ʻO ka wehe ʻana o ke kolamu ma nā paia o nā moku o nā maka i kapa ʻia he retinopathy atherosclerotic. Me ka maʻi, hoʻopiʻi ka mea maʻi i nā kuhi poʻomanaʻo a i ʻole nā pale, kahi pale i mua o nā maka, he hōʻemi i ka ʻuʻina ʻike. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e mālama i ka atherosclerosis o nā moku o ka maka me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā kolamu, nā huaora, nā angioprotectors, anticoagulants.
He mea pono no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi mai ka mellitus o ka maʻi ʻa a me ka lua. Eia kekahi, nā kumu o ka atherosclerosis o nā pani maka e loaʻa i ka kolamu kiʻekiʻe, ka hypertension arterial, koikoʻi wikiwiki, ke ʻano ikaika loa, a me ka hōʻino ʻana i nā meaʻai momona.
I kekahi mau maʻi maʻi, ua pili ʻia ka retinopathy atherosclerotic e pili ana i ka hana ʻikika ʻaʻole lawa, ka estrogen haʻahaʻa, nā hormone thyroid a me nā loli e pili ana i nā makahiki.
E kū'ē i ke kua o nā ala a me nā hana maikaʻi ʻole, kū mai nā mea hoʻonāuki i alakaʻi i ka holomua o ka maʻi. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ke kaupaona ʻana, nā hōʻeha o ka maka, ke kipa pinepine ʻana i ka sauna, nā holo lōʻihi, diving.
ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi
ʻO ka rether atherosclerosis i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kaʻina pili ke hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona kikoʻī. ʻIke ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi i ka wā o ka maʻi ʻana, e hoʻoholo ke kauka i ke ʻano nui o nā lāʻau, nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi o ka retina.
Ke holomua nei ka maʻi, nui ka nui o nā waihona kolamu e nui, lilo nā pā vascular i nui. Hoʻomaopopo ka mea maʻi i ka wikiwiki o ka maka, ka ʻū ma mua o nā maka, wikiwiki ka wā i ka hana e pili ana i ka eyestrain.
Hōʻike ka hopena o ka atherosclerotic loli i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka foci o ka hemorrhage, ka waihoʻana o nā momona, ka protein i nā wahi ākea loa. ʻIke ʻia ka infarction retinal i ka mea maʻi, ma kahi o ka nerve optic e pani i ka hānai.
Hoʻonāukiuki nā ʻōiwi pili i ka wehe ʻana o nā retina, ʻāwili i nā disc o nā nū optic, ma ke ʻano he maʻi hoʻoweliweli ʻo ka mahele ʻāpana a kū pono paha i ka makapō. ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi weliweli loa o ka retinopathy mata he poloka paʻa o ka arinal retinal center. Hōʻike koke ʻia ka kolohe, i kekahi mau sekona wale nō. ʻAʻole hōʻemi ka mea maʻi i kahi hāʻule o kahi hōʻole ʻole.
Ma nā hihia ʻehā wale nō, neʻe ka mea paʻa ma mua e:
- na uila o ke kukui;
- e ʻoluʻolu nei ka maka ʻana i nā maka;
- ʻike pālua (ʻāpana) i ka ʻike keu.
ʻO ka hopena leʻa piha i ka nerve optic, makapō. Hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka hiki ke ʻike wale ʻia ma loko o ka hola mua mai kahi paʻa. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hōʻino o nā moku o ka maka ka mea mua e ʻike ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi vascular ulu ulu - hōʻeha ka naʻau, ke kīwaha.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka maʻi e ka pae o ka hōʻino. Hiki ke loaʻa ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi ma kahi ʻāpana kūloko o ka maʻi inā pili kahi hapaha o ka retina i loko o ke kaʻina pili. I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka atherosclerosis hapalua o ka retina, ua kamaʻilio lākou e pili ana i kahi pae maʻamau. Inā ʻike ʻia nā pilikia no ka hapa nui, ʻike ʻia lākou me subtotal retinopathy, me ka retinal detachment piha - total retinopathy.
ʻO ka atherosclerosis o nā moku o nā maka hiki ke paʻa a paʻakikī. ʻIke ʻia kahi palapala kelepona i ka wā o ka mea hana i mālama ai i nā lā ʻelua ʻelua i kahi kūlana. Hoʻopili piha ka retina i nā papale lalo.
Inā ʻaʻole kūpono kēia, ʻike ʻia kahi ala ikaika o ka maʻi.
Diagnosis o nā kīʻaha maka
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia, me ka atherosclerosis o nā koko koko o nā maka, ʻaʻole i ʻike ka maʻi maʻi maʻi i nā hōʻailona. Ma hope iki, hoʻomaka ka ʻike e hāʻule, aia kekahi hoʻololi i nā ipu o ka lolo. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka mea maʻi i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka mahele, ke poʻo, ka ʻōpū, ka tinnitus. Hoʻā ʻia nā ʻĀina Angina e hōʻino ʻia e ka mea ʻeha coronary arteries.
No ka hana ʻana i kahi maʻi maʻi, laborato, diagnostics instrumental he pono, ʻo ka waihona kālā, ʻike ʻia ka retina. ʻO ka ophthalmologist e hoʻoholo i ka acuity ʻike (mahele ʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā loli nui), ke nānā i ka ʻike ʻike (ʻo ka ʻōpū concentric, ʻōpū, nā kikowaena waena). Hana ke kauka i ka biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy e hoʻoholo i ka kumulā o nā lāʻau, ka hele ʻana o ka hoʻonui ʻana aneurysmal, pinpoint, spotty a i ʻole ka hemorrhages i ka lepa, retina.
Hōʻike ʻia ka biomicroscopy o ka kornea o ka maka, e kōkua kēia i ka ʻike ʻana i ka hoʻokona o ka blockage, ka nui o ka hana o ka aʻa. ʻO nā ʻōuli o ke kahe koko ʻole he lohi ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, kahi kahe o ka hoʻokaʻawale i ke ʻano o kahi kahe ʻana o ke kīʻaha koko.
ʻO ka diagnostics ultrasound me nā kauoha kauoha e kōkua i ke wehewehe i ke ʻano o ke kaʻina pili.
- ka pālua ʻana o nā ʻāpana o nā maka;
- kūmoleʻa;
- moolelo.
Mahalo i electroretinography, ua ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā nalu uila. I ka haʻalele ʻole ʻana a me ka haʻahaʻa paha, e ʻōlelo ana lākou i ka luku ʻia ʻana e nā mea make o ka ʻai.
Eia kekahi, pono e hāʻawi i ke koko e hoʻoholo i ka pae o ka cholesterol a me ka ratio o kona mau pākahi ponoʻī, nā mea hoʻohālikelike koko.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau
No ka hoʻihoʻi hou aku i ka acuity ʻike me ka atherosclerosis o nā kīʻaha maka, ua hōʻike ʻia ka mālama ʻana, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, coagulation me ka radiation laser, nā hana kino physiotherapeutic.
Hoʻomaka ka mālamaʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau me kahi papa o nā papa e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kolamu o ke koko, microcirculation, kahe o ke koko, kāpae i nā spasms, hoʻomaka i nā kaʻina metabolic.
Kūkulu ke kauka i nā lāʻau lipid-hoʻemi haʻahaʻa: Tirofiban, Zokor, Plaviks, Atoris, Aspirin, Curantil, Crestor, Tirofiban. Ke hoʻonui i nā moku, ʻaʻohe hiki ke hana me kahi ʻole-shpa, Nitroglycerin, Eufillin.
ʻO nā angioprotectors kūpono:
- Ilomedin;
- Actovegin;
- Tivortin;
- Detralex
Hoʻohui hou i nā huaora a me nā antioxidants Okuyvayt, Tanakan, Lutein forte. He mea koʻikoʻi e hoʻokō i ka instillation o nā maka o ka maka: ʻO potassium, iodite, Thiotriazolin, Taufon.
Manaʻo ia e hoʻokō i ka maʻi oxygen i ke ʻano o ka oxygenbar hyperbaric, inhalation. Ma ka hoʻohui o loko i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, e kuhikuhi ana ka ophthalmologist i ka hoʻokele o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo o ka eyeball, electrophoresis me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā vasodilators.
ʻO kahi mea nui o ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana i ka meaʻai kūpono. Hāʻawi i ka palena o ka paʻakai, wai wai. Lā ʻia ʻo ia e ʻai i nā meaʻai momona o nā holoholona, nā sweets, nā palani. Ke pau ka hoʻonā ʻana o nā membran o nā maka, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi papa o nā hana lapaʻau. Ma ka nānā ʻana i ka reflexology, magnetotherapy, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā maka.
No nā poʻe maʻi me ka atherosclerosis o nā kīʻaha maka, ua pono ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana me nā ana:
- Hoʻopau i ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka LDL kiʻekiʻe;
- ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hana o ka metabolism;
- hoʻomaikaʻi i ke koko.
E hoʻopau i nā pilikia i hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka hōʻemi like o nā chamomile, immortelle, yarrow, mint, lemon balm a me ka valerian. Hoʻohui i ka hōʻiliʻili o 20 mau kākake o ka hōkū puaʻa, nā ʻōpū birch, ka stigmas, ke kāula a me ka ʻūleka, nā puʻu kaulike like, nāia a me nā blueberries.
