Nā hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana i ka retinopathy diabetic

Manaʻo ʻia ka maʻi ʻōpiopio kekahi o nā hoʻopiʻi pinepine pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ke kiʻi ʻana o ka papa lōʻihi o ka maʻi diabetes a me ka decompensation o ka maʻi.

Ke holomua nei ka maʻi ʻo Microangiopathic ma kahi lohi, no laila, he nui nā mea maʻi no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole e nānā i nā hōʻailona o kēia ʻano.

ʻO ka maʻi acuity ʻike liʻiliʻi e pili ana i nā hōʻike mua o ka maʻi retinopathy diabetes.

Ke hana ʻole i nā hana lapaʻau e pono ai e kuhikuhi ana i ka hoʻolalelale ʻana i ka holomua o ka patology, hiki i ke kanaka ke lilo i makapō.

Nā kumu kumu a me nā hopena paʻakikī

ʻO Retinopathy, ʻo ia kekahi o nā hoʻopiʻi o ka maʻi maʻi, ʻike ʻia e ka pōʻino o nā moku o ka retina. Aia ka maʻi me kahi palapala e like me ICD 10 - H36.0.

Hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā loli e like me kēia:

• ua mahuahua ko lakou neʻe;
• kahi hana capillary e loaʻa ana;
• kū nā puka hou;
• Paʻa ʻia nā ʻili scar.

Hoʻonui ka hopena o nā pilikia i nā maʻi nā maʻi he nui a ʻoi loa ka 5 mau makahiki. I ka manawa mua, ʻaʻole i hele pū ʻia ka pathology me nā hōʻailona i haʻi ʻia, akā e hoʻomau ana, e pili nui i ka hihiʻo a me ka maikaʻi o ke ola.

ʻO ko lākou mau paia i hoʻokahi waihona o nā ulu e ulu wikiwiki ana e hiki ke hūnā i ka wā hiamoe o kahi kanaka. Hoʻopilikia liʻiliʻi i nā paia vascular e hoʻokele i ka hemorrhage liʻiliʻi, no laila ua hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia ka retina.

Me kahi pohō nui, hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia nā hana kūʻokoʻa, e alakaʻi ana i ka stratification retinal, a i kahi mau hihia a hiki i ka ulu ʻana o kahi kiko fibrous i loaʻa. ʻO ka hopena, e lilo i kanaka makapō.

Retinopathy triggering mau mea:

• ʻike ka maʻi diabetes;
• nā waiwai glycemic;
• pilikia ʻole;
• dyspidemia;
• nā kumu pono o ka hypertension arterial;
• ʻopi momona
• hapai
• ka heleʻana o ka metabolic syndrome;
• predisposition hoʻoili ʻia;
• ulaula

ʻO ka poʻe e mālama ʻole nei i nā kumukūʻai glycemic maʻamau e ʻoi aku ka pilikia no ka nui o nā maʻi maʻi diabetes.

Helu papahele

ʻO ka retinopathy i loko o kona hoʻomohala e hele i nā manawa he nui:

1. Nonololapa. I kēia manawa, hoʻomaka ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pathology ma muli o ka loaʻa ka glucose kiʻekiʻe ma ke koko o nā mea maʻi. Nāwaliwali nā paia o nā moku, no laila e kū ka ʻōpū a me ka piʻi ʻana o nā huaʻai. ʻO ka hopena o ia loli ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka ʻūhū o ka retina. Hiki i ka Retinopathy ke hana i kēia manawa no kekahi mau makahiki me ka ʻole o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi.
2. Hoʻopuka. ^ E Ha yM. No ka hana ʻana i kēia kaʻina, pono nā kūlana e like me ka ka wā o ka carotid arteri, myopia a i ʻole ke kiko o ka nerve optic. Hoʻomaʻamaʻu ʻia ka hihiʻo o nā mea maʻi ma muli o ka nele o ka oxygen i ka retina.
3. Kumupua. ^ E Ha yM. I kēia manawa, nā wahi o ka retina me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka laha. ʻO ka wīwī Oxygen o nā pūpū a me ka hoʻokuʻu i nā mea kūʻokoʻa kūpono e ulu ai ka ulu o nā moku pathological hou. ʻO ka hopena o ia mau loli, ka hemorrhages pinepine a me ka māhu ʻana.

