Atherosclerosis a me nā maʻi o loko: pili

Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ka atherosclerosis a me nā maʻi kūloko e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular.

Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia ʻano e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka lipid a me ka protein metabolism ka hopena a i ʻole ke kumu kumu o kekahi maʻi cardiovascular.

No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomaka mua o ka atherosclerosis hana nui i kahi hana koʻikoʻi - he kaʻina hana paʻakikī ʻaʻole i hōʻike iki iā ia ma mua.

ʻO nā papa o ka hoʻolālā a me ke kumu o ka atherosclerosis

Me ka atherosclerosis, aia kahi hōʻuluʻulu o ka kolamu a me nā lipid hapa ma ka waena a me ka choroid kūloko, ma muli o ke kau ʻana o ka paʻakai kalima ma nā ʻatikala o ke kīhāpai a me ka nui o ka caliber a me ka hoʻopili.

Hōʻike nā hōʻailona mua o ka atherosclerosis ke ālai ʻia ka ʻehā i ka hapa ma mua o ka hapa.

Hoʻokumu nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi i ka wahi o nā moku i hoʻopilikia ʻia.

Hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻanuʻu ʻekolu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pathology.

ʻO ka mea mua ke hoʻomohala ʻana i nā koina momona - ma kahi o kahi hōʻike o ka maʻi. Aia ia ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili o nā macrophages a me nā ʻōpū palupalu i hoʻolōʻihi ʻia, a me ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i nā lipids. Ka lōʻihi o ka manawa, ulu ka palaha momona, akā ʻaʻole i ʻike mau ʻia kona hele ʻana me kahi maʻi me ka atherosclerosis. ʻOiai i nā pēpē, ʻike ʻia nā wahi momona ma nā moku me ka diameter o 1-2 mm.

ʻO ka lua ʻo ia ka ulu ʻana o ka pāla fibrous e noho ana i loko o ka pa o loko o ka moku. Loaʻa ia i nā esters a me nā crystals cholesterol, he mau leʻalulu ia, a me nā lipid lipid - he capsule wiwo ʻole. Ke māhuahua o nā palakela fibrous e hoʻopili ai i ka lumen o ka arela. ʻO ke kololi mai ke koko, e ʻohi ana i nā paia o ka moku.

ʻO ke kolu - ka hiki ʻana o nā pilikia paʻakikī - kahi hana hope loa i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka atherosclerosis. Hōʻike ʻia me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka mānoanoa o nā molina o nā waihona fibrous i emi ma lalo o 65 microns, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā microcracks a me nā ʻūhā ma luna o kona wahi. Hoʻopili kēia i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā platelets i ka capsule, ke kumu e hōʻeha ai i ka trombosis, stroke, hōʻeha naʻau a me nā ala ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka pīhoihoi koko a i ʻole pau ʻole o kona pau ʻana i ka lāʻau pili.

Manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka waihona atheromatous he ʻano kūlohelohe ia, akā he mau helu o ke kumu e hiki ke hoʻoluli a e hoʻolele ana.

ʻO Pathanatomy nā kumu like ʻole:

1. ʻO ke kāne a me ka makahiki. Hoʻoulu kēia maʻi i nā kāne 3-4 mau manawa pinepine ma mua o nā wahine. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā hōʻailona mua o nā kāne e hūnā i nā makahiki 45, a me nā wahine - hoʻomaka mai 55 makahiki.
2. Nā genetics Aia ia me nā mea e like me ka hana a ka mea kūlohelohe, ka hiki ʻana o ka dyslipoproteinemia me nā nui o ka hormonal.
3. ʻAno maikaʻi. ʻO ka mea pōʻino loa no ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular ka mea i ulaula, e like me Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hoke i ka nui o ka nikotine a me ka pā maikaʻi. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohala aku iā ia me ka waiʻona, ʻoiai inā ka 100 g o ka waina ʻulaʻula maloʻo i ka ʻaina ʻaina he pale maikaʻi loa ia ke koko kiʻekiʻe.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kumu o nā loli pathological hiki ke loaʻa i ka nui o ka paona.

ʻO ke kīpopeka he kumu i nā maʻi he nui - atherosclerosis, maʻi maʻi maʻi, a me nā mea hoʻi, no laila, pono ʻoe e hoʻoponopono i ke kaumaha o ke kino.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka atherosclerosis

Nui a ʻano mau ʻano maʻi like.

ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau ka helu ʻana i ka atherosclerosis, kau ʻia i ka wahi o ka lesion o nā moku keleawe atheromatous.

Hōʻike kūhā i nā ʻano o ka maʻi.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano o ka atherosclerosis:

• Atherosclerosis o nā moku coronary, hōʻike pinepine ʻia e ka ʻeha naʻau. Ma muli o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i nā ʻili o ka puʻuwai, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka kahe o ka oxygen i ka myocardium. A ʻo kahi hopena ke alakaʻi nei i ka pinaisina angina pectoris, hōʻeha ka naʻau, maʻi o ka coronary a me ka make pū kekahi.
• ʻO ka puka aortic kahi lesion o ka nui loa i ke kino - ka aorta. Hoʻokumu ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka palakika kolesterol i ka hana o nā mea āpau a me nā ʻōnaehana.
• Atherosclerosis o nā moku ʻōla. I waena o nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, ka ʻeha i ka wā o ka urination, ke kahi o ke koko i ka urine, nā hōʻeuʻeu o ka luaʻi a me ka nausea e hōʻike ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi e komo ai i ka hypertension koʻikoʻi a me ka hāʻule ʻole ʻōna.
• Atherosclerosis o nā moku serebral. ʻO ka lolo ke ʻano o nā loulou nui o ka ʻōnaehana o ka puni, no laila, ka pōloli o ka oxygen hele a hiki i kēia mau hopena i nā hopena koʻikoʻi, no ka laʻana, he hōʻeha a i ʻole ka lele ischemic attack.
• Obliterating atherosclerosis o nā lalo a me luna. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ʻo nā hōʻailona e like me ka nalowale o ka lauoho ma nā wāwae a me nā lima, ʻulaʻula ʻole o nā manamana lima, ʻehaʻawa, nā wāwae a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
• Atherosclerosis o nā keʻa mesenteric e hānai ana i nā ʻokiʻawa. ʻO nā hōʻike nui o ka maʻi he mau hōʻeuʻeu o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū - colic-like ʻeha o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka pōʻino ka trombosis o nā lālā koko o ke koko me ka necrosis o ka pā palani a me ka mesentery.

ʻOiai ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ke ala, hiki ke hōʻike mai nā hōʻailona o waho o nā maʻi hōʻuluʻulu o atheromatous:

1. xanthomas - nā ʻano hoʻohālikelike i nā "tubercles" e pili ana i nā wahi o nā hono a me nā tendons;
2. senile arch - ke ʻano o nā kaila melemele ma ke kihi o ka cornea.

Eia kekahi, hiki aku paha nā xanthelasms - ke ʻano o ke kīpē melemele i ka ʻili, pinepine i ka ʻano tuberous, ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻohemo ʻana i nā kolamu a me nā triglycerides.

Nā ʻano o Hyperlipidemia e Fredrickson

ʻO ka Hyperlipidemia he pathological nui loa o ka pae maʻamau o nā lipids a me nā lipoproteins i loko o ke kaila koko.

ʻO kēia maʻi ka mea nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā maʻi cardiovascular, me ka atherosclerosis.

Nā maʻi Hypercholesterolemia - Hoʻolaha i nā maʻi maʻi

ʻO ka Hypercholesterolemia ma ke ʻano he maʻi ia e maʻi ai. Ma ke ʻano, he hana kūpono ia no ka hoouka ʻana o kekahi mau ala.

Hōʻike ka Hypercholesterolemia i ka cholesterol plasma kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona mua a me ke kula ʻelua o kēia maʻi.

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hypercholesterolemia mua i nā ʻano he nui:

• Nā ʻohana I ka puʻuwai o kāna hoʻomohalaʻana i kahi hana hewa i ka hana o nā mea hoʻokae LDL. Eia kekahi, nānā nā homozygotes me ka pinepine o 1 i 1 miliona. I ka maʻi, hiki i ka neʻe ʻana o ka cholesterol me nā 15 a 31 mmol / L. I ka hapa nui, e ulu ana ka maʻi naʻau coronary a hiki i ka makahiki 20.
• Polygenic. Hōʻike ia iā ia iho ma muli o ka hana kūpono ʻole o ka ʻai a i ʻole hoʻi e ke kūʻino ʻana i ka mea pili o ka lawena hoʻoilina. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ke kolamu ma ka plasma koko mai nā 6 a 8 mmol / L. I nā maʻi me ka maʻi naʻau coronary e hele mai ma mua o 60 mau makahiki.
• ʻAiʻaka ʻia ka ʻohana. Hoʻokumu kēia subspecies i 1-2% wale nō o ke kanaka.

ʻO ka hypercholesterolemia ka lua kahi maʻi kahi e hele pū me nā ala renal, diabetes mellitus (type I a me II), hypothyroidism, pancreatitis, maʻi o ka ʻōpū, ka momona, a me nā maʻi maʻi biliary.

Hōʻike pinepine kēia puka i ka mea mua.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me ka pale ʻana o ka maʻi

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻōla maikaʻi ʻia ka atherosclerosis, akā hiki ke hoʻopau i ka lawe ʻana i nā palaki kolesterol me nā manawa kūpono a me ka mālama ʻana.

Hoʻokomo nā hana Diagnostic no ka atherosclerosis hopohopo i ka mōʻaukala olakino, ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o ka mea maʻi, ka pūnaka a me nā ʻoihana hoʻokō Ma waena o nā hōʻike kikowaena nui, ʻikeʻokoʻa ka nui o ka kolamu a me ka atherogenicity. ʻO nā ala diagnostic mea hoʻouluulu ʻia ka angiography, coronography, aortography, ultrasound o nā renal arteri, resovasography a me ka ultrasound.

Ma 80% o nā hihia, kōkua ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopau i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi a pale i nā hopena koʻikoʻi. Kūkala ke kauka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau penei:

1. ʻO nā statins ka lāʻau kaulana loa i ka mālama ʻana i ka atherosclerosis. ʻO kā lākou hana, ke hoʻōla nei i ka hana o ke akea i ka hana o kolamu. ʻO nā hoʻohālikelike o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ka rosuvastatin a me atorvastatin.
2. LCD sequestrants e pale ai i ke kāpili ʻana o nā waihala bile i ka ate. ʻO nā hoʻoponopono kūpono e Colesevelam a me Colestyramine. I ka hopena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōwili LCD, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻai kolamu e hōʻoia i kahi kaʻina hana kūleʻa maʻamau.
3. ʻO nā Fibrates ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopau ai i nā triglycerides, ma laila e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka hana lipid metabolism. Ma loko o ke kalapona āu e hiki ke kūʻai, no ka laʻana, ʻo Trikor a i Atromid paha.
4. ʻO Niacin kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e hana nui i ka mālama ʻana i ka atherosclerosis. Hoʻōla ia i kahi hopena antispasmodic a me vasodilator, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol. ʻO nā palaka e loaʻa ai ka acid nikotinic e contraindicated ma ka maʻi diabetes mellitus, nā maʻi o ka pīpī a me ka puʻuwai.

I nā kūlana holomua, kuhikuhi ʻia ka hana. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo Angioplasty ma nā ʻano minimally invasive, a ua kapa ʻia nā vascular prosthetics a me ka shunting i nā ʻano loea nui.

No ka mālamaʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka atherosclerosis, pono pono e nānā pono i nā meaʻai kūpono. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hahai i kaʻai palaka haʻahaʻa me ka kolamu kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻohe ia i ka ʻai ʻana o ia mau huahana:

• iʻa momona a me nā iʻa kīʻaha;
• Kāwili, muffin, mau palemele a me nā lole keʻokeʻo;
• pickles, a ʻohi a me ka ulaula kīʻaha;
• nā momona waiū momona;
• nā meaʻai kūpono, nā meaʻai wikiwiki, trans fats;
• kīwī ikaika a me ka ʻeleʻele, ka ʻai.

Ma kahi o ka meaʻai momona ua hoʻomehana ʻia me nā ʻano momona o ka iʻa a me ka iʻa, nā lau, nā mea ʻai kiki a me nā huaʻai, nā huahana waʻawaʻa lactic haʻahaʻa, nāʻa brown a me nā ʻano cereals.

ʻO ka hopena o ka atherosclerosis ma luna o nā kino o loko e wehewehe i loko o ke wikiō i kēia ʻatikala.