ʻO ke kaʻina a me ka lawe ʻana o nā huaʻai mai nā meaʻai e loaʻa ma muli o ka wai pancreatic i hua ʻia e ka pancreas i komo i ka ʻawa. Loaʻa ka mea huna o ka pancreatic i nā enzyme e alakaʻi i ka hana ʻana o ka ʻai.
Ke mīkini o ka hana ʻana, nā ʻano a me nā hana
ʻO ka pancreas kahi ʻāpana o ka hoʻāʻo ʻia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ia wale nō e hoʻoneʻe i nā enzyme digestive, akā hui pū kekahi - insulin, glucagon a me lipocaine. ʻO ka insulin a me ka glucagon e hoʻoponopono i nā kao mololi, a ʻo ka lipocaine mea e hoʻoneʻe ana i ka hāmeʻe a me ka hāmeʻa o ka lipocaine e mālama i nā kaʻina biochemical i loko o ka puʻuwai. Aia kekahi Hormones i ka wai pancreatic a kākoʻo i ke kaona kūlohelohe maʻamau ma ka pākuhi liʻiliʻi.
Ke komo kahi koma ʻai i ka duodenum o ka pancreas, lawe ʻia kahi kulu kahi i pane ai kēlā me ka wehe ʻana i ka nui o ka mea huna pancreatic. Loaʻa he mau enzyme pancreatic i kahi ʻano hana ʻole - proenzymes.
ʻO ka kohu ma ke kumu o ka wai pancreatic e neʻe i loko o ka duodenum 12 i kapa ʻia ʻo ka waiʻo Virsungieva a aia ma ka lōʻihi o ka lepa. Hoʻea iā ia ma ke kua o ka pancreas me ka sphincter o Oddi. I ka hapa nui o ka poʻe, e hoʻopili ana ʻo duct Virsungiev i ka dile bile maʻamau, a e pāloʻi ʻia ana i loko o ka duodenum.
Ua pane ka ʻili o ke au i ka meaʻai e komo ai i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka hua bile, nā mea i kāwili ʻia i ka wai maʻamau me ka wai pancreatic. Ma hope o kēia, hoʻomaka ka hoʻōlaʻana o nā enzyme no ka hana ʻana i nā momona, nā ʻōmole a me nā mea i hoʻomaka iki. Ma lalo o ke kumu o nā mea enzymatic, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea hoʻoliʻwili i nā glucose, nā protein i nā waikena amino, nā momona i nā momona momona a me ka glycerol.
ʻO ka enzyme pancreatic e hana i ka nui o ka hana ma ka nānā ʻana o ka meaʻai. ʻO ka meaʻai i hoʻomoʻa ʻia e nā enzyme e komo i ka iwi liʻiliʻi, kahi i hoʻomoʻa ʻia nā mea kanu ma o nā paia o ke akepaʻa i loko o ke koko, e hāʻawi ana iā lākou i nā aʻa a me nā kiko o ke kino.
No ka mea nā hana a nā enzyme i hana ʻia e ka pancreas i kahi e kū ai ka nui o ke kō, ʻo nā pilikia ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kino e hoʻopilikia i ka pono o ka mea. Aia nā pilikia me ka pūpū (stool stool), loaʻa kahi mau dyspeptic - flatulence, pua a me ka maʻi kala. Ma muli o ka nele o nā enzyme pancreatic, ʻaʻohe helu nui o nā huahana, a ulu nā pancreatitis.
Pūkana
Aia nā ala nui he 3 mauʻano o ka huina - amylase, lipase a me ka protease. Hoʻomoe ʻo Amylases i ke kō a me nā kaʻe, ʻo ka hana o ka lipase ka hydrolysis o nā momona, a lilo ka protease i ka hāhai ʻana i ka protein.