Hoʻomaʻomaʻi i nā maʻi Diabetes Retinopathy

Hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻike maoli o ka maʻi i ka neʻe ʻana o kona holomua a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana me ka ʻike ʻole ʻole o nā hōʻailona a me ke kaumaha. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hiʻohiʻona o ka pathology, ʻike ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi iki i ka hihio, a ʻike ʻia nā kuhikuhi ma mua o nā maka he hopena ia o ka komo ʻana o nā māka koko i loko o ke kino vitreous.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka edema Macular i kekahi mau hanana i ka ʻā ʻana o nā mea e ʻike ʻia ana e kahi kanaka, paʻakikī i ka heluhelu ʻana a i ʻole hana ʻana i kekahi ʻano hana ma kahi kokoke.

I ka pae hope o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, hiki i nā hoʻopiʻi ke hiki a hele i kā lākou iho - nā wahiʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ​​pale i mua o nā maka, ʻo ia ka hopena o nā hemorrhages hoʻokahi. Me kahi lesi manuahi nui loa, e hoʻemi nui ka ʻike a i ʻole ka pau pono o kona neʻe ʻana.

Ka hoʻomāhuā ʻana o ka maʻi

Hoʻonui ka maʻi maʻi mua o ka retinopathy i ka manawa o ka mea maʻi e mālama ai i ka ʻike a pale i ka hōʻino piha ʻana o ka hōʻino.

Nā ʻĀina noiʻi:

1. Visiometry Kuhi ʻia ka maikaʻi a me ka ʻikikini ʻike me ka pākaukau kūikawā.
2. Perimetry. Hiki i kēia ala ke hoʻoholo i ke kuhi nānā ʻana o nā maka. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pohō i ka kornea ma ka hapanui o nā hihia ke hōʻike nei e kahi hōʻemi o ke kahua o ka nānā ʻana i kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻohālikelike ai i kahi kanaka olakino.
3. Biomicroscopy Hoʻolaha ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kukui kūikawā i ka manawa e nānā ai i ka hōʻola kālā o ka maka a hiki ke hōʻike i nā kolohe i loko o ka kornea a i ʻole retina.
4. Lāpai Hoʻokopaka. Hāʻawi ke ala i ka hiki ke ʻike i ke kahe ʻana o kahi kūlā kālā. Kumu ʻia ia ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ka waihona kālā ma o ke aniani kūikawā.
5. Kahuluwai
6. Hoʻopiʻi ʻōnaehana Hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā mea maʻi me nā mea nānā i ʻike ʻia o ke kino vitreous, cornea a lens paha.
7. ʻRorleloʻauhau. Pono ke aʻo ʻana e loiloi i ka hana o ka retina, me ka nerve optic.
8. Gonioscopy ʻO kēia kaʻina hana diagnostic hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa inoa i ke kahe koko i loko o nā moku a hoʻomaopopo i ka hewa i ka ʻaoʻao o ka posterior o ka waihona kālā.

ʻO ka pinepine o nā hoʻokolohua e ka ophthalmologist e pili ana i ka lōʻihi o ka maʻi o ka mea maʻi, nā mea kuhi i hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka maʻi a me kona ʻano.

Nā lā helu nānā (kumu mua):

• 5 mau makahiki ma hope o ka hakahaka o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi ma mua o nā makahiki he 30;
• ina e ikeia ka maʻi ma ka poe i oi aku ma 30;
• i ka lā 1st trimester o kahi hapai.

E hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana i kēlā me kēia ʻeono mahina. Inā loaʻa nā maʻi i nā ʻike nānā a i ʻole nā ​​kaʻina pili i loko o ka retina, ʻo ka manawa loiloi e hoʻoholo ʻia e ke kauka. ʻO kahi hōʻino koʻikoʻi i ka hihiʻo he hanana ia no kahi kipa kupanaha e ka ʻ opalthalmologist.

