine ka glucosuria e hōʻike i kahi hewa i ka hana ʻana o nā wahī o loko e like me ke akepaʻa, nā ʻōpū a me nā pancreas paha.
No laila, ke nānā aku i ke kō i loko o ka pāʻai, pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā haʻawina hou. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma kahi o ka kānalua o ka maʻi diabetes a me nā ala āpau koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻopiʻi ka glucosuria i nā kumu physiological, no ka laʻana, ke kaumaha a hoʻonui paha i ka hana kino.
Akā pehea e hoʻokomo ai ke kō i ke kō? He aha keʻano o ke kumu a he aha ke kumu o ka glucosuria e ʻike ai i kahi ʻano pōmaikaʻi?
ʻO ke kaʻina o ka glucose i loko o ka urine
ʻO ka loiloi o ka hoʻoliʻi ʻana i ke kōpili i loko o nā aʻeha ka paʻakikī, ʻo ka glucose ka mea nui i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka waihona metabolism. I loko o nā pūpū o nā nephron, ua hoʻohuihui ʻia i loko o ke kahe koko, akā e lanakila ai i ka pae o ka epithelial, pono e pākia kēlā me kēia molololi a pau i kahi mololeka lawe moku. Inā nui ka kō i ka kō, ua helu ka nui o nā mea lawe, a laila kūkulu nā glucosuria.
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kanaka ka paepae renal e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ke kaʻe o ke koko i hiki ke kau ʻia nā keiki. Hoʻololi kēia alana i ka 8 a 10 mmol / L.
Aia ka nui o ka nui o ka glucose i loko o nā wai o ke ola, a laila ʻaʻole hiki i nā keiki ke hoʻokūkū me ka hoʻopili ʻana, a hoʻomaka ka paʻahana i ka urine. Ke hoʻomau nei kēia ʻano, nalowale i nā keiki i ka hiki ke hoʻōla i ke kō, no laila, e hoʻomau mau ʻia nā mea maʻi me ia mau ʻano.
ʻO ka glycosuria pinepine ka ukali me ka makewai a me ka polyuria. Hoʻololi pinepine kēia mau hōʻailona i ka hiki ʻole o ka renal a me ka maʻi diabetes.
Ina e manaʻo nei ʻo ka maʻi maʻi a me ka hyperglycemia i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 9 mmol / L, ua kūleʻa ʻo glucosuria a paʻa mau. A me nā hōʻailona o ka 1.7 mmol / l ma ke kakahiaka mimi i hiki ke hōʻike i nā kumu physiological (hōʻino o ka ʻai o ka ʻai, a me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻonui i ke kaumaha a me ke kaumaha kino). ʻO ke koena o ka lā, ʻaʻole pono nā wahine i ke kō i loko o ka wai.
Eia nō naʻe, ma ka hoʻohui o ka glucose maʻamau, ka monosaccharides, fructose, galactose, a me ka sucrose hiki i ka urine. No ka ʻike i ka hiki ʻana mai o kēia mau mea, ke hōʻike ʻia nei nā haʻawina a penei:
- Ka hoʻāʻo (Tome);
- Kāleka Gaines (glucose);
- ka ʻike ʻana i ka lactose a fructose paha;
- kaʻina polarimetric.
ʻO ka pōpilikia o ke kō ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke kino, ʻo ia ke ʻano hana osmotically e huki ʻia i ka wai.
No laila, me ka puka o ka holomua o ka glucosuria, e hoʻomōhala i ka liʻiliʻi o ke kino.
He aha ke kumu o ke kō i loko o ka urine i nā wahine?
I ke kanaka olakino, ʻo ke ʻano o ke kō i loko o ka urine ʻo ia ka nele. Akā i kekahi mau hihia, ua ʻae ʻia kahi nui o ke kōpona ma loko o ka urine - mai 0.06 a 0,08 mmol / l. No laila, kahi hōʻailona o ka mea ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 1.7 mmol / L i manaʻo ʻia e manaʻo ʻia.
