Hiki i ka maʻi diabetes mellitus ke ʻole me ka haʻi ʻana i nā hōʻailona mau a ʻike ʻia, no ka laʻana, i ka wā e kipa aku ai i ka ophthalmologist e ʻike i ka maʻi ma ka nānā ʻana i ke kālā o ka mea maʻi. A i ʻole ma ka wahi o ka cardiology - kahi i mālama ʻia ai ka mea maʻi ma hope o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau.
Eia naʻe, aia kahi papa inoa o nā hōʻailona e kōkua ana e ʻike a maopopo ai aia ka maʻi maʻi. Eia hou, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia i kāna ʻano ma kēlā mau hōʻailona i ka home a pololei hoʻi.
Hoʻomaopopo ka ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi diabetes ma ka pae o ka insulin, ka makahiki o ka maʻi, ka ʻano o ke ʻano o ke ʻano maʻi o ka mea maʻi a me ka hele ʻana o nā maʻi concomitant.
He aha kāu e uku pono ai
Inā ʻaʻohe ʻōpiopio ke kino, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka plasma koko e piʻi ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kō. No kēia, ʻaʻole pono nā hana loiloi, ʻo ia ka ʻike kaulana. Akā ma hope o nā hola 2-3, e hoʻi kēia hōʻailona i kona hoʻomaka, ʻaʻohe mea nui e ʻai ai.
Manaʻo kēia ʻano o ke kino i ke kūlohelohe, a me kahi kaohi ʻole o ka glucose moloka, hūnā ʻia. A eia eia kekahi mau hōʻailona e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mākaʻi inā he maʻi maʻi a me ka ʻano e ulu ana.
ʻO ka like me ka maʻi type type 1 ka nui o nā hōʻailona like, akā he ʻokoʻa loa ka ulu mua o kā lākou mau hōʻike ʻana. ʻO ka mea mua, helu mākou i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi.
Puʻuwai maloʻo, makewai mau ka wā, a me ka urination pinepine
ʻO nā hōʻailona wīwī mua mai ke kino e hoʻopili i nā hōʻailona: kūmole waha, i haʻi ʻia ka make wai ʻole e hoʻonui a nui ka urination. No ka weheʻana i ka momona nui e waiho ana i loko o ke koko, hoʻomaka nā mea kanu e hana hou i nā urine. Ma ke kānāwai, hoʻomaka kēia kaʻina ma ke koko koko koko no kahi o 8 mm / L.
Ma ka lā, hiki i nā mea maʻi ke inu a hiki i ka 6-9 lita o ka wai (ʻo kēia pilikia i kapa ʻia he polydipsia), pinepine ka ʻalo ʻana, ka mea i hele pū ʻia e ka ʻehaʻeha ʻana no ka maʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole i pau i ka pō. Manaʻo pinepine nā poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi i ka holo ʻana i ka lua kaʻi ma muli o ka mea inu nui lākou. ʻO ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoiaʻiʻo ke kūlike: he nui waiu lākou no ka pau ʻana o ka nui o ka kahe. Me nā maʻi papa ʻaina 1, huli koke ka waha a me ka makewai.
ʻO ka ʻili maloʻo, ka ʻeha, a me nā hōʻeha hōʻemi
ʻO ka hopena o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka urination ʻo ia ka lohi ʻana i ka maʻi o ke kino. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ia ke loaʻa e hiki ke hoʻopaʻi ʻia e ka lau, flaky a me ka ʻeha. Eia kekahi, hōʻemi ke dehydration i ke kahe koko - ke alakaʻi nei kēia i nā ʻōnaehana kaʻe.
ʻO ka ʻili a me ka nāwī o ka mucous, ka hoʻopihapiha maikaʻi ʻole a me ke kō o ke koko kiʻekiʻe hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā maʻi o ka huelo, no ka laʻana, a me ka maʻa.
ʻO nā hōʻeha hōʻemi maikaʻi (ʻo kēia ʻano o nā maʻi "ka hewa") hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka maʻi: no ka nui o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko, ʻike nui nā maʻi i ka hōʻeha. Hiki i nā ʻeha wāwae ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi wāwae maʻi diabetes.
