Insulin Glulisine: ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo, loiloi, analogues o ka lāʻau

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ʻO ka maʻi haneli mellitus he maʻi pōʻino e hiki ke hilinaʻi i ka insulin (type 1) a i ʻole kekahi hilinaʻi-insulin (type 2). I ka hopena hope loa, ua hoʻōla maikaʻi ʻia ka maʻi me ke kōkua o nā mea hoʻonā hypoglycemic a me kahi meaʻai kūikawā. Akā me ke ʻano o nā maʻi āpau a me nā maʻi diabetes ʻano 2 hoʻomaka, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻae ʻia ka lāʻau o ka insulin.

I ka manawa pinepine, nā maʻi me ka hoʻomau mau o ke kō i loko o ke koko i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka Glulizin insulin. ʻO kēia kahi hopena keʻokeʻo no ka maʻi maʻi, ka mea nui i hoʻohālikelike i ka insulin soluble o ke kanaka, i kūkulu ʻia me ka ʻenehana genetic.

He hopena pōkole ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kuhikuhi ana i ka hoʻolōʻihi wikiwiki o ka piʻi ʻana o ka glucose i loko o ke koko. Aia ʻo Apidra SoloStar a me Apidra i nā pono, kahi e hoʻopili ai i ka insulin Glulisin.

Pākuʻi lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka pharmacokinetics

ʻO ka hopena o ka hopena me ka hopena hypoglycemic pōkole. Eia kekahi, hoʻowalewale ia i ke kaʻina o kaʻili o ka glucose i nā kikoo peripheral (momona, nā ʻīwī a nāu), kaohi ʻana i ke kaʻina o ka hana glucose i loko o ka ate.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoulu i ka synt synt protein, pale i ka proteolysis a me ka lipolysis i loko o adipocytes. Ma hope o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa subutanutan, hoʻemi ʻia nā haʻahaʻa o ke kō ma hope o 10-20 mau minuke.

I ka hihia o ka hoʻokele iv, ua hoʻohālikelike ka hopena hypoglycemic i ka hana a ka insulin kanaka. No laila, ma nā hopena o ka hana pono, he like 1 IU o insulin Glulisin e like me ka 1 IU o ka soluble like kanaka.

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka insulin kanaka, ua ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻelua ʻo Glulisin i ka wikiwiki. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka acid asparagine amino acid (kūlana 3B) me ka lysine, a me ka lysine (kūlana 29B) me ka waikawa glutamic.

Ma hope o ka hoʻomalu sc:

  1. i ka ʻūhā - medium;
  2. i ka pā o ka ʻōpū - wikiwiki;
  3. i ka poʻohiwi - waena.

ʻO ka bioavailability piha loa he 70%. I ka mea i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā wahi like ʻole, like ia a me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma waena o nā mea maʻi (loli ka nui o 11%).

I ka manawa e lawelawe ai i ka subcutaneously me ka maʻi type o ka maʻi 1, 0.15 U / kg TCmax he 55 mau minuke, a ʻo kg Cmax he 80.7-83.3 μU / ml. I ka lua o nā maʻi ma hope o ka hoʻokele sc o ka lāʻau ma ka maʻa o 0.2 PIECES / kg, Cmax ʻo 91 mcU / ml.

I loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoili ʻōnaehana, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manawa ākea he 98 min. Me nā mea / i ka hoʻomaka, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻoilina he 13 lita, T1 / 2 - 13 mau minuke. AUC - 641 mg x h / dl.

ʻO nā pharmacokinetics i ka maʻi maʻi ma lalo o nā makahiki 16 i loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi mua e like like me nā pākeke. Me ka hoʻokele sc T1 / 2 mai 37 a 75 mau minuke.

Nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Hoʻohana ʻia ka Insulin Glulisin ma ka subcutaneously, ua koho ʻia ka nui o kēia ka wae no kēlā me kēia maʻi. Hoʻomaʻi ʻia ka injection i 0-15 mau minuke. ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Glulisin i nā regimens therapeutic, e komo pū ana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka insulin mea ʻōlelo ʻole a lōʻihi paha, a i kā lākou mau analogues. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana pū i ka lāʻau i hui pū me ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa ka hopena hypoglycemic, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka laʻa.