Eia naʻe, inā loaʻa ke kō i ke kō, ʻo ka laulima i loko o nā wāhine, ma o ka makahiki 50, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā ʻāpana kikoʻī. ʻO kēia no ka mea e pili ana i ka wā'ōpiopio, hoʻomaka ka lolo i kaʻili o ka glucose.
ʻO ka paepae o kahi kūleʻa no kahi wahine makua ʻo 8.9-10 mmol / l, akā hiki ke hoʻēmi me ka makahiki. ʻO kahi pae nui aʻe ma mua o 2.8 mmol / l hōʻike i ka hiki ʻana o nā kahi kūʻē koʻikoʻi e pono ai ka mālama lapaʻau koke.
ʻAʻole ia he mea kūpono no nā kumu physiological i ka wahine palupalu haʻahaʻa, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka glucosuria. Hōʻalo ʻia ka gula i ka wā hapai ma ke kolu ʻekolu. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i kēia manawa, hoʻonui ʻia ka ikaika o ke kū'ē i ka hoʻouluʻana o ka insulin.
Akā i ka manawa pinepine, kūkulu ka glucosuria i nā wahine hāpai i loaʻa ka predisposition hoʻoilina iā ia. A ʻo nā mea hoʻonāukiuki he mau makahiki 30 a me ka hiki ʻana o ke kaumaha nui.
ʻO ke kumu o ke kō i loko o ka urine o kahi wahine hāpai a hiki i ka 2.7 mmol / l, inā ua kiʻekiʻe nā hōʻailona, a laila pono nā noiʻi hou. Kūkākūkā ʻia kēlā me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka pae o ka glycemia i loko o ke koko a nānā hou i nā lā o ka lā.
ʻO nā maʻi a me nā kūlana i hele pū ʻia e ka glucosuria
ʻO ka mea mua, he nānā nui o ke kō ma ke kō iʻa i ka maʻi mellitus ma ke ʻano maʻi mellitus type 1 a me 2, ka mea pū kekahi me ka hyperglycemia. Ma muli o ka nele o ka insulin, ʻaʻole e loli ka glucose i ka glycogen a me ka neʻe i loko o ke koko. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka hana o nā huina resorption, ma muli o ke aniani o ka paepapa o ka renal e emi a a me ka honi i komo i ka wai lua.
Aia a renal glucosuria, hiki ke loaʻa a me ka congenital. Inā he hoʻoilina ka maʻi, a laila e hopena ana i nā pilikia genetic (nā pilikia me ka resorption, nā pilikia i ka hana o nā tubules). Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ke kūlana ʻelua o ka nephrosis a i ʻole nephritis.
Aia kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka glucosuria:
- Alimentary. ʻO ia i ka wā he nui ka nui o nā mea kākola i ka meaʻai, akā, ma ke ʻano o ka meaʻai, ke normal ka pae o ka glucose.
- Iatrogenic. Nā hiʻohiʻona ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me corticosteroids.
- Endocrine. Hoʻoulu ia me ka pancreatitis a me nā hoʻopiʻi endocrine ʻē aʻe (ʻO kāna kakaleka Heenko-Cush, ka maʻi maʻi).
Urinalysis no ke kō
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka glucose i ka urine ma ka ʻoihana a me ka home. I ka hihia hope loa, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻoka hoʻāʻo pākuʻi, akā, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua maʻi, he mea hōʻemi loa lākou, ma muli o kahi hopena ʻaʻole kūpono ke hopena.
Aia kahi 2 ʻano lāʻau hoʻokolohua o ka urine - kakahiaka a me kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka mea e maopopo ai ka ʻike i kēlā me kēia lā, no laila e kuhikuhi ʻia inā ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka urine kakahiaka i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
E hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka wai kakahiaka, i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka urine i loko o kahi pahu maʻemaʻe (0.5 L) ma hope o ka urination kakahiaka nui. Akā ke hōʻiliʻili i ka lā maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā, kahe ka hapa mua.