Loaʻa kiʻekiʻe i nā maʻi
I ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi o ka maʻi, ka maʻi gastrointestinal, maʻi urinary tract, gingivitis a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ka waha waha he mea maʻamau pū kekahi, ʻo nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻopua ka ʻoi aku i ka maʻi ʻeha. ʻO nā pono no ka nānā ʻana o kēia mau maʻi, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia i nā membrane mucous maloʻo a me ke kō koko kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, ua nāwaliwali kā lākou ʻano pale ma muli o ke kahe kai ʻana: ʻaʻole hiki ke loli koke i nā ʻoihana pale i ka wahi i hele ʻia.
ʻO ka pōloli mau a me ka makemake nui
Pēlā i kūleʻa ai, ʻike ʻia lākou ma muli o ka hiki ʻole i ke kino ke hoʻoponopono i ka kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose e hoʻohana ana nā cell e hoʻoulu i ka ikehu.
ʻAno ʻole, hopohopo, nā ʻōpū, nāwaliwali o ka naʻau
Kālā i ʻōlelo ʻole ʻia - me ka ʻole o ka insulin, ua ālai ʻia ka komo ʻana i kēia kumu wai - e hoʻomau ana ia i ka lele me ka makemake ʻole i ke koko, kahi e loaʻa ai ka nui o ka ikaika o ka ikehu. ʻO ka hopena, hopohopo nā poʻe maʻi a nā luhi pinepine. Me nā maʻi 'āina 1, hiki i ke ahonui a me nā nāwaliwali ke hoʻomohala ma kahi mau lā a i ʻole mau hola paha!
ʻO ka maʻa āpau ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻamau ʻo ka maʻi 2, akā pili pinepine ka mea 1 me ka neʻe o ka momona kaumaha, me ke ʻano o ka nui o ka kaloli. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kino, ka mea hiki ʻole i ka insulin e hiki ke hoʻololi i ka glucose i ka ikehu e pono ai no ke ola, e ʻimi ʻo ia i nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe o ka ikehu. Hoʻomaka ke kino e puhi i ka momona mua, a laila hiki mai ka huli i ka protein a me nā uaua.
Eia kekahi, hiki ke loaʻa i nā pilikia e pili ana i ka home, i ka manawa o ke kino, me ka ʻole o ka nānā ʻana, e hōʻailona ʻia ana kahi mea e hewa ai.
3 nā māka hou aku e pono e makaʻala
ʻO ke akamai ʻike e hoʻololi ai i ke ao, he hoailona paha ia o ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO nā hoʻopiʻi maʻamau o nā maʻi like ʻole ma ke keʻena ophthalmologist e kū like me "i ke kakahiaka i nā mea āpau nā mea āpau, akā i ke ahiahi ʻike nui wau." Hiki i nā hanana hou ke ulu e like me ke ʻano ma hope nei: ma hope o kekahi mau lā, hoʻomaka koke ke kanaka e ʻike ʻinoʻino ʻia i nā aniani a i ʻole nā lace i koho hou ʻia. ʻO ke kumu paha o kēlā mau lehelehe i kiʻekiʻe loa i ke kōpaʻa koko, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻonui i ka hoʻonaninani o ka osmotic ma ka maka, a ʻo ia hoʻi, e alakaʻi i ka mālama wai i ka lens o ka maka. A ke hopena, ua loli ke ʻano o nā lens, a me ia hiki ke ʻike pū kekahi i nā loli.
ʻO ka hopohopo koke i lilo paha kekahi hōʻailona ma mua. Hiki i ka DM ke hōʻino i nā nalu o ka pepeiao o loko a laila hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻike o ka hōʻailona leo.
Ke nānā ʻana a me ka pohā i nā lima, nā manamana lima a me nā manamana wāwaepaha he hōʻailona weliweli. ʻO ka hoʻokahe koko nui e hōʻemi ana i ke kahe koko i nā wāwae a me nā nuna, hoʻopōʻino i nā aila.
Hiki i nā hōʻailona aʻe paha ke ʻano:
- spasms i nā keiki bipi;
- ʻiliʻili o ka ʻili;
- ka hoʻopau ʻana o nā mea kanu ma nā ʻāpana;
- ulu ulu lauoho;
- maʻi-hōʻailona hōʻailona;
- nā meli liʻiliʻi melemele ma ke kino (xanthomas);
- poina
- unmotivated irritability;
- nā kūlana kaumaha;
- balanoposthitis - ka ʻū ʻana o ka ʻōmū i nā kāne, nā mea pinepine ʻia e ka urination.
