Nā Papa Kūʻai o Cholesterol no nā Wahine a me nā kāne

Ua hōʻike ʻia i nā haʻahaʻaina he hōʻike ʻo ke ʻano o ke kolamu o ke koko he mea koʻikoʻi i ka pale ʻana o nā maʻi cardiovascular. ʻO ko mākou ola a me nā mea kūpono no ka makahiki waena e hoʻopili pololei i ko mākou olakino ma ka wā kahiko. ʻO nā kānaka i 55 makahiki, a ʻo ka poʻe i ola me ka kolamu kiʻekiʻe no nā makahiki he ʻumi, aia he 4 ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hōʻeha o ka puʻuwai ma mua o ko lākou mau hoa maʻi, i mālama lākou i kā lākou kolamu ma nā manawa āpau. ʻO kā Cholesterol he māhele koʻikoʻi o ko mākou koko. Hoʻokumu ʻia kona kiʻekiʻe i nā kumu he nui: ka makahiki, ka wahine a me nā ʻano maʻamau. E noʻonoʻo i nā mea i manaʻo ʻia e hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano maʻamau, a pehea lā e hoʻokō ai ia.

Nā ʻano o Cholesterol

ʻO ka kololi he māhele hoʻohui o nā paia o nā pūpau, aia ia ma ke kino o nā holoholona āpau. Pono kēia lāʻau no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā membrane cell, synt synt o nā waika bile a me ka vitamina D. Hoʻopili pū kekahi me ka hana ʻana o nā nui he nui: estrogen, cortisol, testosterone a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kolamu (75-80%) i hoʻoili ʻia i loko o ko mākou kino. Ma ka ʻai e hele mai ma mua o 20%.

ʻO Cholesterol he pūpū momona huihue i loko o ke koko kanaka. No ka hōʻoia ʻana i kona kaʻi ʻana ma o nā moku i nā mea āpau o ke kino, ua hāʻawi ka mea kūlohelohe i nā kahu ʻai ʻokoʻa kūikawā i hana i nā pūhui paʻakikī me ka cholesterol - lipoproteins

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi a me nā hoʻohaʻahaʻa manaʻo e hana ia i ka wā ma mua

• Ka hana maʻamau o ke kō -95%
• Hoʻokuʻuina o ka pua thrombosis - 70%
• Hoʻopau i kahi puʻuwai ikaika -90%
• Hoʻopau i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko - 92%
• ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka ikehu i ka wā, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hiamoe i ka pō -97%

Aia kekahi mau ʻano he lipoproteins:

1. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (LDL no ka pōkole, hiki i ke LDL ke kuhikuhi ʻia ma nā loiloi). ʻO kēia palapela, kahi i hoʻopilikia kino i ka moku'āina nā moku koko, i kapa ʻia ʻo ia he "hewa." ʻAʻole i like me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e maʻalahi ka luku ʻana o ka LDL, ka nui o ka kolamu ma nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko a hana i nā pālaʻi ma luna o lākou. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka LDL kiʻekiʻe i ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā loli atherosclerotic.
2. Ka palena kiʻekiʻe (i hoʻopili ʻia ʻo HDL, a i ʻole HDL assays). ʻO kēia ka cholesterol maikaʻi "maikaʻi". ʻAʻole ia i hoʻohālikelike wale i nā pākeke atherosclerotic, akā e hakakū pū iā lākou: hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka kolikole maikaʻi mai nā paia o nā ʻalopala, a ma hope o ke kāʻili ʻia ʻana o ke koko me ke kōkua o nā aʻa. Inā maʻamau ka HDL, e ola maikaʻi nā moku.

ʻAʻole hāʻawi i ka ʻike nui o ke kolamu ma ke koko e ʻike i nā pilikia olakino. ʻOi aku ka mea nui ma mua o ke kaupaona ʻana ma waena o nā ʻano ʻelua. ʻO ka palu ʻana o kēia kaulike i kapa ʻia ʻo dyslipidemia. ʻAʻohe hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole i nā hōʻailona o ka dyslipidemia, hiki ke ʻike wale ʻia i kahi lāʻau. No kēia, ʻo kahi loiloi koko biochemical "Lipids", "Lipidogram" a i ʻole he "Lipid profile" i manaʻo ʻia.

I nā hihia lohi, hiki ke kahakaha ke keke mai ke kumu inā loaʻa he xanthomas - nā pulu melemele liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka maʻamau ka waiho ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili ma nā lima, nā wāwae, nā ʻili, a puni nā maka. I nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, kau ʻia ka kolamu ma nā kihi o ka ʻiʻo o ka maka, i hana ʻia i ka puʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo.

