ʻO nā Monosaccharides a me disaccharides nā mea momona māmā e loaʻa ana kahi momona momona.
ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai he gula. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole nā momona like ʻole o ke kō.
Hoʻokomo lākou i ke kino ma o ka meaʻai inā loaʻa i ka papahele o kahi kanaka nā huahana o nā kumu kūlohelohe, e like me nā hua, nā lau a me nā huaʻai.
E like me ke kānāwai, ʻike ka ʻikepili i ka piha momona o ka honi, glucose, fructose a me sucrose i loaʻa i kahi papaʻaina kūikawā e pili ana i nā huahana like ʻole.
Inā loaʻa i ka momona nā momona kūleʻa maʻalahi, a laila hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka laila, i kapa ʻia ka polysaccharides.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka glucose
- ʻO ka Glucose ka monosaccharides e hana i ka polysaccharides koʻikoʻi e like me cellulose, glycogen, a me ke kō. Loaʻa ʻia ma nā huaʻai, nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu ʻai, ma mea e komo ai i ke kahe koko.
- Loaʻa i nā monosaccharides Glucose ke komo koke i loko a komo i loko o ka digestive tract. Ma hope o ke komo ʻana o ka glucose i ke koko, hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka i ka komo i loko o nā kiko āpau a me nā ʻāpana o ke kino, kahi e kū ai kahi hopena oxidative, kahi e hoʻoiho ai i ka ikehu.
No nā rula o ka lolo, ʻo ka glucose ka mea nui o ka ikehu, no laila, me ka nele o nā mea laʻa i ke kino, hoʻomaka ka lolo.
Aia ma ka pae o kaʻula i loko o ke koko ke hilinaʻi nei ka makemake a me ka mālama ʻai o kahi kanaka.
Inā loaʻa nā monosaccharides i nā nui, ke kaupaona nei a loaʻa paha ka momona.
Nā hiʻohiʻona Fractose
- ʻO nā kalapona maʻalahi, ka fructose, ke hoʻopili ʻia i loko o nā wahi i loko, e hoʻopili palua ʻia i ka palu e like me ka glucose. I ka manawa like, loaʻa nā monosaccharides i kahiʻokoʻa o ka nohoʻana i nā ate no ka lōʻihi.
- Ke hele a hoʻonāʻau metabolism, huli ʻia ka fructose i ka glucose. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole e hoʻonui koʻikoʻi ka pae o ke kō i loko o ke koko, akā aia kahi kūpono a me ka hoʻonui iki i nā hōʻailona. ʻAʻole pono kēia ʻano pono i ka hoʻokuʻu koke ʻana i ka nui o ka inika o ka insulin, i kēia ʻano, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka ukana ma ka pancreas.
- Hoʻohālikelike i ka glucose, hoʻopuli koke a maʻalahi i ka momona momona, kahi e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka momona. Wahi a nā kauka, aia ia ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai o ka fructose kiʻekiʻe e loaʻa i ke kaumaha ka nui o nā maʻi maʻi. Ma muli o ka hana nui o ka C-peptides i ke koko, aia kahi hopena o ka hoʻomohalaʻana i ka paleʻana i ka insulin, kahi e hiki ai i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka diabetes mellitus type 2.
- Hiki i nā Monosaccharides e like me ka fructose ke loaʻa i nā hua hou a me nā huaʻai. Ke komo pū me kēia kōpono pili i ka polysaccharides fructose, aia nā chicory, Ierusalema artichoke a me artichoke.
ʻO nā pahuhopu māmā
Loaʻa i kekahi kanaka ka galactose ma o ke kō waiʻu, kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo ka lactose. I ka manawa pinepine, hiki ke loaʻa i loko o nā yoghurts a me nā huahana fermented ʻē aʻe o ka dairy origin. Ma hope o ke komo ʻana i ka ate, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka galactose i ka glucose.
Hoʻololi pinepine ʻia nā Disaccharides. ʻO ka huahana momona nui he sucrose a i ʻole nāʻaina maʻamau, mākou e kūʻai ai ma nā hale kūʻai. Hana ʻia ia mai nā sugar sugar a me nā kō.