Kūpono loa ka hapa nui loa no nā maʻi maʻi type 1 a me ke ʻano 2. I kēia lā, ʻo ka nīnau nui no nā kauka: pehea e ʻike ai i ka maʻi diabetes? Akā hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kēia nīnau iā ʻoe iho i ka home.
ʻAno maʻi type 1
He maʻi maʻi T1DM kahi e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai nā keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo (T-lymphocytes) i kahi ʻē i nā cell beta e hana ana i ka insulin i ka pancreas a luku iā lākou. I kēia manawa, makemake nui ke kino i ka insulin e hiki i nā ʻāpana ke komo i ka glucose. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka nui o ka insulin, a laila ʻaʻole hiki i nā molekula o ka glucose ke komo i loko o ka pū, a me ka hopena, hōʻuluʻulu i ke koko.
Maʻa mau ke ʻano o ka maʻi diabetes 1: ʻike ke kino i ka hemahema o ka insulin i ka wā 75-80% o nā cell beta e kuleana ai nā mea hana i ka insulin. Ma hope o kēia hana ʻana, hana ʻia nā hōʻailona mua: hoʻomau mau ʻia ka makewai, ka nui o ka hoʻolilo ʻana o ka urination a me nā momona luhi.
ʻO nā hōʻailona nui e kōkua ana e pane i ka nīnau pehea e hoʻoholo ai i ka maʻi type 1 i ke kiki ʻoi loa i ka pae o ka glucose i ke kahe koko: mai ka mea haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe a kū hoʻi.
He mea koʻikoʻi loa ia e hoʻomaopopo koke i ke ʻano type type 1 i nā keiki! I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi, hiki ke loli hou i nā loli i ka ʻike ʻana, a hiki i kahi coma.
ʻO kahi hōʻailona like like o ka maʻi maʻamau ka maʻi 1 ka wikiwiki wikiwiki. I nā mahina mua, hiki ke piʻi i 10-15 kilokilo. No ka mea maoli, me ka wailua o ka momona kaumaha me ka hana maikaʻi ʻole, nāwaliwali loa, ke hiamoe ʻole. Eia nō hoʻi, ma ka hoʻomaka mua loa o ka ʻiole o ka mea maʻi he nui loa ia, ʻai nui ia. He mau hōʻailona kēia no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes me ka hoʻāʻo ʻole. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka maʻi, ka wikiwiki o ka mea maʻi i hōʻemi i ke kaumaha o ke kino a me ka hana.
Me nā maʻi 'āina 1, ʻaʻole maloʻo ka ʻili: ʻo ka ulu ʻana o nā capillaries ma ka maka, e hā ʻia mai kahi ʻulaʻula mai nā ʻālina, ke kō a me ka lae.
Ma hope mai, hoʻomaka kahi anorexia, nāna e hana ka ketoacidosis. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka ketoacidosis ke nausea, luaʻi, kahi hanu maikaʻiʻino. Ma muli o ka hiki ʻole i ke kino ke hoʻohana i ka kōpī e hoʻopuka i ka ikehu me ka nele o ka insulin, ua koi ʻia ia e huli i nā ʻano kumu ʻē aʻe o ka ikehu. A, aia, ma ke kānāwai, loaʻa iā lākou i nā mālama momona, kahi e hoʻoneʻe i ka pae o nā kino ketone. ʻO ka ketone ka hopena e alakaʻi i ka nui o ka acidity a me ka ketoacidosis. ʻO kāna hōʻailona kāna momona a me ka hanu maikaʻi (ʻoi aku ka ʻoni e like me ke kāwili polū kuku, kahi o ka acetone). Eia naʻe, huue ka lāʻau i ka wai ʻole.
Loaʻa ka maʻi diabetes type 1 i nā poʻe ʻōpio (5-10% o nā mea āpau me ka maʻi mellitus no ka poʻe me ka maʻi type 1), akā ke nānā ʻia nā poʻe ʻoi aku ʻo 40 ma mua o ke ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻamau a ma ke ʻano kūpono ke mālama ʻia ʻana. ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa nei i ke kō.
