He aha nā antibodies insulin? ʻO kēia kahi o nā autoantibodies a ke kino kanaka i hana kū'ē i kona insulin ponoʻī. ʻOi i ka insulin ka mea e hōʻailona pono loa ai no ka maʻi type 1 (ma aneʻi mai kahi ʻano diabetes 1), a ua noi ʻia nā haʻawina no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka maʻi iā ia iho.
Ma ke ʻano he diabetes i hoʻōla ʻia e ka maʻi diabetes i ka hopena o ka hōʻeha o ka autoimmune i nā mokupuni o ka kelima Langerhans. E alakaʻi kēia ala pili i ke kaohi ʻana o ka insulin i ke kino kanaka.
ʻO kēia ka mea kūpono i ka maʻi maʻi 1 ka mea e kū'ē i ke ʻano type type 2, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopili i ka nui o nā maʻi maʻi immunological. ʻO ka maʻi ʻokoʻa o nā ʻano maʻi hānai he mea nui loa ia ma ka prognosis a me nā hana no ka mālama pono ʻana.
Pehea e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi
No ka mea i ʻike like ʻole i ke ʻano o ka maʻi mellitus, ua ʻike ʻia nā autoantibodies i kuhikuhi ʻia ma nā ʻāpana beta o islet.
ʻO ke kino o ka hapa nui o nā maʻi maʻi 1 e hoʻopuka i nā antibodies i nā kumu o kā lākou pancreas. No ka poʻe me ka maʻi type kīkē 2, like ole autoantibodies uncharacteristic.
Ma ke ʻano maʻi diabetes type 1, ʻano hana ka nui o ka insulin e like me ka autoantigen. ʻO ka Insulin kahi autoantigen pancreatic kikoʻī.
ʻOkoʻa kēia ʻano'ōnaehana mai nā autoantigens ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i kēia maʻi (nā ʻano āpau o nā protein o nā mokupuni o Langerhans a me ka glutamate decarboxylase).
No laila, ʻo ka hōʻailona pono loa o ka patele autoimmune o ka papa pancreas i ka lānai maʻi type 1 ua manaʻo ʻia he hōʻike maikaʻi loa no nā antibodies i ka insulin hormone.
Loaʻa ka Autoantibodies i ka insulin i ke koko o ka hapalua o nā maʻi maʻi.
I ke ʻano type type 1, ʻike ʻia kekahi mau antibodies e pili ana i ke kahe koko e ʻōlelo ʻia ana i nā cell beta o ka pancreas, no ka laʻana, ka antibodies i ka glutamate decarboxylase a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
I ka manawa i hana ʻia ai ka maʻi kaulike.
- ʻO 70% o nā mea maʻi he ʻekolu a ʻoi paha mau ʻano o nā antibodies.
- Kuhi ʻia kekahi ʻano ma ka liʻiliʻi o 10%.
- ʻAʻohe carantibodies kikoʻī ma 2-4% o nā maʻi.
Eia naʻe, ʻo nā antibodies i ka hormone no ka maʻi diabetes ʻaʻole ke kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi. Hoʻākāka wale lākou i ka luku ʻana o ka kaila cell pancreatic. Nā lāʻau antiododies i ka insulin hormone i nā keiki me nā maʻi type 1 e ʻike mau pinepine ma mua o nā pākeke.
E makaʻala! ʻO ka maʻamau, i nā keiki me ka maʻi type type 1, ʻike ʻia nā antibodies i ka insulin a i ka nānā mua loa. Hōʻike ʻia kahi ʻano like ʻole i nā keiki ma lalo o 3 mau makahiki he nui.
I ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona, ʻike ʻia ka hōʻike hōʻike AT i kēia lā ke ʻano loiloi maikaʻi e hoʻokau i ka maʻi maʻi no ke ʻano maʻi type 1 i nā keiki.
No ka loaʻa i ka ʻike piha loa i ka maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi, ʻaʻole wale nō ka hoʻāʻo ʻana no nā antibodies i kuhikuhi ʻia, akā, no ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano autoantibodies ʻē aʻe i ka maʻi maʻi.
Inā he keiki ʻole ʻaʻohe hyperglycemia kahi hōʻailona o ka autoimmune lesion o Langerhans islet cell, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo o ka maʻi diabetes ma nā keiki 1 ʻano. Ke holomua nei ka maʻi diabetes, hoʻemi ka pae o nā autoantibodies a hiki ke lilo i undetectable holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻounaʻana i kahi maʻi maʻi type 1 ma ka hoʻoilina
ʻOiai ke ʻike nei nā antibodies i ka hormone e like me ka mea e hōʻike mau nei i ka hōʻailona ʻano mua o ka maʻi maʻi type 1, aia kekahi mau manawa i ʻike ʻia kēia mau mea nānā maʻi i ka maʻi maʻi type 2.
Nui! Hāpai ka honu āpau 1. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi kīʻaha ʻo kekahi o nā ʻano like o ka HLA-DR4 a me ka gen HLA-DR3. Inā pili nā kānaka i kahi maʻi maʻi 1, nā ʻeha e loaʻa iā ia ka maʻi e hoʻonui i ka 15 manawa. ʻO ka mahele kaulike he 1:20.