Hoʻopono ʻia ka hoʻonā ʻana ma ke ʻano o kahi hōʻona a subcutaneous a infusion paha me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pamu insulin. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōkuhi ma nā wahi o ke poʻohiwi, ʻūhā, paia o ka ʻōpū. A ʻo ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā kālā ma o ka infusion mau e lawe ʻia i ka peritoneum.

Pono nā hoʻololi o nā panina a me nā infusion i kēlā me kēia manawa. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ke kīpē ʻana, ka hoʻomaka a me ka lōʻihi o ka hopena e hoʻoholo ʻia e nā ʻano like ʻole (ke kino kino, kahi o ka hoʻokele). No ka lohi o ka wikiwiki, pono e paʻi ʻia ka lāʻau i loko o kahi o ka mua o ka pā o ka ʻōpū.

He mea nui e makaʻala e ʻaʻole e komo ka insulin Glulisin i loko o nā moku koko. No laila, e hoʻomālamalama i kēlā me kēia maʻi maʻi i ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka insulin. Ma hope o ke keʻakeʻa, ʻaʻole pāpā ʻia ka pūnaewele i ka wā hoʻomaha.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo Glulisin e hui pū ʻia me Isofan (kanaka ʻona), akā pono e kiʻi ʻo Glulisin i loko o ka syringe mua. Pono e hoʻokō ʻia ʻo ka hoʻoponopono SC ma hope o ke kāwili ʻana i ke ʻano. I kēia hihia, pāpā ʻia ke kāwili ʻana ʻo Isofan a me Glulisin e mālama ʻia ma ka intravenously.

Inā mālama ʻia ka insulin Glulisin e hoʻohana nei i kahi pāk, a laila e hoʻololi ʻia ka pahu i kēlā me kēia 4 hola, e pili ana i nā kānāwai antiseptic. Me ke ala infusion o ka hoʻokele, ʻaʻole pono ke kāwili ʻia ka lāʻau me nā hana a i ʻole nā ​​insulins.

Ma ka hihia pono ʻole o ka pākiki a i ʻole ke hoʻoponopono ʻana i kāna hana, hiki i ka ketoacidosis maʻi maʻi maʻi, hiki i nā hanana hyperglycemia a i ʻole ketosis. I mea e pale ai i ke ʻano o ia mau ʻano, ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kaʻina hana, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo pono i nā lula no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana a me ka noʻonoʻo pono ʻana i ka dosis.

Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻonā, pono ʻoe e nānā i kona ʻano, ke kala a hoʻoliʻi no ka ʻike ʻole ʻole o nā ʻōpala haole. Inā popo ka huahana, waiho ʻia a kīnā paha me nā kīnā, a laila pāpā ʻia ʻo ia.

Nā hiʻohiʻona, nā hopena ʻaoʻao, overdose

ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia ke Insulin Glulizin e mālama i nā keiki ma lalo o 6 mau makahiki o ka makahiki, me ka hypoglycemia a me ka hypersensitivity i kāna mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka hopena maʻamau e hōʻike ai i ka hypoglycemia. Nā mea hoʻonāukiuki kūloko a me nā maʻi kūlohelohe hiki nō hoʻi.

I kekahi manawa hele mai nā hōʻailona neuropsychiatric, e like me ka hiamoe, nui ka māhuahua, ka nāwaliwali mau, nā kīʻaha, a me ka lua. ʻO ke poʻo, ka hemahema o ka ʻāʻī ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka pīhoihoi a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻike.

I ka manawa pinepine, ma mua o nā maʻi neuropsychiatric, hele mai nā hōʻailona o ka adrenergic counterregulation. ʻO ka pōloli kēia, huhū, tachycardia, hopohopo hauʻoli, ke kāwele maloʻo, ka hopohopo, ka pīhoihoi o ka ʻili a me ka haʻalulu.

He mea nui ia e ʻike ʻia ana he mau hōʻeha koʻikoʻi o ka hypoglycemia, ke hoʻomau mau nei, e alakaʻi ana i ka pōʻino i ka NS. Eia kekahi, i kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke hopena paha i ka make.

