LDL cholesterol: nā pae koko maʻamau

ʻO LDL ka liʻiliʻi haʻahaʻa lipoprotein cholesterol. ʻO ia ka mea ka nui o ka hele ʻana i ke kolamu ma ke kino. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kēia waiwai me nā p-lipoproteins, ka mea i hana ʻia i loko o ka pāpī liʻiliʻi a me ka puʻuwai.

I ke koko o ke kanaka, ʻo LDL cholesterol i lawe i nā momona (me ka kolamu) mai ka pūpū a me ka papa. Aia i kekahi manaʻo he kūpono ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka LDL me ka hopena o ka ulu ʻana o ka atherosclerosis ma mua o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka kolamu. Ua wehewehe ʻo ia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma o ka mea ʻo ia ka māhele haʻawina i kuleana no ka hiki ʻana i ka kolamu ma nā mea āpau a me nā kīʻaha.

Hāʻawi ʻia i ke kūlana pathological o ka endothelium vascular, i kū mai ma muli o nā ʻano like ʻole (ke kiʻekiʻe homocysteine, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ke kīpē o ka uahi o ka tapaa, ka mea i komo i ke kino i ka waʻa), ua ʻike ʻia kahi hopu.

Nā pā LDL o nā pā o nā kahe koko. Eia kekahi, ua loli lākou ma lalo o ka mana o nā kūlana kūloko o ke kaʻina a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pli atherosclerotic e hoʻopili i ka lumen i loko o nā moku a hoʻokō i ka trombosis, kahi pōpilikia nui no ka maʻi mellitus.

Aia nā ʻōhua pilikia e pili ana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka atherosclerosis ka:

• na makahiki o na kane mai 45 makahiki aku, a he wahine mai 55;
• heredity (nā hihia o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai a i ʻole make koke i ka kāne ma lalo o 55 a me nā wahine ma lalo o 65);
• diabetes mellitus;
• ulaula;
• haʻi maʻi

Inā ma kahi e hōʻea kekahi o kēia mau mea kūpono i ka maʻi, a laila nā hōʻailona i makemake ʻia o ka kolamu LDL i ke koko nā mea ma lalo o 3.37 μmol / L.

ʻO nā waiwai āpau i ka pae mai 3.37 a 4.12 μmol / L e manaʻo ʻia he mea koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka atherosclerosis moder. ʻO nā kikoʻī āpau i kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o 4.14 mmol / L e manaʻo ʻia he wahi kiʻekiʻe o ke ʻano o ka nui o ka maʻi ʻeha coronary, me ka atherosclerosis.

He aha ka mea nui o ka hoʻopaʻa LDL?

E like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia, ma ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa lipoprotein cholesterol paʻa kahi pilina pili me ka hopena o ka ulu ʻana i ka atherosclerosis. No kēia kumu, he mea nui loa ka hoʻoholo mua ʻana inā no ka papa akoranga paha.

I ka nānāʻana o kēia, pono e hoʻokaʻawale i ka kolamu LDL, ʻo ia ka maxherally atherogen no kekahi mau kumu.

Lawe ʻia ka LDL cholesterol i ka 2/3 o ka nui o ka plasma a ʻo ia ka mea e momona aʻe ana i ka cholesterol. Hiki i kānaikona ke piʻi a hiki i 45 a 50 paha paha.

Ma ka hoʻoholoʻana i ka beta-cholesterol, e hoʻoholo ʻia nā kauka me ka kolamu LDL. ʻO ka nui o kona mau ʻāpana e pili ana i 21-25 nm, e ʻae ana i ka haʻahaʻa-low-cholesterol (HDL) e komo i loko o nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko me ka haʻalulu kiʻekiʻe. Inā hiki ke haʻalele koke iā HDL mai nā paia ma o ka paʻa endothelial, e kōkua ana e hōʻola i nā momona, a laila lohi ka LDL i ka wā lōʻihi i loko o lākou. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka pili pili selele no nā lau sela kiko a me nā glucose-aminoglycans.

ʻO ka kolamu LDL ka mea nui o ka lawe ʻana i nā kolamu, ʻo ia ka mea e pono ai i nā paia o nā pali vascular. I ka wā e loaʻa mai nā kūlana patologis, e lilo ia i kumu no ka hōʻuluʻulu o ka kolamu ma nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko.

No kēia kumu, i ka lua o ka hyperlipoproteinemia, i hōʻike ʻia e nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka beta-kolesterol, i hoʻomaka mua a me ka haʻi ʻia o ka atherosclerosis, a me ka maʻi ʻōpio coronary, ʻike pinepine ʻia.

ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka kolamu LDL lilo i ʻike nui. Inā ʻike ʻia nā kuhi koʻikoʻi mai ke kumu maʻamau, a laila hiki iā mākou ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi.

He aha nā mea maʻi e hana ai ka LDL cholesterol?

Nui kekahi mau hōʻailona no ka ʻike ʻana i ka kolamu LDL, no ka laʻana:

1. atherosclerosis a me kekahi mau maʻi e pili ana me ia (myocardial infarction, coronary heart heart);
2. maʻi ate
3. nā haʻawina loiloi e ulu ʻia ma kahi ʻina o nā hana ʻē aʻe no ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻōlelo lipid kanaka.

Pono kahi hōʻike o ka LDL cholesterol e nānā a hoʻomaikaʻi paha i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā hana o ke ate, me nā mea ʻokoʻa o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular. ʻAʻole hāʻawi kēia loiloi no ka hoʻomākaukau kūikawā.

Pono ʻoe e hana ma ka ʻōpū ʻole, a pono e hana ʻia ka ʻai hope ma mua o 12-14 mau hola ma mua o ka hōʻike hoʻāʻo.

Ma kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, e lawe ʻia ka serum koko, a e mālama ka loiloi i 24 mau hola.

Pehea e hoʻoponopono ai i nā hopena iā ʻoe iho?

I mea e ʻike ai i nā hopena o ka loiloi ma mua o kāu kipa ʻana i kāu kauka, pono ʻoe e noi i ka papa ma lalo. K; Eia kekahi, aia kahi polokalamu no ke ana ʻana i ka cholesterol, i hiki i ka home ke hiki iā ʻoe ke pane i kāna waihona.

ʻO ke ʻano hoʻoholo, i lawe ʻia ʻo ia ke kumu, he helu kau ʻia e like me ka ʻano o Friedwald. ʻO nā waiwai i hoʻohanaʻia:

• huakini piha;
• triglycerides;
• Hōʻikeʻike HDL.

ʻO nā waiwai LDL me ka triglyceridemia koʻikoʻi (ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka 5.0 - 5.5 mmol / L) e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻēmi ʻia.

Nā Kūlana Kūlana:

Inā, ma muli o ke aʻo ʻana, loaʻa nā ʻikepili i ʻoi aku ma luna o ke kūlana paʻa, a laila ma kēia hihia hiki iā mākou ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā maʻi.

• jaundice ahipi;
• ahonui;
• hoʻoilina hoʻoilina mua nā ʻano hypercholesterolemia (nā ʻano hyperlipoproteinemia IA, a me nā ʻano IIB) hoʻi, nā ʻōmua mua o nā moku coronary, tendon xanthoma;
• diabetes mellitus;
• hypothyroidism;
• nephrotic syndrome, ʻaʻole hoʻi i ka pono o ka renal i ka pauku;
• anorexia nervosa;
• ʻO ka maʻi Itsenko-Cush.

E hōʻilio ʻia nā hōʻailona i ka wā hapai, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau (diuretics, contraceptives tablet, androgens, glucocorticosteroids, progestins), a me kahi papaʻai i nui loa ka pū me ka lipids a me ka kolamu.

ʻO kahi hōʻailona ma lalo o ke ʻano ka hoʻohālikelike o nā maʻi.

1. hyperthyroidism;
2. ʻO ke ʻano o Reine;
3. anemia;
4. ʻO ka pale waiwai mua o ka momona o ka momona o ka momona (hypobetaproteinemia, abetaproteinemia, kakino alpha-lipoprotein, hema loa LAT (lecithin cholesterol acyl syaseatase), ʻano 1 hyperlipoproteinemia, hemahema lipoprotein lipase cofactor);
5. pilikia lipid metabolism;
6. nā pilikia koʻikoʻi;
7. kuʻi;
8. myeloma
9. nā pilikia kīpē.

ʻO kahi hopena ʻē aʻe e loaʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (lovastatin, interferon, cholestyramine, thyroxine, neomycin, estrogen), a me kekahi meaʻai me nā momona momona o ka polyunsaturated, akā maikaʻi i ka lipids a me ka cholesterol.