Hoʻohui ʻia me ka sucrose i loaʻa i nā melons, nā waiwau, kekahi mau lauʻaina a me nā hua. Hiki i nā mea waiwai ke hoʻolalelale a wawahi koke iho i ka fructose a me ka glucose.
No ka mea i kēia lā disaccharides a me monosaccharides e hoʻohana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā kīʻaha he nui a ua lilo i ka māhele nui o nā huahana, nui ka pōpilikia nui o ka ʻai ʻana i ka nui o nā waihona lae. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ka hōʻoia o kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka insulin i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke koko, ua kau ʻia nā mea momona, a kau ka lapalapa o ka ʻaoʻao o ke koko.
ʻO kēia mau hiʻohiʻona āpau ke hiki i ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi mellitus o ka maʻi mellitus, ka momona, atherosclerosis a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kēia mau holomua.
- E like me kāu e ʻike ai, no ka hoʻomoʻa piha o nā keiki e pono ai nā ʻōpiopio māmā. I kēia hihia, lawelawe nā disaccharides e like me ka lactose ke kumu nui, ʻo ia ka ʻāpana o nā huahana waiū.
- No ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻai ʻana o ka pākeke, ua uku ʻia ka hapa o ka lactose e ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā huahana ʻē aʻe. Eia nō hoʻi, ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ka nui o ka waiu no ka pākeke, no ka mea o ka hana o ka enzyme lactose, e wāwahi ana i kēia mau disaccharides, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa me ka makahiki.
- A i ʻole, hiki mai ke pilikia dyspeptic ma muli o ka intolerance i ka huahana susu. Inā ʻaʻole ma ka waiū, kefir, ka ʻākala, ka ʻakaʻala, ke kō a i ʻole ke kīwī ʻaʻa e hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻaina, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i kēlā hōʻeha i loko o ke kino.
- Ma muli o ka wāwahi o ka polysaccharide i ka gastrointestinal tract, hoʻokumu ʻia nā maltose. No laila, kapa ʻia kēia mau disaccharides i kahi gula malt. ʻO kā lākou ʻāpana o ka meli, malt, ka pia, molases, confectionery a me nā huahana palaoa, kahi i hoʻohui ʻia nā molula. Ma hope o ka nānāʻana i ka maltose, a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā molekule glucose ʻelua.
- ʻO Sorbitol kahi ʻano hoʻonaninani i hoʻōla ʻia e mālama i ke kō o ke koko, ʻaʻole ia e hana i ka pōloli, ʻaʻole hoʻi he kumu i ka ʻana o ka insulin. Loaʻa i ka Sorbitol kahiʻono nani a hoʻohana nui ia i ka hana ʻana i nā huahana no nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa kahi ʻōmole polyhydric i kahi drawback, no ka mea e hoʻopiʻi i ka palupalu, e hoʻopiʻi ana i kahi hopena laxative a me ka hoʻomohala kino.
ʻO Polysaccharides a me kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona
ʻO nā polysaccharides nā palupalu paʻakikī, kahi e loaʻa ai nā monosaccharides he nui, e ʻike pinepine ʻia ka glucose. Hoʻopili kēia ma o ka momona, glycogen, a me ka māka.
ʻAʻole like me mono a me nā disaccharides, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā kiko kikoʻī o nā polysaccharides nā loko. Kekahi i loko o ka digestive tract, wawahi lākou i lalo. Me he mea ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i ʻoka ʻia ka fibre.
No kēia kumu, ʻaʻole ia i hoʻokumu i nā palaka, akā ua hāʻawi i ka hana maʻamau o ka pūpū.
Loaʻa ka mau kalapona i ka nui o ke kō, no kēia kumu ke ʻano nei ko lākou kumu kumu. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka māka i kahi mea kanu i loko o ke kiko lāʻau. Loaʻa ka hapa nui i loaʻa i ka cereals a me nā legumes. Ma muli o kāna waiwai momona, manaʻo ʻia ke ʻano mea pono.