I mea e pono ai nā hualoaʻa e like me ka hiki, pono e mālama ʻia nā lula ʻē aʻe i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā biomaterial i kēlā me kēia lā.
- Kohi ʻia ka lāʻai o kēlā me kēia lā i kahi pahu nui ka nui (3 L).
- Pono e mālama i kahi pahu o biomaterial i loko o ka friji no hoʻokahi lā.
- I ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā wai āpau, e lūlū maikaʻi ʻia ka ipu, a laila ninini ʻia ka 150-200 ml i loko o kahi pahu liʻiliʻi.
- I ka wā menstruation, ʻaʻole hana ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili urine.
- Ma ka hōʻiliʻili o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻoi biomaterial, pono ia i ka holoi ʻana i ka moʻomeheu o waho.
I ka lā ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo o ka urine no ka honi, pono ʻoe e haʻalele i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka umauma buckwheat, beets, huaʻai citrus, kāloti a me kekahi mea momona. No ka mea hoʻi e hoʻomanaʻo e pili ana i ka nui o ka naʻau a me ka naʻau e pili i ka hopena.
Inā i ʻike ʻia ka glucose i loko o ka urine, pono e hoʻāʻo hou ka mea maʻi.
Inā ma hope o nā hopena o nā hōʻike ʻekolu e hōʻike ai i ka glucosuria, a laila e lawe ʻia ana nā hoʻokolohua hou no ka noho ʻana o ka maʻi mellitus.
Ke wehewehe nei i nā hopena
E kōkua ka ʻike i nā hana maʻalahi e hoʻokele i ka mea maʻi e holo i nā hōʻailona a me ke koho pono i ke ʻano maʻamau o kona kino. I ka keu o ka nui o ke kō, nā decoding o nā hōʻike i ka urine e hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻōmole ʻē aʻe, e like me ka nui, ke kūwili ʻana, ka protein, acetone, nā keʻena koko keʻokeʻo, nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula, a pēlā aku.
No laila, inā he emi iho ka nui o ka urine kakahiaka ma mua o 150 ml, a laila e hōʻike ai kēia i ke ʻano o ka renal (maʻa, ʻoihana), hōʻeha o ka puʻuwai, a i ʻole dehydration. Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka urine ma mua o 150 ml, a laila pili pinepine kēia hōʻailona me ka maʻi mellitus a i ʻole pyelonephritis.
He kūpono kūpono ia ʻike ʻo ia i loko o kahi kanaka koʻikoʻi ke ʻano o ka urine i ʻōpala. Hōʻike nā hoʻololi i ka malu i kahi o nā maʻi like - oncology o nā palaka, hepatitis, cirrhosis a pēlā aku.
Inā ʻike ka acetone i loko o ka wai, a laila ʻo ia kahi hōʻailona o nā maʻi i ka pancreas, ke ala o kahi maʻi infectious a me nā maʻi i loko o ke kino. Eia kekahi, ʻike pinepine kēia mau mea i ka maʻi mellitus ma loko.
Inā loaʻa kahi ʻike nui o ka protein, a laila hiki i kēia ke kuhikuhi i ka trombosis o nā veins o nā wahī, a me ka naʻau ʻole a me ke ʻano o nā maʻi purulent i ke kino. Me kahi helu kelepona nui keʻokeʻo (ma mua o 20), ʻike pinepine ʻia nā wahine e nā maʻi o ka genitourinary tract (urethritis, cystitis) a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻeha.
Me ka nui o nā ʻōnaehana koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ka urine (ʻoi aku ma mua o 100), e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ana i nā kikoʻī hou o nā ʻili o ke kino, me ka ʻili ʻana a me nā ʻili, pono. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka nui o ke kaohi o ke koko wailua e hōʻike i ka oncology, ka nephropathy maʻi a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.
Ua wehewehe ʻia ʻo Glucosuria i ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.