Nā wikiō wikiō i nā kumu a me ke nānā ʻana o ka retinopathy:

Hoʻohana ʻia

Kēia nā kumu o nā hana e pili ana i ka therapeutic i ka hoopau ʻana i ka maʻi kūlohelohe a me ka mālama ʻana i ka pae o ka glucose i loko o ke koko, ke koko a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hana lipid metabolism. ʻAʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia ka regimen lapaʻau e nā ophthalmologist wale nō, akā naʻe kekahi endocrinologist.

Hoʻopili ʻia ka hana retinopathy:

• kāohi o ka glycemia, a me glosaosuria;
• ka hana ʻoki i ka meaʻai kūikawā;
• ke koho o ka insulin therapy regimen;
• ka lawe ʻana i nā angioprotectors, nā lāʻau antihypertensive;
• ke hana nei i ka injections steroid intravitreal;
• coagulation laser o nā wahi i pili i ka retina.

Loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi laser:

• mau ʻaina kaʻina neovascularization a pale i ka pale retinal;
• a loko o kēia kaʻina hana, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka nui o ka retina, e hoʻemi ana i ke ʻano o kona hana a hoʻonāukiuki i ke kahe koko i loko o ka ʻaoʻao waena;
• kaʻili ʻana i nā moku me ka pathme pathological;
• hoʻoulu i ka ulu o nā moku koko hou.

ʻO nā ʻano o ka ʻaihue laser:

1. Kūʻai. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻolako ka hana ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka coaculate paramacular i loko o nā lālani, hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka retipopathy me macular edema.
2. Kūpono. ^ E Ha yM. Hana ʻia kēia ʻano coagulation e cauterize i ka microaneurysms, nā ʻili liʻiliʻi e ʻike ʻia i ka wā o ka angiography.
3. Nā Panretinal. ^ E Ha yM. Ma ke kaʻina hana e hana ai i kēia ʻano laser coagulation, pili ʻia nā coagulates i ka ʻāpana āpau o ka retina, koe wale nō no ka ʻāpana macular. Pono kēia e pale i ka holomua o ka retinopathy.

Nā hana lapaʻau hou:

1. Transorcleral Cryoretinopexy - e pili ana i nā wahi i hōʻino ʻia o ka retina, e hoʻoiho i ka uhi ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana optical o nā maka.
2. Hoʻolālā. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻohana ʻia ke kaʻina hana e hoʻokaʻawale i ka vitreous, hana i ka wehe ʻana o ke kaula pili, a mālama pū kekahi i nā kahe koko. Hoʻohana pinepine ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana no ka detinalment retinal, i hana i ka hana hope o retinopathy.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma retinopathy:

• Decinon
• Trental;
• Divaxan
• "Mahele kāwāwa."

ʻO ka wānana a me ke kālai

Hiki ke mālama maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Retinopathy i ka maʻi mellitus i ka wā mua o kona hoʻomohala ʻana.

I nā pae hope o ka holomua o ka maʻi, nui nā ʻano therapeutic i nele i ka maikaʻi.

ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui no ka poʻe maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes e hoʻokō i nā hana pale i hāʻawi ʻia e nā kauka, ʻo ia ka 3 mau kīʻaha:

1. Ka nānā 'ana i ke kaila koko.
2. Mālama i nā ʻike koko i loko o nā palena maʻamau.
3. ʻO ka hoʻokō me ka regimen mālama i kuhikuhi ʻia e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā waiʻaila i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kō a mālama paha i nā inikini insulin subcutaneous.

ʻO kahi kipa i ka manawa kūpono e hiki ai i kahi ophthalmologist e ʻae i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes e hoʻomau i ko lākou ʻike no ka lōʻihi a hiki i ka pale ʻana i nā hopena hopena ʻole o ka maʻi e hōʻino a hoʻopau i ka retina.