ʻO nā hoa hanaʻino, heʻeha a me nā hopena paʻa o ka maʻi maʻi

ʻO ka maʻi Diabetes ka maʻi maʻamau endocrine.

Ke hoʻololi nei ka maʻi i ke ola o kahi kanaka, e hoʻopiʻi i nā hopena koʻikoʻi.

He aha nā ʻōmole o ka maʻi maʻi, no ke aha lākou e hoʻomohala ai, pehea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai iā lākou, e haʻi ka ʻatikala.

ʻO ka pathophysiology o ka maʻi maʻi

Hoʻomaka ka hana pathophysiological o ka maʻi diabetes me ka ʻike ʻole o ka nele o ka insulin e alakaʻi i kahi kaho o ka naʻau o nā rula i kēia hormone a me ka hyperglycemia.

ʻIa ʻia ka ʻai kaila nui loa ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana. Ma kahi pae haʻahaʻa ma luna o 10 mmol / L, loaʻa ʻo glucosuria, a me ka hoʻōho o ka osmotic i ka hāʻule o ka urine.

Hoʻololi nā kaupaʻa i ka reabsorption o ka wai a me nā electrolytes. Loaʻa ka nui o ka lā i ka urine i ka 3-7 lita. A ke hopena, loaʻa mai ka dehydration. I ka haʻalele ʻana o ka insulin, ua ʻike ʻia ka nui ʻana o ka momona a me nā mea momona, e hoʻolako ʻia nei ke kumu o ka ikehu no nā puʻupuʻu.

Hoʻopaʻa ke kino i ka waikawa amino a me ka nitrogen, hōʻiliʻili i nā ketones. ʻO nā mea hope o ka hana he kuleana nui i ka pathological physiology o ka diabetes mellitus: ka weheʻana i nā acetoacetic a me nā p-hydroxybutyric acid e hoʻolilo i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā pōpoki buffer, ketoacidosis, a me ka hōʻemi o nā kumu alkaline.

ʻO ka helu ʻana o nā hoʻopiʻi maʻi ʻana

ʻO nā ʻōhumu āpau o ka maʻi maʻi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ke aʻa a me ke kūloko.

Loaʻa (ʻeha) i ka hopena o ka maʻi

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hopena hoʻonā e hoʻonāukiuki i ka ola. Hoʻopili kēia me ka hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, coma, ketoacidosis. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻo ka poʻe maʻi e hālāwai me nā kūlana mua ʻelua.

Ketoacidosis

Loaʻa pinepine ma waena o nā maʻi maʻi type 1.

ʻO ka hana hoʻomohala aʻe e like me kēia: ma muli o ka nele o ka insulin, e pau nā pūnaʻu i ka hiki ke hoʻomālamalama i ka glucose mai ka meaʻai i ka ikehu. Hoʻomaka ka kino e loaʻa ka ikehu mai ka waiho momona ʻana, inā wāwahi, hana ʻia nā kino ketone.

ʻAʻole hiki i nā keiki ke mālama i ke ʻano he nui. A laila piʻi aʻe ka paʻakai koko.

Hypoglycemia

Hōʻike ia e ke hāʻule i ka pae o ke glycemia ma lalo o kahi maʻamau. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia i nā mea maʻi non-insulin-hilinaʻi.

He māmā, kahi māʻona lawa ia e inu i ka wai momona, a me nā kaumaha, e koi ana i ka glucose intravenous.

ʻO ke kumu nui no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hypoglycemia he nui loa o ka insulin plasma e pili ana i ka nui o nā huama i loaʻa me ka meaʻai.

ʻO ka Hyperglycemia

ʻO ka Hyperglycemia kahi hoʻopiʻi i hōʻike i ke aniani o ka glucose glucose ma luna o ka pākaukau.

Nā kumu o ka hyperglycemia:

• ka hele ʻana o kahi maʻi mai ka maʻi bacterial kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai nā ful purulent;
• nele i ka hoʻoikaika kino;
• hana hōʻino i nā meaʻai a me nā momona momona;
• ʻaʻole hoʻohālikelike pono ʻole o ka insulin a i ʻole ka hana i kahi pale ʻana i ke kō.
• manaʻo kaumaha
• nā maʻi o nā māhele āpau.

I ka piko maʻi maʻi

ʻO kahi kūlana paʻakikī loa kēia no kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi i kahi e hoʻopili ai nā kaʻina metabolic. ʻIke ia ma muli o ka piʻi ikaika ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o glucose. ʻO keʻano ia o nā mea maʻi o nā maʻi mua a me ka lua o nā maʻi.

