Serum cholesterol: he aha ka pae i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokiʻekiʻe?

Ke alakaʻi nei ke koko nui o ke koko i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā pāla atherosclerotic ma nā paia vascular. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki i kēia mau hoʻopiha ke hoʻopiʻi i nā ʻalapola, e hoʻopau pinepine me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi hōʻeha a i ʻole ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau.

No laila, ʻike nā mea a pau i ke ʻano o ka serum cholesterol he mea maʻamau. E hoʻoholo i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol e hoʻohana i nā ʻano ʻike hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe.

I ke kīnā ʻana i nā hopena o ke aʻo ʻana, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo pono e like me ke kolamu. He mea nui hoʻi ia e ʻike i ka helu o ka momona momona i ke koko.

He aha ke kolamu a no ke aha e piʻi mai nei

ʻO ke kolamu he wahi momona momona o ka monesterolic. ʻO ka mea o ka māhele o nā membrane cell, pili ia i ka hana o ka testosterone steroid, hoʻokauwale i ka hana ʻana o nā aikini bile a me ka vitamina D.

Aia ke Cholesterol i nā kahe a pau o nā kino a me nā ʻili i loko o kahi kūlana a ʻole e like me nā esters me nā momona momona. Hana ʻia kāna hana i kēlā me kēia cell. ʻO nā ʻano alakaʻi alakaʻi i ke koko he haʻahaʻa a me nā lipoproteins density kiʻekiʻe.

Aia ka Plasma cholesterol i ke ʻano o nā esters (a hala i 70%). Kūkulu ʻia nā hope aʻe i loko o nā pūlea ma muli o kahi hopena hopena a i ʻole plasma paha ma muli o ka hana o kahi enzyme kikoʻī.

No ke ola olakino, he lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e pōʻino ana. Hiki ke loli a hoʻololi ʻia nā kumu no ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o lākou i ke koko.

ʻO ke kumu nui e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana kolamu he mau pōmaikaʻi maikaʻi, ma ke ʻano pono ʻole o kaʻai ʻana (ka ʻai maʻamau mau ʻana i nā meaʻai holoholona momona), nā waiʻona, ka puhipuhi, ka nele o ka hana kino. Eia nō kekahi, ʻo nā loli hiki ke hoʻololi i ka pae o LDL i ke koko.

ʻO kekahi kumu nui no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hypercholesterolemia ma mua o ka momona, ka mea i hui pū ʻia ʻaʻole ʻaʻole wale e kaʻeʻe ʻana o ka metabolidito o lipid, akā pili pū kekahi i nā mea kalaka, i ka manawa e loaʻa ai ke kanaka i ka piʻi o ka glucose o ke koko. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea i ka hōʻike o nā maʻi maʻi type 2.

ʻO kahi mea koʻikoʻi e kumu ai ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka neʻe o ka kolamu ma ke koko, he predisposition me ka nui o ka makahiki.

I nā pilikia holomua, pono e mālama ʻia ka hypercholesterolemia no ke ola. I kēia kūlana, pono ka mea maʻi e hahai mau i kahi meaʻai kūikawā a lawe i nā statins.

I mea e pale ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka atherosclerosis, hōʻeha ʻana i ka naʻau a me ka hōʻeha, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe pono i kekahi mau hōʻailona e hōʻike ai i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka kolamu. Nā alakaʻi nui i nā maʻi lipid metabolism:

1. ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā wahi melemele ma ka ʻili e kokoke ana i nā maka. ʻO ka pinepine, kūkulu ʻia kahi xanthoma me kahi genis predisposition.
2. ʻAnake ka Angina pectoris ma muli o ka ʻalā ʻana o nā wahī coronary o ka naʻau.
3. ʻO ka ʻeha i nā hopena i kū ʻia i ka wā o ke ʻano kino. ʻO kēia hoʻi ka hopena o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā moku koko e hāʻawi ana i ke koko i nā lima a me nā wāwae.
4. ʻO ka hanaʻole o ka puʻuwai, ka ulu ʻana ma muli o ka nele o nā meaʻai i ka oxygen.
5. ʻO kahi hōʻeha e kū mai ma muli o ka lulu ʻana i ka pōpoki atherosclerotic mai nā paia vascular, e alakaʻi ana i ke kahe o ke koko koko.

Hoʻonui pinepine ʻia nā pae cholesterol i ka poʻe e ʻeha nei i kekahi mau maʻi. No laila, hele pinepine ka hypercholesterolemia i ka maʻi mellitus a me nā mea maʻi pancreatic ʻē aʻe, ka hypothyroidism, nā maʻi o ka ate, ka ʻōpū, ka naʻau.

Noho mau ka mea maʻi like, no laila e pono lākou e nānā i ka pae o ka kolamu ma ke koko a ʻike i kona ʻano.

ʻLelo maʻamau o nā kolamu

Hiki i nā pae kikowaena Serum paha i like me ke ʻano o ka makahiki, ka wahine a me nā kūlana maʻamau o ke kino. Akā ʻōlelo nā kauka e hiki ʻole i nā palena ʻae loa i ka 5.2 mmol / L. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai ka pae o ka cholesterol he 5.0 mmol / L, ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo ke maʻi ka lipid metabolism, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ka ʻike o ka kolamu nui i nā ʻike pololei.

ʻO ka ʻōnaehana maʻamau o ka cholesterol i ke koko i kahi mahele kikoʻī kekahi mau hōʻailona kikoʻī. Hoʻoholo ʻia kā lākou hoʻoholo ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka loiloi o ka hoʻopili spider spectric.