Hoʻokomo pū ka hui protease i nā exopeptidases, e wāwahi i nā kaula peptide o waho i nā protein a me nā peptides, a me nā endopeptidases, nona ka hydrolysis o nā pilina o ka protein-peptide kūloko. Hoʻopili nā Exopeptidases i ka carboxypeptidase A a me B, nā enzymes proteolytic e wāwahi i nā kaula peptide a he ʻāpana o ka peʻa pancreatic.
ʻO ka endopeptidases he pepsin, gastricin a me chymosin, kahi i hūnā ʻia e ka mucosa gastric, a me ka pancreatic proenzymes trypsin, chymotrypsin a me elastase. Hoʻopuka ikaika nā enzymes Gastric i nā molekine protein, catalyzing hydrochloric acid a hiki i 95%.
A laila, hoʻohui ʻia nā enzyme pancreatic i ka hana, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hāmeʻa i loko o ka pūpū. ʻO ka mea mua, trypsin, chymotrypsin a me ka elastase e wāwahi ai i nā molekine protein nui i loko o nā mea liʻiliʻi - peptides. A laila, ma lalo o ka hana a ka pahu kalaka, ka wā i hoʻoneʻe ʻia ai nā peptides i nā waikawa amino e hoʻopili ʻia e ka paia o ka ʻōpū.
Aia ka wai pancreatic i 6 mau ʻano o ka proteases, heʻokoʻa i ka ʻano o ke kikowaena waena:
- serine;
- threonine;
- kaʻaila;
- aspartyl;
- metalloprotease;
- huʻihuʻi.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia he proteases kekahi hapa o ka nui o nā lāʻau me nā enzyme i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻihoʻi i ka hana pancreatic a hoʻopau i nā hōʻailona hewa ʻole.
Amilase
ʻO nā enzyme pancreatic amylolytic e wāwahi i ka meaʻai starchy i nā puna māmā i kapaʻiaʻo oligosaccharides. Mahalo ia i ka amylase kahi ʻano ʻono ʻono maikaʻi ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai starchy - no ka laʻana, ka laiki a i ʻole ka ʻuala. Aia kēia enzyme i ka lawaiʻa, ma lalo o ka mana o ka mea e hoʻomaka ai ke kaʻina hana ʻana.
I ka lua o nā waha, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kō i ka dextrin, a i kūkulu ʻia nā dextrin a me ka maltose ma muli o ke kaʻina hana o ka polysaccharides e ka wai momona. ʻO ka hana hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana o nā powa i ka duodenum 12 i loko o ka glucose a me ka fructose ma lalo o ka hana a Y-amylase.
Hoʻokomo pū nā enzyme amylolytic i ka lactase, kahi e wāwahi ai ka lactose (ka waiū waiū) i loaʻa i nā huahana wai.
ʻO ka hemahema o Enzyme e kuhikuhi paha i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kekahi o nā kuʻuna: pancreatitis, mumps (mumps), maʻi diabetes mellitus a me nā maʻi pancreatic.
Lipasa
ʻO nā enzymes Lipolytic e hana ma ke ʻano o ka lipid hydrolysis a wāwahi i ka momona i loaʻa i loko o ke kino. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Lipase ma ka ʻāpana a hoʻopau i nā mea momona i loko o ka glycerin a me nā momona momona. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia enzyme i nā ʻāpana hydrophilic a me hydrophobic e hana kūʻokoʻa i kahi wai momona-wai. No laila, he mea pono no ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i nā polapona ʻo kā lākou ʻokiʻoki i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka hua bile - no laila, ʻo ka pae ʻana o ka pilina me ka lipase e hoʻonui.
Hōʻike ʻia ka pae lipase nui i loko o kahi hoʻokolohua koko no nā ʻano āpau o ka ʻeha gastrointestinal a me nā puʻuwai, nā maʻi metabola (diabetes mellitus, gout, obesity), peritonitis, a me nā kumulima. I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻōlelo lipase ma muli o ka mālama lōʻihi me ka barbiturates, analgesics narcotic, Heparin a me Indomethacin.
Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka lipase ma ke kino, a laila ke kumu paha e emi ai ka hana pancreatic, ʻo ka cystic fibrosis (cystic fibrosis), ka uluʻana o nā neoplasms malignant i kekahi mea okoa wale nō i ka pancreas. ʻO kekahi manawa liʻiliʻi kahi pae lipase ma muli o kahi kīnā ʻole o ka nui o ka mea momona.
Hoʻopau a me nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻemi i ka hana exocrine
I mea e hoʻoholo ai i nā enzymes o ka pancreas ʻaʻole i hoʻohiki i ka nui o nā nui, e lawe ʻia ana nā hoʻokolohua laboratorium. Wahi a nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua koko, ka wai paʻakai a me nā feces, nā mea noiʻi, a me ke nānā pū ʻana i nā hōʻailona i loaʻa i kēia wā, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka enzyme.
Ka huaʻōlelo o ka enzyme:
- koko: amylase - 29-99, lipase - 22-66, trypsin - 19.7 - 30.3 mg / l;
- serum koko: elastase - 01 - 4 ng / ml;
- urine: amylase (diastase) - max 100 mau pūʻulu / l;
- coprogram: elastase - mai 200 mcg / g.
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā huaʻawaī pancreatic i loko o nā ʻāpana acinar o ka pancreas, a laila ma o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ke komo lākou i nā kuhi nui i hoʻokumu ʻia ke kumu nui - nā Virsungs
ʻO ka hemahema o nā enzyme pancreatic e alakaʻi i nā hōʻino koʻikoʻi o ka hana a kaʻi ʻana a me ke kino holoʻokoʻa. I ka hihia o ka nui o ka hoʻouluʻana o nā enzymes, kahi maʻi mākia ke kani nei ka maʻi pancreas - pancreatitis. ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻohuihui o nā enzymes e pili ana ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka maʻi i kahi ʻano maʻi.
ʻO nā kumu aʻe e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka loli a me ka hoʻowalewale i ka pancreas a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka lipeli lipalula me nā iwi fibrous:
- ka hāhuhu a me ka hōʻino ʻana i nā meaʻai momona, inu ʻawaʻawa;
- ka heleʻana o nā neoplasms - cysts, tumors (ʻelua benign a me nā hōʻino), fibrosis;
- pathology o ka duodenum a me ka biliary tract;
- Hana ʻo ka maʻi pancreatic.
Me ka nele o ka enzyme, nui nā hōʻailona hōʻailona i kū mai:
Pehea e nānā ai i ka pancreas- polyfecal (nui mau kāleka i hoʻopiha ʻia);
- ʻO ka ʻili ʻana, e like me nā kīwī i hoʻonaninani ʻia me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā lau ʻula a me kahi mea ʻono maikaʻi ʻole;
- ka hele ʻana o nā pōpoki kaiʻai ʻole i ka loina;
- ka ʻike piha o ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū, ka puʻuwai;
- maikaʻi ʻōpū ma ka waha;
- ua hōʻemi i ka momona;
- ʻeuʻeu, kūleʻe i loko o ka ʻōpū;
- Kaumaha luhi, anemia, nāwaliwali, insomnia a me ke poʻo;
- ʻeha ka ʻeha ma hope o ka ʻai;
- ka hoʻomaloka ʻana i nā meaʻai momona a me nā momona.
ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale nui ʻia ka syntase lipase, ʻo ka maʻi stool kekahi o ka mea mua - lilo ia i ka viscous a i ʻole semi-wai. He mea pono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka like o nā maʻi like like me ka nui o nā enzyme, a me kahi hemahema. Eia nō naʻe, ma ka hihia o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā enzyme, e hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻano o ke kino, a lilo ka ʻeha ʻo ka maʻi, haʻi ʻia.