Hoʻōla ka com Diabetic:

• hypersmolar. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻoulu ia ma muli o ka piʻi ikaika o ka glucose glucose i ka wā dehydration;
• ketoacidotic. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻohui ʻia e ka hōʻiliʻili o nā ketones i ke kino;
• hypoglycemic. ^ E Ha yM. Ua puka mai ia ma muli o ke kaha hōʻemi o ke kō i loko o ke kahe koko;
• lactic acidemia. ^ E Ha yM. Hele holomua ia i kahi hope o nā malfunctions i ka puʻuwai, ka puʻuwai a me nā māmā.

He aha nā hopena o ka hopena (maʻi)?

Hoʻopilikia ka hopena hoʻonāukiuki i ka maʻi maʻamau i loko o 10 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kūʻana o ke kuhi endocrine. Hoʻoluhi lākou iā lākou e nā pōʻino o nā kīʻaha koko, nā ʻōpū, nā puʻuwai, nā maka, ka lolo. Hiki i nā hopena ke kani mele a hoʻohui ʻia paha.

ʻO ka retinopathy a me ka cataract (me ka zonular)

Hoʻomaopopo ka retinopathy no ka hōʻino i ka retina.

Ma muli o ka hāʻawi koko ʻole, ʻike ʻia nā infiltrates mākē i ka nānā maka.

I nā kūlana holomua, aia kahi hemorrhages i ka kino vitreous, detinalment retinal.

ʻO Cataract kahi hana hoʻopiʻi o ka maʻi hyperglycemia maʻi. Loaa ʻia e ke ao a ana a e ana ʻia a ka dimming. I ka maʻi maʻamau, e kū pinepine kahi catalact zonal, kahi e uhi ʻia ai ke uhi ʻana o kekahi mau papa kulu.

Hoʻopau ka makro a me nā microvascular

Hoʻomaopopo ka Angiopathy i kahi palepona ākea ākea.. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻomaopopo ia i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi me 10-15 mau makahiki o ka ʻike. Ua heluʻia ka hoʻonāukiuki i ka macro- a me microvascular. I ka hihia mua, ua hoʻopili ʻia nā moku o ka ʻāpana a me nā caliber nui, i ka lua - capillaries, venules a me arterioles.

ʻO Angiopathy o nā moku o nā pae lalo haʻahaʻa

ʻO Polyneuropathy o nā lalo i lalo

ʻO ka polyneuropathy ka maʻi kahi i hoʻopili ai i nā nalu femoral, trigeminal, facial, sciatic a me oculomotor.

Hele ia ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko i nā nerve nerve. Nā hōʻailona hōʻailona ka nalowale o ka hōʻeha ʻana, ka ʻeha kaumaha, a me ke puhi ʻana ma nā wahi i hoʻopā ʻia. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū o nā nekrosis i nā wāwae.

ʻO ka wāwae Diabetic

ʻO ka wāwae Diabetic kahi hoʻopiʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ka hōʻino ʻia o ka ʻili, nā liʻiliʻi a me nā hāhi nunui, nā hui, nā iwi, nā ʻū a me nā iwi i nā iwi.

I nā maʻi, ua hoʻonaninani nā manamana lima, ua nalowale ka nānā ʻana, nā ʻōpū maʻi ma ka ʻili. Me ka holomua hou, loaʻa ka gangrene.

ʻĀnapana

ʻO ka neurropathy kahi mea hōʻeha o ke keiki e alakaʻi ai i ka pilikia. Loaʻa ka mea palaʻai a me nā huila koko i loko o kaomi, hoʻāi ke koko, mai haʻalele i ka lāʻau. A ʻo ke hopena, hoʻomohala ʻia kahi anuria a me nā renal. He ʻeha ke ʻano a e pono ai ka hemodialysis.

Nā maʻi neurological

ʻO kēia ka mea mua a me ka hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻana i ka maʻi ma kahi maʻi maʻi. Hoʻopili ʻia nā māhele āpau o ka nūpepa: autonomic a me peripheral, lolo a me nā spinal cord.

Hōʻike ʻia ka Encephalopathy e ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana, ka hana, ke ʻano ikaika o nā manawa a me nā nāwaliwali o ka naʻau.

Aia paha nā paroxysms autonomic, nāwaliwali. Me ka holomua, ka maʻi pyramidal, ka vestibular disorders, hallucinations, hoʻohui ʻia ka maʻi maʻi.

Ka helu helu waihona

I kēia mau lā, ʻike ka patologi he 60 miliona mau kānaka i ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka 6-10% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka huina o nā maʻi. ʻO nā hoʻopiʻi pono hoʻopiʻi hoʻonāukiuki o ka hopena endocrine e alakaʻi i ka pilikia mua a me ka make.

I nā maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi, nā maʻi cardiovascular hele i ka manawa 3, ka gangrene o nā hopena - 20, ka makapō - 10 mau manawa pinepine ma mua o ka poʻe olakino.

Nā hōʻike kumu a me nā ʻano diagnostic

E hoʻāʻo ai i nā hoʻopiʻi o ka maʻi mellitus o ka maʻi mellitus, ʻo ka ʻenehana a me nā hana kōkua.

Ma waho o ka hala ʻole, ʻōlelo ʻia ke kanaka i ka ka nānā ʻana i ka nui o ka urine a me ke koko, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka pae glycemia plasma.

E hoʻokaʻawale i ka retinopathy a me nā cataracts, nā loiloi a me ka korna ʻike ʻia. I mea e pale aku ai i ka ischemia cardiac, hana ʻia kahi electrocardiogram. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā maʻi Renal i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hōʻike kikoʻī kikoʻī.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa

No ka mālamaʻana i ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻi, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau hypoglycemic, e lawe ʻia ana ka lāʻau insulin. No ka hopena ho'ōla wikiwiki wikiwiki, e kauoha ʻia e hahai i kahi meaʻai. I kekahi mau hihia, ua hōʻike ʻia ka wawaʻi o nā hana maʻi.

Kūʻai a me ka lāʻau hypoglycemic lāʻau

I ka mālamaʻana i nā hoʻopiʻi, ʻo ka hana nui e hoʻihoʻi i ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose.

A laila hoʻomaka ka palapili me ke kanu ʻana, a laila ʻaʻole maopopo ka ʻike. Mālama ʻia ka puna ʻaila i ka hoʻōlaʻai, lipid pae, paona.

Hana ʻia ke kahikina type 1 wale nō i nā inikini insulin. Hoʻopili iki kēia lāʻau i ka hana o ka hormone e ka pancreas. Me ka hana o nā papa o ka lua, hoʻohana ʻia nā papa ʻaina kōkē. I kekahi manawa hoʻohui nā inikini insulin i nā helu liʻiliʻi.

Hoʻopau i kahiʻai maʻi

Ua koho ʻia kēlā mau meaʻai no kēlā me kēia maʻi. E noʻonoʻo i ka hana kino kino, makahiki, ke kaumaha.

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālamaʻai ʻana o ka meaʻai e mālama i ka kō, ke kolamu a me ka momona i loko o nā palena maʻamau.

Pono e hoʻololi i ka ʻai me ka nui o ka waiora e pono ai, nā paʻakai mineral, nā aila a me nā protein.

He aha nā pilikia e pono ai ka mālama ʻana?

Hoʻolaha ʻia nā hana ma:

• ka hele ʻana o nā ʻeha a me nā gangrene, kahi e hoʻonāukiuki ai i ka make a me ka make;
• nā maʻi mākaʻikaʻi (ʻo nā mea kūʻai nui o nā mea lapaʻau e hana ana i nā mea hoʻohālikelike o nā keiki.
• pilikia maka
• hana ʻino i ka hana o ka naʻau.

Hoʻopilikia i nā ʻōkuhi Diabetic

ʻO ke ala wale nō e pale ai i kēia ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka ʻaila metabolism. ʻO ka kokoke o ke kō o ke koko i ka maʻamau, ʻo ka hope ma ke alo o ke kanaka e hopena i ka hopena o ka maʻi endocrine.

ʻO kahi papaʻai haʻahaʻa-haʻahaʻa a me nā hana kino e hiki ai i ka hōʻemi i ka noi insulin a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke olakino..

Pono ka mea maʻi e mālama i ka paona i loko o nā palena maʻamau. No ka pale ʻana i kēlā me ke kumu o ka pale ʻana, e koi pinepine ʻia ka hoʻokaʻina i ke koko a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻia i ka hoʻāʻo ʻia, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoʻokolohua ma kahi endocrinologist

Nā wikiō pili

ʻO nā maʻi hoʻonā a me nā maʻi paʻa o ka maʻi mellitus:

ʻO ka maʻi mellitus e komo ai i nā hopena he nui. No ka pale i kā lākou hoʻomohala ʻana, e pono ke hahai i nā ʻōlelo a ka endocrinologist. Pono nā mea ola i nā manawa kūpono e mālama ʻia.