Nā hoʻonohonoho paʻa

I mea e ʻike ai ʻo wai ke ʻano o ke kolamu o ke koko he palekana no ke olakino, pono mākou e hana i nā hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko i nā tausani o nā mea maʻi. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi pilina ma waena o kēia mau kuhikuhi me ka makahiki, ka wahine, ka kiʻekiʻe o ke hormonal, ka lāhui, a me ke ʻano:

1. ʻOi aku ka pākaukau i nā pākeke ma mua o nā keiki ʻōpio a me nā keiki.
2. I ka elemakule, hoʻonui ka nui o ka cholesterol, aʻo ka nui o ka pilikia o nā vascular pathologies e hoʻonui aʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka kolamu ma nā kāne i ka ʻelemakule e haʻahaʻa, a i ka wahine i ulu a hiki i ka hopena o ke ola.
3. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kumukūʻai i nā wahine'ōpiopio ma mua o nā kāne. Eia naʻe, loaʻa iā lākou kahi haʻahaʻa o ka atherosclerosis, ka mea i pili me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka wahine o ke ʻano o ka wahine wahine.
4. Inā hoʻohālikelike ka synthesis o ke hormon, no ka laʻana, me ka hypothyroidism, e hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻano o ka cholesterol.
5. I ka wahine hāpai a i ka lua o ka heleʻana o ka menstrual cycle, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol ma mua o ka mea maʻamau.
6. Me ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka menopause, ke piʻi ka kolamu ma nā wahine.
7. I ka hoʻoilo, piʻi ka nui o nā kāne ma ke ʻano he 3%.
8. Loaʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka Pākīkia i ka nui o ka kolamu ma mua o nā ʻAiwi.

He hiki ʻole ke mālama i ka pilina pili like ʻole, no laila he mea maʻamau i loko o nā limahana ke hoʻohālikelike i ka hopena me nā papa maʻalahi i manaʻo ʻia i ka makahiki a i ʻole ka makahiki a me nā kāne. Hiki i nā pāʻina helu 2 ke ana: mmol / l; mg / dl. 1 mg / dl = 38.5 mmol / L.

ʻO kahi hōʻike o kēia papaʻaina e ka makahiki:

ʻOi aku nā kiʻekiʻe mau no nā pākeke ma mua o 7 mmol / L (270 mg / dl) no nā kolamu a pau, 5 mmol / L (≈200 mg / dl) no ka "maikaʻi ʻole".

E hoʻomaopopo no ka hōʻike ʻana o ka papa i ka palena o lalo o keʻano ma ka makahiki. ʻO ka nele o ka kolamu ma ke koko ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka maʻi ma mua o ka momona, akā ʻaʻole ia e hōʻemi. ʻO ka pale o ka lipoproteins e hoʻopōʻino i ka nīnao pololi, hiki ke pili i ka ʻōnaehana hormonal a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoponopono. ʻO nā kumu o kēia hōʻino ke maʻi nui, nā hōʻeha hōʻeha, nā anemia, nā lāʻau lapaʻau (kekahi mau hormones, immunomodulators, antidepressants).

Norm no nā kāne

ʻO Angina pectoris, ʻeha ka hōʻeha a me nā maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe e ʻike ʻia ke kāne. I ka wahine ikaika, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pilina ma waena o ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe a me ka atherosclerosis ma mua o nā wahine. He haʻahaʻa nā ʻōkuhi maʻamau i nā kāne i ka wā ʻōpio, ma hope o 30 mau makahiki e hoʻonui nui lākou.

ʻO nā ʻikepili e pili ana i nā waiwai lipoprotein i ʻae ʻia i ka papa ʻaina:

Norm no nā wahine

Loaʻa ke ʻano o ka kolamu ma ke koko o nā wahine, ua hāʻawi ʻia nā ikepili i nā makahiki:

Ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka paʻakikī i ka helu ʻana i ka nui o nā lipoproteins i ka maʻamau i loko o nā kāne, ʻoiai puka i ka ʻōuli o ka hormonal e pili nui ana i nā pae kolesterol. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka menopause, ua ulu nui ka ʻike lipid. Inā hana ʻia ka menopause e ke hōʻino, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā loli.

No nā wahine o nā makahiki hānau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pilina ma waena o ke kolamu koko nui a me nā maʻi cardiovascular ma mua o nā wāhine kahiko, no laila, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā mea papa. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka hemahema o ka HDL no nā wahine'ōpio i mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka LDL.

