Ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hopena o ka loiloi no ka hemoglobin glycosylated: no ke aha i hoʻonui ʻia ai ka ʻaihue a i hōʻemi paha, a no ke aha ia e pōʻino ai?

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Manaʻo ʻia no ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka hemoglobin glycosylated e manaʻo ʻia ana kekahi o nā kaʻina hana nui. ʻO ka mea nui loa no ka poʻe e loaʻa ana ka maʻi e like me ka maʻi maʻi.

ʻOiai ʻo ia e loaʻa ai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hopena no ka hemoglobin glycosylated.

ʻO ka wehe ʻana i nā waiwai o ke kaohi kālā no ka hemoglobin glycosylated

ʻO Hemoglobin kahi protein i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā wahi koko ʻula e hāʻawi i ka oxygen i nā selela i ke kino. Hoʻohui pū ʻia me nā molula glucose, mai laila ke alo o ia mea e like me ka hemoglobin glycosylated.

Aia ʻekolu ʻano nui o ka hemoglobin:

  • HbA1a;
  • HbA1b;
  • a me HbA1c.

ʻO ia ke ʻano hope o ka hōʻailona e hoʻoholo ai i ke kau ʻana a i ʻole hemahema o kahi maʻi maʻi e like me ka maʻi maʻi. ʻAʻohe pilikia paʻakikī loa ma ka wehewehe ʻana i ka lima i hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻikepili no kēia kuhikuhi.

ʻO nā waiwai a HbA1c e hōʻike ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose koko ma ke ʻano e pae nei:

  • mai 4 a 6%. Me kēlā mau ʻōlima, ʻaʻohe hewa mai ka maʻamau, ke hana nei nā kaʻina metabolic āpau. No mellitus maʻiʻaʻai;
  • mai 6 a 7%. ^ E Ha yM. Ke kū mai nei kahi kūlana prediabetes. Hoʻonui ʻia ka hopena o ka maʻi diabetes;
  • mai ka 7 a ka 8%. ^ E Ha yM. Ma kēia pae momona, hiki i ka maʻi diabetes ke hana i nā hōʻeha i pilikia no ke kino;
  • 10% a kiʻekiʻe aʻe. ^ E Ha yM. Me kēia ʻōhumu, hoʻonui kahi ala hoʻēmi i ka maʻi maʻamau, kahi hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia i nā hoʻopiʻi i pau ʻole.
Hoʻoholo ʻia ka Diagnosis o ka hoʻokolohua ma ka noiʻi noiʻi o kēia wā i ka index hemoglobin no nā mahina ʻekolu i hala.

Hoʻohui ʻia e ka makahiki

ʻO ke kumu o ka HbA1c ʻaʻole i kau wale i ka makahiki o ke kanaka, akā ke kaukau ʻia i kona ʻano. I ka awelika, hōʻike manaʻo ʻia he 4 mai ka 6%. ^ E Ha yM. Ma ke kānāwai, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wāhine.

ʻO kā lākou kūlana he 135 g no ka 1 liter. ʻO nā kāne ʻōpio ma lalo o 30 mau makahiki he glucose ka nui o ka glucose o 4-5.5%. A hiki i ka 50 makahiki, e manaʻo ʻia ka 6.5% no ke kumu maʻamau, akā no nā kāne kahiko mai ka 50 makahiki a ʻoi aku paha e 7% ia.

Ma hope o 40 mau makahiki, hoʻomaka nā hapanui o ke ʻano ikaika a loaʻa ka kaumaha nui loa, e hōʻike ana i nā maʻi metabolic. A lilo ʻo ia i ka mea kumu o ka maʻi diabetes. No laila, i kēia wā, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e nānā a hoʻopaʻa i kēlā me kēia manawa i kahi loiloi e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano o ka glucose.

ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā wahine i nā hoʻohālikelike o nā kāne. Ma lalo o nā makahiki he 30, ua piʻi lākou mai ka 4 a 5%. Mai 30 a 50 mau makahiki, pono ke pae o 5-7%, a no nā wahine ma hope o 60 mau makahiki, ʻaʻole ka ʻae ʻia ke emi ʻana ma lalo o 7%.

I nā keiki, ʻokoʻa nā mea āpau. I ka mau mahina 12 o ke ola mua, pono e pae ka pae o glucose ma waena o 2.8 a me 4.4 mmol / L. Mai ka makahiki 1 a i 5 mau makahiki, e hoʻonui ka hōʻailona mai ka 3.3 a i 5 mmol / L. Ma hope o 5 mau makahiki, ua helu ʻia nā helu ma ke ala like me nā pākeke.

ʻO nā kumu no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hōʻailona ma lalo o ka maʻamau

Hiki ke emi ka pae o ka hemoglobin glycosylated ma muli o kēia mau kūlana.

  • hoʻāno ka lōʻihi o ke koko glucose (hypoglycemia);
  • anemia a hemolytic anemia wale nō. ʻO ka make nā selela Glycosylated HbA1c ma mua no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka nui o ka nui o nā ʻōpū o nā koko ʻulaʻula;
  • kīnā koko. E pohō wale nō ʻaʻole o ka hemoglobin maʻamau, akā hiki pū ka glycosylated;
  • kahe koko. Hoʻopili kahi pūpū o HbA1c me kāna hapa maʻamau, ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia e nā hāpana.
He mea nui ia e ʻike i hiki i nā hopena noiʻi hewa ʻole i loaʻa ma muli o nā hemahema o ka hemoglobin.

No ke aha e hoʻonui ʻia ai ka nui?