No laila, ʻo ka huina o ka kolamu ma ka plasma koko i waena o 3.6 a i 5.2 mmol / L. Hōʻike ʻia ka Hypercholesterolemia inā he nui o ka momona momona i loko o ke koko mai 5.2 a 6.7 mmol / L (ʻaʻole waiwai), 6.7-7.8 mmol / L (waena), ʻoi aku ma mua o 7.8 mmol / L (kaumaha).

ʻO ka papa e hōʻike ana i ka kolamu hoʻonui ʻae ʻia, e pili ana i ka makahiki a me ke ʻano wahine.

He mea pono ia no ka poʻe me ka atherosclerosis, maʻi mellitus, maʻi maʻi ʻōpū (ischemic syndrome) a me nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa i ka hōʻeha a me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ʻo ka palupalu kolamu serum e pono e emi mai ma mua o 4.5 mmol / L.

Me kēlā mau maʻi, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka mālama kūikawā hypolpidemic.

Nā ʻano maʻi koleka

Hāʻawi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā ala he nui e hoʻoholo ai i ka nui o ka cholesterol i ke koko. ʻO kekahi o nā loiloi kaulana loa ʻo ka hana ʻo Ilka.

Kālai ka ʻimi kumu noiʻi ʻana me ka moʻoliā ʻana o ka holomua o ka kolamu me ka neʻe ʻo Lieberman-Burchard. Ma ke kaʻina hana, hoʻohemo i ka cholesterol a lilo i hydrocarbon unsaturated. Hoʻohālikelike me ka anhydride acetic, ke hoʻohuli nui ia, ka ikaika o ka mea i ʻike ʻia e FEC.

ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike helu ʻana e like me ke ʻano ʻo Ilk e like me kēia: ka ninini ʻia o ka hoʻouka ʻana o Lieberman-Burchard i loko o kahi hōʻike hoʻāʻo. A laila e hoʻonui malie a me ka malū ʻole-hemolyzed i ke koko (0.1 ml) i ka pahu.

Hū ʻia ka paila e pili ana i 10 mau manawa a kau i loko o kahi termostat no 24 mau minuke. Ma hope o ka manawa i hāʻawi ʻia, ʻo ka wai ʻulaʻulaʻula ka colorimetric ma ka FEK. Ma ka ʻike hiki ʻole, ua koho ʻia ka waiwai kolamu ma ka g / l e like me ke kaʻe o ka maʻamau.

ʻO kahi ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻamau hou no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka nui o ka cholesterol he hōʻike i ke koko biochemical. Ua hōʻike pū ʻia kēia noiʻi i nā hōʻailona o ka kalapona, ka protein a me ka metabolism lipid.

ʻO 3-5 ml koko mai kahi vein ua lawe ʻia mai kahi mea maʻi no ka nānā ʻana. ʻO ka mea hou, e hoʻouna ʻia ka biomaterial i ka papa hana noiʻi.

Hoʻoholo ka loiloi biochemical i ke kolamu o ke kolamu ma ke koko. ʻO ka awelika, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻonui ka hōʻailona i ka 5.6 mmol / l.

Hoʻomaʻama pinepine, ʻike ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano Zlatix-Zack. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea e like me ka reagents:

• ka waiona phosphate;
• pāpaʻi waiu;
• waikawa huehiwa;
• huekaʻa kulekea (H2SO4).

Hoʻohui ʻia nā loiloi a hoʻohui ʻia ke koko iā lākou. I ka wā o ka hopena oxidative, loaʻa iā ia kekahi o nā hue ʻulaʻula.

Hoʻomaopopo nā hualoaʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kāʻei kiʻi photometric. Noma o ka cholesterol e like me ke ala o Zlatix-Zack he 3.2-6.4 mmol / l.

I kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻole lawa ka screening no ka cholesterol wale nō, no laila hāʻawi ʻia ka mea maʻi i kahi kiʻi lipid. ʻO kēia kahi loiloi piha piha o ka cholesterol metabolism i loko o ke kino, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke aʻo e pili ana i ka mokuʻāina o nā haʻi āpau a nānā i nā pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka atherosclerosis.

ʻO ka lipidogram e hoʻoholo i ka māhele o kēia o nā kuhikuhi:

1. Kālā kolamu.
2. Nā lipoproteins kūloko kiʻekiʻe. Hana ʻia ke aniani ma ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka huina o ka kolamu o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻana. ʻO ke kumu o HDL i nā kāne e pili ana i ka 1,68 mmol / l, i nā wahine - 1,42 mmol / l. I ka hihia o dyslipidemia, e haʻahaʻa loa nā kumukūʻai.
3. Nā lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka nui o ka cholesterol maikaʻi loa e hoʻoholo ʻia e ka nānā ʻana i kahi sedum ahe koko e hoʻohana ana i ka pyridine sulfate. ʻO ke kumu o LDL - a hiki i 3.9 mmol / l, inā he kiʻekiʻe loa nā hōʻailona - e hōʻike nei i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka atherosclerosis.
4. ʻO VLDL a me nā triglycerides. ʻO nā ala kaulana no ka nānā ʻana i ka nui o kēia mau mea e kau ʻia nei ma ka hopena meakanu enzymatic e hoʻohana ana i ka glycerol, chromotropic acid, acetylacetone. Inā ʻoi aku ka pae o VLDL a me ka triglycerides iʻoi aku ma mua o 1.82 mmol / l, a laila noʻonoʻo paha i ka mea maʻi me nā papa maʻi cardiovascular.
5. Koolawe ʻoihana kiko. Kuhi ka mea pono i ka māhele o HDL i LDL i ke koko. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka hōʻailona ma mua o ka ʻekolu.

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hōʻike koko no ke kolamu ma ke wikiō i kēia ʻatikala.