ʻO ka hōʻino ʻana i ka hana exocrine o ka pancreas e pono ai ka mālama ʻana i ke koi ʻana, no ka mea e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā maʻi ʻano paʻakikī e like me ka pancreatic necrosis, ulia gastric, hepatitis a me cirrhosis
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka ʻaina
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻimi no ka pancreas e like me nā hopena o ka hoʻokolokolo a pili i nā hōʻailona i noho ʻia. ʻO ka waihona dosage a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻana e kau pono ana i ka makahiki a me ke kaumaha o ka mea maʻi, a ma ke ʻano o ka maʻi. I ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā enzyme, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e komo pū ai me lipase, amylase a me trypsin. ʻO kēia ka mea mua, ʻo Pancreatin a me nā mea waiwai - ʻo Creon, Mezim Forte, Pangrol, Panzitrat, etc.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻōlelo nā kauka i ka lawe ʻana iā Creon, ʻoiai e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a ua loaʻa nā pono kūpono. ʻAʻole i loaʻa iā Creon i nā papa, akā i loko o nā capsules me ka pale o ka pālua. Aia kēlā me kēlā me kēia mau kōpihi he nui mini-microspheres, ʻaʻole i hiolo i lalo o ka mana o ka hoʻopohapiha o ka waikena hydrochloric o ka ʻōpū a hiki i ko lākou holo - i loko o nā mea palu. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻonohonohoʻana o Creon e loaʻa ana i ka dimethicone, kahi e hoʻemi ana i ka hoʻokumuʻana i ke kinoea.
ʻO kekahi mau o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hui pū ʻia, hoʻohui ʻia me nā māhele o ka hua bile. Ua kahakaha ʻia lākou no ka maʻi concomitant o ka ʻāʻī a me ke kua puhaka. ʻO nā lāʻau hui pū me ia ʻo Festal, Digestal, Kotazim Forte, Enzistal.
ʻO ka unienzyme e pili ana i ka mea ʻoi i ka papain enzyme e hoʻomaʻamaʻa nei i ka hoʻoneʻeneʻe piha o nā protein, nā momona a me nā mea i kālai ʻia, he mea ia e hoʻouka ai, laxative a me nā mea e hoʻoemi ai i ka hopena
Ma kahi o ka pancreatitis akiko, hoʻoneʻe ka poʻe o ka enzyme e kāohi ai i ka hana o ka pancreas - Somatostatin, Contrical, Ingitrile, Glucagon, Gordox, etc. me ka pau ʻana o ka maʻi palupalu, huli lākou i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka enzyme.
I kahi hihia o nā hala i loko o ka waiʻai a i ʻole me nā hōʻailona maʻalahi o ka pancreatitis, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā enzyme o nā mea kanu - no ka laʻana, Oraza, Pepfiz, Unienzyme, Wobenzym, Solizim, Abomin.
Loaʻa nā pono kai
E kiʻi i ka hopena kiʻekiʻe mai ka mālama ʻana me nā mea hoʻomehana pūnaʻi, pono ʻoe eʻai i ka meaʻai pono. Aia nō ia i nā loina o kaʻai No 5, nui ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana:
- ʻokoʻa - ka nui o nā meaʻai i ka lā ʻaʻole i emi iho ma lalo o 5;
- ʻaʻole pono e kaupaona ka nui o ka lawelawe ʻana ma mua o 200 g.;
- pau nā ipu a pau, i loko o ka umu a hoʻolapalapa paha;
- keʻa kai - e pili ana i 35-40 °;
- momona, ʻāpala, pāpā ʻia ka wai ʻawa.
ʻO ka ʻiʻo ʻaila a me nā iʻa o nā ʻano momona liʻiliʻi, nā hua moa moa, ʻōkuhi, ke oatmeal, nā ʻōpala, nā maiʻa a me ka moa kākākūkā ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia.
E hoʻihoʻi hou i ka hana pancreatic ma o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka enzyme, pono kahi hōʻike. Wahi a nā hualoaʻa no kēlā me kēia maʻi, ua koho ʻia kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī a me ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