ʻO ke kumu nui no ka ulu ʻana o ke kuhikuhi i ka pili i ka hōʻake ʻana o ka hana ʻaʻomaʻa. ʻO nā mea hou e pili pū iā:

  • maʻi diabetes type 1. Ma muli o ka nele o nā insulin i loko o ke kino, kahi hiki ʻole i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kākena. A ʻo ka hopena, ke piʻi aʻe o ka maʻi glucose;
  • diabetes type 2. Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā hana huehue i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā glucose i ka hana insulin maʻamau;
  • hana kūpono ʻole e mālama ʻia me ka piʻi o ka nui o nā pale. Aia kekahi mau kumu pili ʻole i nā pae glucose i loko o ke kino;
  • mea ʻona make kino;
  • hana kūleʻa kū'ē i kahi papa o ka nele o ka hao;
  • alakaʻi i ka hana ʻona paʻakai;
  • hemo spleen. ʻO kēia ʻala ke kumu nui kahi e hele ai ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka kalaiwa. No laila, i ka haʻaleleʻana, e hoʻonui ka nui o ko lākou ola ʻana, kahi e piʻi ai ka HbA1c;
  • uremia. ʻO ka hana huehue hiki ʻole i ka nui o ka hōʻiliʻili o ka metabolism a me ka like o ka carbohemoglobin, e like me nā waiwai i ka glycosylated;
  • hapai I kēia hihia, e ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o nā hōʻailona mai ka 4, 5 a me ke 6, 6%. I ka wā pākeke i ke wā o ka hāpai ʻana, e manaʻo ʻia ka pae o 7.7% i ke ʻano maʻamau. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka loiloi hoʻokahi i 1, 5 mau mahina. ʻO ka hopena o ka hōʻike nūnū e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke keiki.
ʻO nā kumumanaʻo HbA1c loa i kahi manawa lōʻihi e hiki i nā pilikia me ka maka, ka naʻau, ka hina o ke ake, a me ka hypoxia kiko.

Pehea e hooulu ai i ke kiʻekiʻe o HbA1c i ke koko?

Inā hōʻike ka noiʻi i kekahi hūnā mai ka maʻi maʻamau o ka hemoglobin glycosylated, a laila ka mea mua e hana ai ke kipa ʻana i ka endocrinologist.

E kōkua ke ʻano me kahi kōkua o ka hana e hoʻihoʻi i kēia hōʻailona i ka maʻamau. E like me ke kānāwai, ka hoʻokaʻawale nui ʻana mai ke ʻano maʻamau e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona o ke kuhi hewa i loko o ke kino.

Ke kānalua ʻia ka pae ʻo HbA1c, ua nānā ʻia nā lula:

  • ka hana kupono;
  • hoʻomaha pinepine a pale ʻole i ka hana koʻikoʻi;
  • nā kino kino maʻamau a maʻamau;
  • ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana ma nā papaʻaila e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka puna a me nā inikini insulin;
  • kiaʻi mau ana i ka glycemia ma ka home. Inā makemake ʻia, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia i nā mālama paʻakikī me nā kūleʻa o nā kānaka. Hāʻawi ʻia ka emi hōʻemi loa i ka hemoglobin glycosylated, no ka mea, ua hoʻohui ʻia ke kino i ka hyperglycemia.
ʻEwae wale nō 1% hōʻemi makahiki i HbA1c.

ʻO Glycosylated hemoglobin a me ke kō koko: he aha ka pilina

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo Glycosylated hemoglobin kekahi o nā mea nui i loko o ke kino.

E hoʻomau ka hele ana o ke kaʻina o ke kumu a me ka hilinaʻi pololei i ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke koko.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka hui ʻana o nā waikawa amino a me nā glucose, e hāʻawi i kahi ʻano kūlike. ʻO ka nui a me ka wikiwiki o ka hemoglobin e pili pono i ka pae o ke kō, ʻo ka mālama ʻia ia i loko o ke koko i loko o ke au holoʻokoʻa o ka "ola" o nā keʻena koko ʻulaʻula.

Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka glucose i ka piʻi ʻana o ka neʻe o ka hemoglobin glycosylated. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ke kōkō e hoʻonāukiuki i ka maʻi diabetes. ʻO ke kaʻina o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā molekikini a me ka hemoglobin e hele wikiwiki, e loaʻa ana i ka hoʻonui o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka HbA1c.

I nā maʻi me ka maʻi mellitus, ʻo kona hoʻonui e 2-3 mau manawa i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka maʻamau. I ka hōʻike ʻana i kēia ʻano palolo, nui ka mākaukau ʻo HbA1c, no ka mea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka maʻi i kahi wā mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana.

ʻO ka nānā mua ʻana i ka maʻi, me ka huli ʻana, e hoʻonui hou ʻia ka manawa kūpono hou.

Nā wikiō pili

He aha nā mea hōʻike glycosylated hemoglobin e hōʻike? E pili ana i ka wehe ʻana i nā waiwai o nā haʻawina ma ke wikiō.

ʻO kahi loiloi o ka hemoglobin glycosylated i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka nui o nā pono o nā mea noiʻi o ke kō koko. ʻO ka mea mua, ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ke kiʻekiʻe pololei o ke aʻo ʻana, ke hoʻoholo nei i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes i ka wā mua, a kaohi ʻana i nā ʻano o nā kō o nā kauka a nā kauka e nā maʻi maʻi maʻi.

Hiki i kēia loiloi ke hoʻoholo i ke kōʻai koko i nā mahina ʻekolu i hala. Akā, ʻaʻole hiki i nā noiʻi ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻoholo o ke kō me ka glucometer. No laila, ua hāʻawi ʻia nā hoʻohālike ʻelua i ka hui pū.

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