Ma ka liʻiliʻi o ka hāʻule o ka nui o ke kō, hiki ke hōʻemi ʻia nā hopena kūloko i nā wahi i hana ʻia ai ka maʻi. Hoʻopili kēia i ka hyperemia, kaʻai ʻana a me ka hanai lima, pinepine lākou i kēia mau hōʻike i ka wā o ka mālama hou ʻana. ʻO kekahi manawa, ma muli o ka hoʻokō ʻole ʻole ʻana i ka loli o kahi o ka hoʻokele o ka insulin, e hoʻomohala ʻia kahi maʻi maʻi lipodystrophy.

Hiki i nā hōʻailona ʻōnaehana o ka hypersensitivity:

  • huu
  • urticaria;
  • dermatitis kūlohelohe;
  • humā nā ʻili;
  • hakulua.

Hiki i ka nui o nā maʻi kūlohelohe i hōʻeha.

I ka hihia o kahi overdose, hiki i ka hypoglycemia o nāʻokoʻa like ʻole. Me kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ke kō koko, pono e inu ka mea maʻi i nā mea inu a i ʻole nā ​​huahana i loaʻa ka kō.

I kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi loa a me ka nalowale o ka ʻike, s / c i a i / m e lawelawe ia Dextrose a i Glucagon paha. I ka wā e loaʻa ai ka mea maʻi i ka ʻike, pono ia e hoʻopau i nā palaka, e pale ʻole i ka hoʻi.

Hoʻopili pū kekahi me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻōlelo kūikawā

Me ka hui pū ʻana o ka insulin Glulisin me ka ACE / MAO inhibitors, Disopyramide, fibrates, sulfonamides, salicylates a me Propoxyphene, hoʻonui ʻia ka hopena hypoglycemic a me ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hypoglycemia i hoʻonui.

ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka insulin me nā inhibitor protease, Danazole, antipsychotics, Salbutamol, Terbutaline, isoniazids, Epinephrine, Diazoxide, diuretics, Somatropin a me nā derothiazine derivatives e hana ʻole i ka hopena hypoglycemic liʻiliʻi i ka haʻi ʻia. ʻO Clonidine, nā beta-blockers, ethanol a me nā paʻakai lithium e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hopena o ka hoʻohana ʻana o Glulisin. A me ka hoʻohana pū ʻana o ka lāʻau me Pentamidine hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hypoglycemia a me ka hyperglycemia.

ʻO nā loiloi o nā maʻi maʻi e haʻi ana inā ke hoʻohana nei i nā mea hana e hōʻike i ka hana simpatholytic, hiki ke hoʻomāliʻi ʻia ka hōʻailona o ka hoʻoweliweli hou ʻana o adrenergic ʻO ia mau lāʻau kanu ka clonidine a me guanethidine.

Inā hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka mea maʻi i kekahi ʻano like ʻole o ka insulin a lāʻau lapaʻau paha mai kahi mea hana hou, a laila pono e hana ʻia ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana i nā kauka. He mea kūpono ke hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i kahi hewa a i ʻole ke hoʻopau ʻana i ka maʻi insulin e hoʻomohala i ka ketoacidosis maʻi maʻi a me ka hypoglycemia.

Eia kekahi, hiki i kekahi mau kūlana ke hoʻololi a hana i nā hōʻailona o ka hypoglycemia i ʻōlelo ʻia. Nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona ka:

  1. ka lōʻihi o ke kauka;
  2. ka ulu ʻana o nā lāʻau me ka insulin;
  3. ka hoʻokaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi mai kahi holoholona i kahi hāmeʻa kanaka;
  4. lawe ana i kekahi mau laau;
  5. neuropathy maʻi maʻi.

Ke hoʻololi nei i ka ʻai a i ʻole e hana ai he pono e hoʻololi i ka nui o ka insulin. Eia nō naʻe, inā e lawelawe koke ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope o nā haʻuki, a laila kiʻekiʻe ka hopena o ka hypoglycemia.

E pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka insulin Glulisin i ka wā hāpai, pono ke hoʻokokoke ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka makaʻala nui loa, me ka ulu ʻana o ka glycemia i ka maʻi type type 2 a me ka mea mua. Eia kekahi, i nā 3 mau mahina ma mua o ka hānau ʻana a ma hope iho o ka hānau keiki, hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka insulin. I ka wā o ka hānai, pono nō e koi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana.

ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o nā hoʻonā no ka hoʻokele sc e pili ana i ka insulin Glulisin mai 1720 a 2100 rubles.

Hōʻike ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala e pehea e hoʻopili ai i ka insulin subcutaneously.

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