Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hana o ka pancreas ma loko o ka intracretory a me ka exocrine.
Hoʻokomo ka hana o Intracecretory o ka hui i ka hana o nā hormones - insulin, somatostatin a me glucagon, nona ke kuleana o ka hāleʻoliʻu, protein a me ka momona momona.
Hoʻopili i ka hana huna o ka waho me ka hana o ka wai pancreatic, kahi i hoʻohui i nā enzymes e kāwili i ka meaʻai.
ʻO ke anatomical struktur o ka huelo
ʻO nā wehewehe kahiko loa o ka pancreas hiki mai iā mākou mai ka Talmud, i kapa ʻia ʻo "ka manamana lima o ke Akua."
A laila, i 1543, ua wehewehe ʻo Vesalius i ke ʻano anatomical o kēia ʻōpū, a ma 1642 ua aʻo ʻia ʻo Virsung i nā kumuhana nui ma ka kikoʻī.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka pancreas e like me ka nui o ka papale be lobed he ana he 80 g. Eia nō hoʻi kona paona i ke keiki hou he 2.5-3 g.
ʻAno kala ka hina i ka io. Aia ia ma ka peritoneum ma hope o ka ʻōpū a pili i ka duodenum 12.
ʻO nā pancreas kahi mau ʻāpana:
- Ulu. Pili i ka duodenum 12 a ʻo ka mea e hoʻopuni ai ka mea hope, e like hoʻi me nā kaʻe. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ia mai nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe e ka pua ma ke kahua o ka paena o ka wahī. ʻOiai mai ke poʻo aia kekahi kumuhana hou e kahe ana i loko o ka kumu nui a i loko o ka duodenum ma 60% o nā hihia.
- Nā kino. Loaʻa ia i ke kūlana o ka tapatapa, ka mea o ka alo o mua, ke kua a me ka ʻaoʻao o lalo. Aia ka anterior kokoke i ka ʻōpū, loaʻa i ka ʻōpū omental. Hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻenehana splenic i ka ʻaoʻao o mua a me ka pae. Ma lalo iho o ke aʻa o ka mesentery o ka kolone i ka papa haʻahaʻa.
- ʻO ka huelo. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā puka pā o ka spleen, aia ke ʻano o ka maka.
Holo aku ka wai nui i ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa o ke kino, e kahe ana i ka duodenum 12. ʻO ka pinepine ke kau ʻana i ka mana o ka bile a me ka pai o ka pancreatic duction, a hōʻiho ʻia lākou i loko o kahi ʻōpū a i ʻole ma kahi like.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona mikroskopika o ka huelo
Hōʻike ʻia ke kino e kekahi kohu loiloi tubular-alveolar. Kūkulu ʻia ka pahu kapili mai ka pili konohū e uhi ana i kona ihu. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pancreas i kahi ʻāina exocrine a me ka endocrine.
ʻO ka māhele exocrine o ke kola ka pancreatic acini a me nā kumu excretory. ʻO kēlā me kēia acinus, kahi hana kaila hoʻonohonoho hana, ʻelua mau cell - epithelial cells and exocrine pancreatitis.
Hōʻike ʻia ka hapa endocrine o nā kolo e nā mokupuni o Langerhans, ka inoa ma hope o ka mea kākau moʻolelo Kelemania a me anatomist. Aia lākou ma waena o ka acini a hoʻokumu ʻia i nā insulocytes. I waena o lākou:
- α-cells huna huna i ka glucagon;
- Nā ʻōnaehana B e hua ai ka insulin - kahi hormone e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kō koko;
- ʻO Somatostatin-hoʻohua i nā pūlima;
- Nā kelepona D1 - nā kumu o ka VIP;
- Nā kumuwaiwai PP e hoʻoiho i ka polypeptide pancreatic.
Ua ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi hou ʻana ma nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o gastrin, somatoliberin a me tyroliberin ma nā mokupuni o Langerhans.
Hola pancreatic
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ke pancreas he organ multifunctional, me ka ʻole o ka hana o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā ʻiole.
Hana ʻia ka pancreas me ka lawe ʻana i ka nui o nā hana i ke kino.
Hoʻohana ka hapa nui o ka poʻe endocrinologist i nā hana o ka kuhi hewa.
Penei ka hana a nā ʻĀpana:
- Humawai.
- Endocrine.
- Kelawa
- Na Aniani.
ʻO ka hiʻona o ka hana humoral ke kiʻi i ke kino i nā mea pono a pau mai ka meaʻai e hiki mai ana. Mahalo i kēia hana, hiki i ke kino ke hoʻoponopono i ka nui o ka wai o ka pancreatic. Eia kekahi, e pili ana ka pancreas i kēlā me kēia ʻano meaʻai, inā he momona a mālamalama paha, e hūnā ana i kekahi a i ʻole kekahi enzyme.
Hoʻopili ʻia ka hana Endocrine me ka hana huna o nā hormones - insulin, glucagon a somatostatin. Me ka nele o kekahi o ia mau mea, e kū mai ana nā maʻi koʻikoʻi.
Ke ʻōlelo nei ka hana ʻai ʻana iā ia iho. Ma waho o ka pancreas, ʻo ke kaʻina maʻamau e kū ʻole ai i ka ʻai. Ke huna nei ia i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o nā enzyme e hana i ka wai pancreatic. Hoʻokahi i ka duodenum me nā huaʻala ʻē aʻe, e like me ka pepsin, hoʻokaʻawale lākou i ka meaʻai. Ke hopena nei, ua lawe ʻia nā mea pōmaikaʻi a pau e ke koko ma o ke kino.