Norm no nā keiki

Kūkā pinepine ʻia nā lipids koko i nā lālā o ka ʻohana like. ʻO ka hana nui ma kēia mea e hoʻokani ʻia e ka pili ola a me nā hana, nā meaʻai like. Eia nō naʻe, he kumu hoʻoilina. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ka Genes me kahi predisposition e hiki i ka dyslipidemia i hoʻouna ʻia mai ka makua a i ke keiki.

ʻO ka hapalua o nā keiki i loaʻa i nā huaʻa lapaʻau maikaʻi mai kekahi o nā mākua e loaʻa ke kolikole ma ka wā ʻelemakule. Hoʻonui nui loa lākou i ka maʻi ʻōpū coronary ma ka makahiki 65.

ʻO kahi koho ʻoi loa ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi predisposition ma kahi o nā mākua. I kēia hihia, ʻike ʻia kahi hōʻailona o ka pae o ke kolamu mai ka maʻamau i ke wā ʻōpio, hiki i ka infococose myocardial ke hiki i ka wā ʻōpio.

Inā loaʻa kahi liʻiliʻi o kahi o nā mākua i nā lipids koko, ua manaʻo ʻia e lawe nā keiki āpau i nā hōʻike.

He aha ka ʻano o ka cholesterol o nā keiki:

ʻO kahi hui

ʻO ka meaʻoi aku o ka kolamu ʻo "kino" i ke koko o ke kanaka he hopena o nā mea he nui:

1. ʻO 45 mau makahiki no nā kāne, 55 no nā wahine.
2. Hoʻonui kahe nui (luna o luna ≥ 140) a i ʻole kaomi maʻamau me ka hoʻohana mau ʻana i nā lāʻau antihypertensive.
3. E hoʻemi i ka paukū o ka "maikaʻi" kolamu a 1 mmol / l ma lalo. Eia ka ʻike pili ʻole: inā he kiʻekiʻe ʻo HDL ma mua o 1.6, ua maʻamau pinepine ke kanaka LDL cholesterol maʻamau.
4. Na ulaula.
5. Heredity: hōʻoia i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol i nā mākua, ka maʻi o ka maʻi puʻuwai coronary i loko o lākou ma lalo o ke mau makahiki he 60.
6. ʻO ka heleʻana o nā maʻi: hypothyroidism, maʻi mellitus, maʻi maʻi gallstone.
7. Hoʻohana lōʻihi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻonui ai i ka cholesterol koko: MAO inhibitors, diuretics, interferon, etc.
8. ʻO nā pae o ka momona o nā holoholona i ka meaʻai.
9. ʻO ka hana Sedentary, hana haʻahaʻa, nā mea maʻi bedridden.
10. Nā ʻilima
11. ʻO ke kaumaha kaumaha, ma muli o ka hopena i ka hoʻonāukiuki a me nā mea hoʻonāukiuki liʻiliʻi.

Nā Palapala Hoʻololi Cholesterol

ʻO nā mea maʻi me ka wehe ʻana o ka lipoproteins mai ke kumu ke kuhikuhi ʻia i kahi hoʻokolokolo hohonu. E noʻonoʻo e hāʻawi i ke koko i nā helu pākahi o ka cholesterol i mea e ʻike ai kekahi o nā ʻano like i pili i ka hoʻonui o ka kolamu. Ma ka lua o kahi, ʻaʻole i haʻalele ʻia nā maʻi e kū i ke kolamu koko. No ka hana i kēia, hana i ka KLA, ka nānā ʻana biochemical: koko no ke kō, ka nui o ka protein, ka uric acid, ka mea hana, TSH. Inā ʻike ʻia nā maʻi hoʻohālikelike, e mālama ʻia lākou.

Hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia i ke kōkolila ma ʻelua mau ala.: loli ka nohona a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻolaʻa i lalo i ka LDL, ka maʻamau mau statins. Ua mamao loa nā statins i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻole. Loaʻa iā lākou nā contraindications, nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole. No laila, ka mea mua, hoʻomaka lākou me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau o dyslipidemia, a me ke ʻano ʻole o ka hana pono o kēia mau hana, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā statins.

Nā ala e hoʻokō ai i nā pae maʻamau o LDL i ke koko:

1. Hoʻopiha piha loa i ka uahi ikaika a me ka nui o ka hōʻalo ʻana i ka peka (inhalation o ka uahi). Ka hoole ʻana i ka waiʻona.
2. ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kaumaha kiʻekiʻe.
3. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha i ka maʻamau ma o ka kau ʻana ʻana i ka helu calorie.
4. Nā kālele, mau i ka ea hou a i ʻole kahi hāmama maikaʻi. ʻO ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ke aʻo ʻana e hoʻoholo ʻia e ke kauka, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā maʻi i noho ʻia.
5. Lipid-hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka meaʻai.

Nā kuʻuna o ka meaʻai: