ʻO ka macroangiopathy ma ka mellitus maʻi diabetes - nā kumu a me nā hana lapaʻau

Hoʻopau - he hua māʻamaʻa e ʻike ʻia ai ka atherosclerosis o nā ʻehā nui. Hoʻopuka ke maʻi maʻi i ke kūkulu ʻana o ka maʻi, ka mea i hele pū ʻia e ka piʻi nui o ka glucose koko. I kēia hihia, ua pili ke kaʻina o ka metabolic, me ka metabolism momona. Ke alakaʻi aku nei kēia i ka hoʻokumuʻana i nā kāla atherosclerotic ma nā paia vascular. ʻO ka mea mua, ua ʻeha ka naʻau, ka lolo a me nā wāwae.

ʻO ke kumu

Ke alakaʻi nei kekahi mau kumu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kēia alualu:

• ʻO ke kaumaha nui;
• ʻAno maikaʻi - inu a me ka uahi;
• Hypertension
• Ke hoʻomau nei i ka fibrillation atrial;
• Hoʻonui ka kolamu koko;
• Makahiki ma mua o 50;
• Predisposition genetic.

Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau mea e pili pono ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes. I kēia mau kumu pili i nā mea aʻe:

• Hyperglycemia;
• Hoʻonui ka kiʻekiʻe o ka insulin - ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano he hyperinsulinemia;
• Hoʻopilikia i nā hopena o ke kinaki - ua kapa ʻia kēia kūlana ʻo ia ka kū ʻana o ka insulin;
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻōpū e hele pū me ka maʻi diabetes;
• Loaʻa kahi lōʻihi o ka maʻi.

Ke hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ka insulin i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā palaki kolesterol a me nā ʻāpana lipoprotein o kēlā me kēia mea. ʻO kēia paha kekahi hopena i ka hopena pololei ma nā paia arterial a i ʻole he hopena ma ka lipid metabolism.

Ka helu papa a me ka hōʻike ʻōiwi

Hiki i nā makroangiopathy maʻi hoʻolaʻa i nā koho hoʻomohala ʻē aʻe. Hōʻike ʻia kēlā me kēlā me kēia ʻano i nā hiʻohiʻona e kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona.

Me ka poino o nā moku pā, ʻike ʻia ka hopena o ka angina pectoris. Ua pili kēia mau hewa i ka hala o nā hana hoʻokahe koko. Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia iho i ke ʻano o ka ʻeha i ka sternum. Aia kekahi pilikia nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka infarction myocardial a me ka nele o ka naʻau i ʻole.

Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano o nā kulekele e ia me kēia mau hōʻike:

1. Ke kaomi ʻana, ka puhi ʻana, ka hooweliweli ʻana i nā ʻeha ma ka ʻāina o ka puʻuwai a me ka sternum. Ma ka hoʻomaka mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi, ala mai lākou me ka hoʻoikaika kino wale nō. Ke ulu nei lākou, aia ka hōʻoluʻolu ma kahi kūlana mālie a ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau mai ka māhele o nitrates.
2. Hoʻopili iki i ka hanu. I ka wā mua, nānā ia wale nō ma lalo o nā ukana, a laila ma ke kūlana mālie.
3. Ke ʻaʻa ʻana o nā wāwae.
4. Hoʻohana ʻia i ka naʻau.
5. Hoʻonui ke koko.
6. ʻAʻohe puʻuwai naʻau. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine kēia pathology i ka maʻi diabetes. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hana kolohe o nā fibers nerve.

ʻO ka poino i nā moku cerebral i kapa ʻia ʻo nā ʻōla cerebrovascular. Me kona hoʻomohala ʻana, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻike like ʻole:

1. Nā Aliʻi.
2. Ka hopena o ka paʻa.
3. ʻʻAla
4. Nāwaliwali o ka hoʻomanaʻo.
5. ʻOkelelo Ma lalo o kēia huaʻōlelo ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hōʻino hewa ʻana i ke kaila o ka cerebral, e hoʻopili ana i ka make o kekahi wahi.

ʻO ka macroangiopathy diabetic o nā mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e komo i kēlā mau hōʻike:

1. ʻEha i nā wāwae.
2. Nā maʻi ulia. I ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai ka palakū o ka ʻili.
3. Loha.
4. ʻO ka make ʻana o nā ʻopa palupalu. Ke hele a gangrene, hele a ʻeleʻele ka wāwae a haʻalele loa i kāna mau hana.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālamaʻana o kēia alahele me ka hoʻoluliluli i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā hoʻopiʻi pōpilikia mai nā moku, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi o ka mea maʻi a i ʻole ka make. ʻO ke kumu nui i ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi, ʻo ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ia mau ʻano:

• Hypercoagulation;
• Hyperglycemia;
• Hypertension Arterial;
• ʻO ka dyslipidemia.

No ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ke kūlana o kahi kanaka, ua kau ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau lipid. Hoʻopili kēia me nā fibrates, statins, antioxidants. ʻAʻole ia he mea nui o ka mālama ʻana i kahi meaʻai, e pili ana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā momona holoholona.

Me ka hoʻoweliweli kiʻekiʻe o ka hopena thromboembolic, pono mea hoʻohana i nā mea antiplatelet. ʻO kēia ka heparin a me ka pentoxifylline. Kuhi pinepine nā kauka i ka waikehiwa acetylsalicylic.

Hoʻopuka ʻia ka lāʻau antihypertensive me kēia maʻi e hoʻokō a mālama i ka piʻi mau ʻana. Pono e kū mau i ka pae o 130/85 mm RT. ʻAniā. No ka hoʻopau i kēia pilikia, hoʻohana ʻia nā ACE inhibitors, captopril.

Pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka diuretics - furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide. ʻO nā mea maʻi i loaʻa i ka infarction myocardial i kuhikuhi ʻia i nā beta-blockers. ʻO kēia ka atenolol.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau o nā ʻeha trophic o nā mea i luna loa e pono e mālama ʻia ma lalo o ka mākaʻi o ka mea maʻi. I nā ulia pōʻino ākea, hāʻawi ʻia ka mālama koʻikoʻi. Inā loaʻa nā hōʻike, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia.

Nā hopena

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka ʻōlelo hoʻoweliweli o ka macroangiopathy i nā kānaka me ka maʻi maʻamau o ka lā 2. ʻO ka pilikia o ka make mai nā hoʻopiʻi o kēia alaʻaina he 35-75%. I ka hapalua o nā hihia, kū mai ka make ma ke hopena o ka hōʻino ʻana i myocardial.

Kahi hewa pono ʻole ke kūleʻa ʻana ma ka manawa 3 i nā wīwī vascular - ka lolo, nā wāwae, a me ka puʻuwai. Ma mua o ka hapalua o nā hana a pau no ka ʻokiʻoki o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e pili pono ana me ka macroangiopathy.

Me ka pōʻino wāwae, ʻike ʻia nā hemahema ulcerative. Hoʻokumu kēia i nā pono no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka wāwae maʻi. Me ka hoʻopōʻino i nā uaua nerve, nā kīʻaha koko a me nā iwi iwi, ʻike ʻia ka necrosis a ʻike ʻia nā kaʻina o purulent.

ʻO ke hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻeha trophic ma ka wāwae haʻahaʻa no ka neʻe ʻana o ka maʻi i loko o nā moku i loaʻa i nā wāwae. ʻO ka wahi ākea gangrene maʻamau ka wāwae wāwae nui.

ʻO ka ʻeha me ke ʻano o nā gangrene maʻi maʻi ʻaʻole i hōʻike nui iā ia iho. Akā i ka wā e kū mai ai ka hōʻike, ʻaʻole pono ia e hoʻokō i ka hana. ʻOi ka lohi iki iki me ke olakino lōʻihi ʻana i nā hōʻeha. I kekahi manawa pono ke hoʻokō i ka hoʻoilina hoʻohemo hou ʻana.

Nā hana kūpono

I mea e pale aku ai i ke ʻano o kēia ʻano holoholo, pono e mālama ʻia kekahi mau ʻōmole ʻana:

1. Hana i ka maʻi diabetes;
2. Kūʻai i kahi papa meaʻai e pili ai i ka palena o nā meaʻai protein, nā kalowa, ka paʻakai a me nā meaʻai momona;
3. Hoʻohālikelike i ke kaumaha o ke kino;
4. Wae aku i ka ulaula a me ka inu ana;
5. Hāʻawi i kahi hana hoʻoikaika kino, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻonāukiuki i ke ʻano o nā hōʻailona o ka angina pectoris;
6. I kēlā me kēia lā, hele i loko o ka wai hou;
7. Hāʻawi i kahi loiloi ʻano hana o ka maikaʻi lipid - i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me 6 mahina;
8. Hana i ka mālama kaulike ʻana i ka nui o ka glucose i ke koko - ke ana ʻia kēia ʻōkuhi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā.

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka macroangiopathy i ka maʻi diabetes he hanana maʻamau maʻamau. Kūleʻa kēia kulekele me ke ʻano o nā hopena pōʻino a hiki ke hōʻeha i ka make. No laila he mea nui loa ia e komo i kāna pale ʻana, a inā e loaʻa mai nā hōʻailona, ​​e nīnau koke i kahi kauka.