ʻIke ʻia ka hana o nā mea huna i hilo ʻia - ka waiū pancreatic. Hoʻokomo i nā ʻenehana kūlohelohe a me nā enzyme, e komo i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. Ma waho o ke kumu ʻole, hiki ʻole ke kaʻina o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka meaʻai, no ka mea, ma lalo o ka mana o ka waikawa hydrochloric, e hiolo wale ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū.
No laila, ʻo ka hana o nā pancreas i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka ʻaʻole hiki i ka overestimated. Hana ia i nā hana koʻikoʻi me ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i ke kanaka ke noho.
Ke ʻano o ka pancreas
Ma lalo o ka hopena o nā mea like ʻole e like me ke ʻano o ka makahiki, ka momona, ka wahine, nā ʻano maikaʻi ʻole, nā ʻano mea like me nā ʻano mea like ʻole.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻamau ka maʻi maʻamau o ka pancreatitis, kahi e hoʻopili ai i kahi hui o nā syndromes e pili ana i ka ʻaʻa ʻana o ke kino. Hoʻoulu ia ma muli o kaʻoiaʻiʻo ua pau ka wai pancreatic e kahe i loko o ka duodenum 12 a hoʻoikaika ʻia i loko o kahi kīwaha. Hoʻokomo nā enzymes kūikawā i ke kino ponoʻī, kahi e hoʻoiho ai i kona hōʻemi. Hiki i ka maʻi ke hana ma kekahi ʻano a me nā hanaʻeha. ʻO nā mea nui ka maʻi kāʻei, ka luaʻi, ka ʻōpū, ka nāwaliwali, ke hele palupalu, ke kāwili ʻia me ka momona a me nā ʻāpana o ka meaʻai i kapa ʻole.
ʻO ka maʻi diabetes mellitus ka lua o ka piʻi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma hope o ka momona. Hoʻonui pinepine ʻia nā kāne i kēia maʻi ma mua o ka wahine. Hoʻohālikelike ia e ka ʻāpana (type II) a i ʻole hoʻopau (type II) i ka pau ʻana o ka hana insulin. ʻAʻole maopopo ia ke kumu kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi, eia naʻe nā kumu nui i hiki ke hoʻopili i kāna hanana ʻana i ka mea kaupaona a me kahi predisposition genetic. Nā hōʻailona nui o ka maʻi mellitus o ka maʻi diabetes: polyuria, mau make ʻole, ka huhū, ka hiamoe maikaʻi ʻole, ka ʻeha, ke poʻo, ka ʻeha a me ka ʻāʻī ʻana i nā hiʻona o nā maʻi, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻike ʻike.
ʻO ka cystic fibrosis he ʻano hoʻoilina no ka hanauna, kahi i hōʻike ʻia e ke ʻano o kahi moʻomeheu o ke ʻano kuleana no ka hilo ʻana. A ʻo ka hopena, ʻeha nā ʻōpū āpau e huna ai i nā ʻōpū. ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau o ka fibrosis cystic he mau maʻi hanu pololi, polyps i loko o ka ihu o ka ihu, sinusitis maʻi, pancreatitis, a me ka hana ʻole ʻana o ka ea.
Hiki i nā benign ʻelua (pseudocysts) a me nā neoplasma malignan ke puka mai ka epithelium o nā papa dalu a i nā aila ʻole. ʻO kā lākou hōʻike ʻana me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hoʻoʻe o ka echo o kahi mea hoʻohana i ka ultrasound. Me ka hopena kūpono o ka pilikia, e ʻoluʻolu nui ka wānana.
ʻO nā loina o ka maʻi maʻi
Hoʻomaopopo i nā kuleana o ka pancreas, hiki i kekahi ke noʻonoʻo wale i ka nui o ka hōʻino ʻana o ke kino e lawe ai i kahi hala ʻole o kāna hana.
Inā ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka i ka manawa a mālama i kāna mau ʻōlelo aʻo a pau, hiki iā ʻoe ke lanakila i ka maʻi a hoʻihoʻi i ka hana pancreatic.
ʻO nā kumuhana nui o ka mālamaʻana o ka pancreatitis ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka ʻai ʻana No ka 5 (e like me ka Pevzner).
No ka mālamaʻana i ka pancreas, hiki i kahi loea ke kākau inoa:
- antispasmodics (No-Shpa);
- painkillers (Baralgin);
- antibiotics (Gentamicin, Ampicillin);
- aila enima (Pancreatin, Mezim);
- probiotics (Bactistatin, Lactobacterin);
- enterosorbents (carbon hoʻāla);
- nā huaora a me nā minelala.
Me ka maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi, pono eʻai nā mea maʻi i ka meaʻai kūpono, lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa. ʻO ke kumu o ke kauʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai i ka hōʻole ʻia o nā momona a me nā mea ʻai i nā meaʻai, a me nā meaʻai i kiʻekiʻe ka ʻai. E hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūlana o ka mea maʻi a hoʻemi i nā pae gula, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lawelawe hypoglycemic, no ka laʻana, Diabeton, Metformin a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka maʻi no ka cystic fibrosis he hōʻailona. Ke mālama nei i ka maʻi, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā mākia enzymatic, bronchodilators, antibiotics, corticosteroids a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Me ka hōʻeha kino o ka pūpū, hiki paha ke hoʻololi ʻia kahi mea hāʻawi manu.
I mea e hoʻokō nei ka pancreas i kāna mau hana, pono pono ia e pili i kahi meaʻai a me ke ʻano ikaika, a inā i loaʻa kekahi mau hōʻailona, e hoʻokō i ka mālama screening organ.
Kuhi ʻia nā hana o ka pancreas i ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.