K wāwahi ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili o ka hypertonic, 2 mau kulu liʻiliʻi i ninini ʻia, kāwili ʻia me kahi aniani o ka wai paʻū a waiho ʻia i ka pō mau lā Lawe ʻia ka huahana pau he 50 mau minamina i ka 5 i ka lā, pono i ke ʻano o ka wela. ʻO ka papa papa o ka mālama i ka mahina 1 mahina.
No ka manawa o ka lapaʻau, hōʻike ʻia ia e pili ana i ka meaʻai waiū, e hōʻole loa i ka caffeine a me nā mea inu waiū.
Hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa
Ma nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, ke hele mai ka hemahema o ka retina, alakaʻi ke kauka i ka mea maʻi i ka hoʻokō ʻana. Hoʻomaʻama pinepine ʻia ke kikowaena me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi o nā ʻano aʻoaʻo: vitrectomy, laser coagulation, ballooning of the sclera.
No ka coagulation laser o ka retina, hoʻohana ʻia nā aʻae a me nā mea e hoʻoneʻe i ka haumāna. Hoʻokomo pololei nā lāʻau i ka maka. A laila, e hoʻohana ana i kahi kaila kūikawā, e alakaʻi ka ophthalmologist i ka lāʻau laser i kahi e pili ana i ka pan o loko o ka maka.
I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, neʻe ʻia ka sclera i ka wahi exfoliated. ʻO ka manawa hoʻoponopono i ka wā ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Vitrectomy i ka wehe ʻana o ka vitreous mai loko aʻe o ka kaʻe ʻana o ka maka. Pēlā e like me ke kānāwai, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ke kaʻina hana no ka mau ʻala ākea a me ka hemorrhage kūloko. E hoʻolāleʻa i ka palu o ka sclera ma hope o ka wawaʻi, hana ke kauka i kahi tamponade, hoʻohana:
- ʻaila silicone;
- ʻōnaehana paʻakai;
- kalaiwa hau-ea.
ʻO ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka sclera o ka catheter kekahi ʻenehana loea. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka paluna, he piʻi nui mai ke kaomi, hele mai nā adhesions i ka retina. Ma hope o kēlā, pono e hoʻoneʻe i ka mea.
Inā he kūleʻa ka hopena o ka hana, pono e noʻonoʻo pono i kou olakino. ʻO ka lā mua ma hope o ke komo ʻana, e nānā i ka hoʻomaha o ka moena, pale i ka nānā ʻana i ka maka.
I mea e pale ai i ka maʻi maʻi, kau ka mea maʻi i ka bandage.
Nā hopena
I ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lāʻau kūpono, nā maʻi a me nā ulu. ʻO ka mea weliweli loa he glaucoma (make i ka nerve optic), thrombosis vascular (necrosis o ka retina), hemophthalmus (ke koko komo i ke kino vitreous).
ʻO kekahi hoʻopiʻi kekahi he infarction maka, me ka piha o ka ʻike maka ma muli o ka wīwī o ka oxygen. Pili nō hoʻi i ka pau ʻana o ka ʻike. Aia nā maʻi i ka wā e pili ana ka atherosclerosis i nā maka ʻelua. ʻO kēlā mau loli e pono ai ke komo ʻana ma hope o nā maʻi.
ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka atherosclerotic i loko o nā moku o nā maka he mea hoʻohālike i nā loli pathological i loko o nā io o ke kino holoʻokoʻa. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi e kū mai i ka wā e hoʻopili ʻia kahi moku me kahi thrombus a i ʻole plake.
Inā loaʻa kahi mākaʻikaʻi koʻikoʻi o kaʻai ʻana i nā kiko, ua loaʻa ka maʻi kuʻuna i ka pohō nui o ka ʻike. Ma ke ala maʻamau o ka maʻi, ua maʻi ka mea maʻi i kahi pale ma mua o nā maka a me nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi maʻi hoʻoliʻi no ka angiography, kahi nānā o ke kūlana o ka waihona kālā.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia o ka atherosclerosis o ka retina i loaʻa:
- ka lawe i nā paila e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol;
- ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o ka maka;
- physiotherapy;
- o ka maʻi hoʻolaʻa.
Ke hoʻomau nei kekahi mau maʻi i ka coagulation laser. I ka wā e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ai, me nā ʻoihana hoʻoponopono hou, ua hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā pono kanaka.
E pili ana i ka atherosclerosis a me kona mau hopena i wehewehe ʻia i loko o ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.