ʻAno maʻi type 2
Me ka maʻi diabetes type 2, nui nā pūpū o ke kino e ulu i ka insensitive i ka insulin. I ka hoʻomaka, hiki i ke kino ke hoʻopiʻi no kēia nele i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā keu he nui. Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o kekahi manawa, ua emi ka hana o ka insulin i ka pancreas - a ma kekahi manawa ʻaʻole lawa ia.
I loko o kēia ʻano maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi, he mau maʻi ʻole nā hōʻailona, kahi e ʻoluʻolu ai ka maʻi. Elima a ʻumi paha mau makahiki i hala ma mua o kahi maʻi.
No ka maʻi maʻamau o ka maʻi maʻamau, e like me ke ʻano o ka maʻi type 1, he mea nui ka predisposition he mea nui, akā ka heleʻana i ka momona, hypertension, a me kahi hana e hoʻonaninani ana i kahi kūlana ʻoi aku ka nui.
Hoʻonui pinepine ʻia kēia maʻi e nā kānaka ma luna o 40 mau makahiki. I ka nui o nā hihia, he pau nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Hana ʻia ka maʻi maʻi e ka ulia i ka wā lawe ʻana i ke koko ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole. ʻO nā ʻōhua o nā hōʻailona e like me ka urination a me ka makewai ka mea maʻamau ke alo. ʻO ke kumu kumu no ka hopohopo ka ʻeha o ka ʻili i ka ʻōpū a me nā mea ulu aʻe. No laila, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka maʻi diabetes 2 ma ke keʻena dermatologist.
I ka nānā ʻana i ke kiʻi o ka maʻi latent o ka maʻi, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia kona maʻi i nā makahiki he nui, ʻoiai ke kau o nā hōʻailona. No laila, i ka manawa o ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano maʻi type 2, ʻike pinepine nā kauka i nā ʻano hoʻopiʻi a pau, a ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka mea maʻi e hele i kahi keʻena lapaʻau.
Hiki i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke hiki mai i ke keʻena o ka haukapila (e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka wāwae maʻi). Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā maʻi hānō e kahi optometrist ma muli o ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻike (retinopathy). ʻO ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo iā lākou he hyperglycemia, nā maʻi ma ka cardiology e aʻo ma hope o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau.
ʻO nā pilikia paʻakikī i ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes ma ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana ke kumu nui o nā hoʻopiʻi koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi. No laila, pono e noʻonoʻo pono kēlā me kēia kanaka i ko lākou olakino a, ma ka kali mua, e kūkākūkā koke i kahi loea!
Mea hoʻohuli
I mea e hoʻoholo pololei ai i ka pae o ke kō i loko o ke koko koko, ua ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā hōʻike o ka laboratorium:
- Urinalysis no ke kō a me nā kino ketone;
- Hoʻoikaika huina hopena;
- E hoʻoholo i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hemoglobin, insulin a me C-peptide i ke koko;
- Holo ʻaʻai no ka glucose.
Pūkahu koko
ʻAʻole lawa ka hōʻike ʻōpū ʻokoʻa e hana i kahi maʻi kūpono. Eia kekahi, pono ʻoe e hoʻoholo i ka ʻike glucose i nā hola 2 ma hope o ka pāʻina.
I kekahi manawa (maʻamau i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi), loaʻa ʻole i nā maʻi nā kaʻi ʻole o ke kō ʻana o ke kō, a me kona pae ma ke koko i loko o nā palena maʻamau. ʻO kēia mau mea e pili ana i ke kino e hoʻohana i kāna mau kikowaena kūloko a ke hoʻomau nei nō ʻo ia i kona mana.
I ka wā e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke ʻano koko wikiwiki, pono e mālama ʻia nā lula e like me kēia:
- ʻO ka ʻai hope loa e lawe ma kahi o 10 mau hola ma mua o ke ʻano o ke koko;
- Mai lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hopena o nā hōʻike;
- ua pāpā ʻia nō ia e hoʻohana i ka vitamin C;
- Ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻonui i ka pae o ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hana kino.
Inā ʻaʻohe mea maʻi, a laila e pono ke kō mau hookeʻo i ka ʻai o 3.3 - 3,5 mmol / L.