ʻO ka maʻamau, nā maʻi āpau immunological i ke ʻano o kahi hōʻailona o ka hōʻemi kino o ka autoimmune i nā ʻāpana o nā mokupuni o Langerhans e ʻike lōʻihi ma mua o ka hele ʻana o ka maʻi type 1. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka ulu piha o nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi i ka luku ʻana i ka hana o 80-90% o nā cell beta.
No laila, hiki i kahi hoʻokolohua autoantibody ke hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka hiki ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes i ka wā e hiki mai ana i ka poʻe i loaʻa ka moʻolelo luhi o ka maʻi. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻailona o ka lesima autoimmune o nā cell islet Largenhans ma kēia mau maʻi e hōʻike ana he 20% i hoʻonui ʻia aʻe o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes i nā makahiki 10 o ko lākou ola.
Inā he 2 a i ʻole nā mea e nānā aku i ka insulin, ka ʻano o ka maʻi type o ka maʻi i ʻike ʻia i loko o ke koko, ʻo ka hopena o kahi maʻi i nā makahiki 10 e hiki mai ana i kēia mau mea maʻi e piʻi aʻe ma ka 90%.
ʻOiai he mea ʻole ka loiloi ma nā autoantibodies e like me ke kaʻi ʻana no ka maʻi type o ka maʻi 1 (pili ʻia kēia i nā ʻōnaehana ʻē aʻe), hiki i kēia loiloi ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka poʻe keiki me ka hoʻoilina ukuhi kaumaha e pili ana i ka maʻi type 1.
I ka hui pū me ka hoʻāʻo e hōʻike i ka glucose, e ʻae ia iā ʻoe e hōʻike i ka maʻi maʻi laikini 1 ma mua o ke kau ʻia ʻana o nā hōʻailona lapaʻau e kau pū ana, me ka maʻi ketoacidosis maʻi. ʻO ke ʻano o C-peptide i ka manawa o ka maʻi ʻaʻa hewa kekahi. Hōʻike kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo i nā helu maikaʻi o ke koena beta-cell hana.
He mea pono ia e pili ana i ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi maʻi i loko o ke kanaka me ka hōʻike maikaʻi no ka antibodies i ka insulin a me ka waiho ʻole ʻana o ka moʻolelo hoʻoilina hoʻoilina e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes type 1 ʻaʻole like ʻole ia i ka hopena o kēia maʻi i ka heluna.
ʻO ke kino o ka hapanui o nā maʻi e loaʻa ana i nā inikini insulin (recombinant, exogenous insulin), ma hope o ka manawa e hoʻomaka e hana i nā antibodies i ka hormone.
E pōmaikaʻi ka hopena o nā noi ʻana i kēia mau maʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole lākou e hilinaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka antibodies i ka insulin a he endogenous a ʻaʻole paha.
No kēia kumu, ʻaʻole kūpono nā loiloi no ka maʻi ʻokoʻa ʻana o ka maʻi type o ka maʻi type 1 i kēlā mau kānaka ua hoʻohana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka insulin. Ke ʻano like mai kahi kūlana i ka wā i hopohopo ʻia ke maʻi maʻi i kahi mea i hōʻike ʻia me ka maʻi maʻamau ʻo ka maʻi 2 ma ka hewa, a ua mālama ʻia me ka exogenous insulin e hoʻoponopono i ka hyperglycemia.
Nā maʻi e pili ana
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi me ka maʻi āpau type 1 he hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā maʻi autoimmune. ʻO ka pinepine pinepine hiki i ke koho.
- pono nā maʻi thyimmune (maʻi maʻi Graves, thyroiditis Hashimoto);
- Maʻi hoʻohui Addison (kaila adrenal koʻikoʻi);
- maʻi celiac (celiac enteropathy) a me nā maʻi anemia.
No laila, inā e mākaʻikaʻi ʻia kahi mākaʻi o kahi ʻōmole autoimmune o nā hua beta a hoʻopaʻa ʻia hoʻi i ka maʻi diabetes 1 laʻa, pono ke kau ʻia nā hōʻike hou. Pono lākou e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia mau maʻi.
No ke aha e pono ai ka noiʻi
- E hoʻokaʻawale i ke ʻano type type 1 a me ka type 2 i ka mea maʻi.
- E wānana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi i kēlā mau maʻi me ka luhi o ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina, aemaise i nā keiki.
I ka manawa e hāʻawi i ka loiloi
ʻ islelo ʻia ka loiloi ʻana i ka wā e hōʻike ana ka mea maʻi i nā maʻi haumania o ka hyperglycemia:
- Hoʻonui ka nui i ka urine.
- Kahuna.
- ʻO ka hoʻoluhi ʻana i ʻike ʻole ʻia.
- Hoʻonui ka momona.
- Hoʻemi ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
- Hoʻopiʻi ʻike ʻia.
- ʻO nā ʻōpio Trophic ma nā wāwae.
- ʻO nā hōʻeha lōʻihi.
E like me ka ʻike ʻia e nā hopena
Kūpono: 0 - 10 Unite / ml.
Nā hōʻailona kuhikuhi:
- maʻi type type 1;
- ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Hirat (ʻĀnohi i kāu inikini)
- polyendocrine autoimmune syndrome;
- ka heleʻana o nā antibodies e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea hoʻonani insulin.
ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka hopena:
- kautea;
- ke hōʻike nei nā hōʻailona o ka hyperglycemia hōʻike i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi maʻi diabetes type 2.
