Pehea e hoʻohana ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau Biosulin P?

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ʻO Biosulin P kahi mea hoʻohālikelike e kū nei ma luna o ka hana a ka insulin o ke kanaka. Hoʻomaopopo ka hope i ka hoʻohanohano ʻenehana i ka ʻenehana. Ma muli o ke kumu like me ke kūlohelohe kūlohelohe o ka pancreas, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Biosulin no ka maʻi type a me ka type 2. ʻAʻole hele ke ka mea hana i ka plasenta, no laila, ʻae ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka wā hāpai.

Inoa Kūʻai ʻole honua

ʻO nā insulin kanaka I loko a Latin - insulin kanaka.

ʻO Biosulin P kahi mea hoʻohālikelike e kū nei ma luna o ka hana a ka insulin o ke kanaka.

ATX

A10AB01.

E hoʻokuʻu i nā palapala a me ka ʻano

Hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻonāʻau ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻole, ka wai hoʻonaninani. E like me ka mea e hoʻopili ikaika ai, 1 ml o ke kaʻaila i loaʻa iā 100 IU o ke aniani i hoʻokahe ʻia i loko o insinically. Ke hoʻoponopono nei i ka pH o ka wai a hoʻonui i ka bioavailability, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka pakanui ikaika me nā ʻāpana:

  • metacresol;
  • wai wai;
  • ʻOi ka paepae kōpaʻa 10%;
  • kahi hopena o ka hoʻoneʻe hydrochloric o 10% kaulike.

Loaʻa nā Biosulin i nā hue wai a i ʻole nā ​​pahu pahu me ka nui o 3 ml, kahi i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana me ka syringe ʻo Biomatic Pen. Aia ka pūpū pepa i loaʻa nā wai 5 i loko o kahi pale polū palula.

Ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau

Ke hahai nei ʻo Insulin i ke ʻano o ka hormone pancreatic kanaka ma o ka recombination DNA. ʻO ka hopena hypoglycemic ma muli o ke kaohi ʻana o ka mea hana i nā mea ʻoluʻolu o nā ʻāpana o ke kūlohelohe o ka ʻāpana. Mahalo i kēia pūhui, ua haku ʻia kahi pūpū o nā pū me ka insulin, e hoʻonui ai i ka hana o ka enzymatic o ka hexose-6-phosphotransferase, ka ate glycogen synthesis a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa glucose. A ke hopena, ʻike ʻia kahi emi o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka hoʻokahe koko serum.

Hoʻonui ka Biosulin P i ka hoʻokumuʻana o ka glycogen a me nā momona momona mai ka glucose, e hoʻolohi ana i nā kaʻina hana o ka gluconeogenesis i loko o ka ate.

Loaʻa ka hopena therapeutic e ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kōpae ʻana o ke kō i nā kō. Hoʻohui ʻia kona halihali i loko o nā pū. Hoʻohui ka hana ʻana o ka glycogen a me nā momona momona mai ka glucose, a e emi iho ana ke kaʻina o ka gluconeogenesis ma loko o ka puʻuwai.

Hoʻomoe ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka hopena hypoglycemic pili i ka helu o ka assimilation, ka mea, ma ke ʻano, e hilinaʻi nei i ka wahi a me ke ʻano o ka lawelawe ʻana o ka insulin, ka ʻano pilikino o ka maʻi maʻi. Ma hope o ka lawelawe subutanutan, ua nānā ʻia ka hopena therapeutic ma hope o ka hapalua hola a hiki i kona ikaika nui loa ma waena o 3 a 4 mau hola ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pahu lāʻau. Loaʻa ka hopena hypoglycemic no 6-8 mau hola.

Lapaʻau lāʻau

Bioavailability a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana therapeutic i hilinaʻi i kēia mau mea:

  • ke ʻano o ka palapala noi - ʻae ʻia a ʻāpono kūloko a intramuscular paha;
  • ka nui o ka hormone i hoʻoponopono ʻia;
  • kahua o kahi kūoʻi (rectus abdominis, anterior thigh, gluteus maximus);
  • kūlohelohe insulin.

Ka māhele hānai ʻia ʻana o ka hormone synthesized ma ke kino. Ua luku ʻia ka wahi ʻoihana a me nā maʻi hepatocytes a me nā paʻi. ʻO ka hapalua-ola he 5-10 mau minuke. Ke waiho nei ka mea kanu kino i ke kino ma ka 30-80% me ka urine.

Pōkole a lōʻihi paha

He hopena pōkole ʻo Insulin.

Hoʻohālikelike ka lōʻihi o ka hopena hypoglycemic pili i ka helu o ka assimilation.

Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana

Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā kūlana aʻe:

  • diabetes haki ʻole;
  • non-insulin-hilinaʻi hilinaʻi ma ka hope o ka hana o ka hopena o kaʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai, ka hana kino a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi ai i ke kaupaona ʻana;
  • nā pilikia olakino i nā mea maʻi me ka mellitus maʻi diabetes, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ka decompensation o sacismide metabolism.

Nā Hoʻohui

Ua papa ʻia ia e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau no ka hypoglycemia a me ka hoʻomakeke kūloko ʻana i nā mea ikaika a kōkua.

Me ka mālama pono

Pono e kiaʻi pinepine i ka pae o ka glucose a e nīnau aku i ke kauka i nā kūlana i kahi mea aʻe:

  • hiki ʻana i ka hana ʻoi kino ma muli o ka hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pono o ka insulin i ka hope o kona kaohi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaina;
  • ʻoi aku ka makahiki, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā hana hana a nā keiki e emi ai;
  • pilikia hemahema;
  • nā maʻi a me ke ʻole ʻana hoʻi e pili ana i ka emi ʻana o ka gluconeogenesis;
  • stenosis koʻikoʻi o nā coronary and cerebral arteries;
  • lohi ma ka proliferative retinopathy me ke kākoʻo kākoʻo ʻole i ka photocoagulation, nā maʻi me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka haogogogogemia e hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka makapō piha;
  • nā maʻi tuarua e hoʻopilikia i ka papa o ka maʻi diabetes a hoʻonui i ka pono no ka insulin.
ʻO kahi hana hoʻokalakupua nui, pono ke lawe ʻia ka lāʻau pono me ka mālama ʻana.
ʻO kahi puʻuwai naʻau paʻakikī ke kumu no ka hoʻohana pono ʻana o ka lāʻau Rinsulin R.
No nā maʻi a i ʻole ka pale ʻana, ua lawe ʻia ʻo Rinsulin P me ka mālama.
Ua lawe ʻia ʻo Rinsulin P me ka akahele inā he stenosis o ka mea maʻi me ka coronary o ka coronary a me ka cerebral arteries.
Pono e mālama ʻia ʻo Rinsulin P me ka akahele.

Pehea e lawe ai iā Biosulin P

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o ka insulin e ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā ma ke ʻano pilikino hoʻokahi, e pili ana i nā ʻōnaehana o ke kō koko. Hoʻolālā ʻia ʻo Biosulin e lawelawe ʻia i ka subcutaneously, ma nā wahi me kahi papa o nā ʻōpū hohonu a me ka intravenously. ʻO ka helu ʻai ma kēlā me kēia lā he 0.5-1 IU i 1 kg o ka paona (e pili ana i 30-40 mau hui).

Hoʻomaopopo nā kauka loea i ka lawelawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau 30 mau minuke ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka waiwai o ka ʻai. I kēia hihia, pono ke ʻano o ka mahana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka nui o ke ʻano ambient. Me ka monotherapy me Biosulin, mālama ʻia kahi lawelawe hypoglycemic 3 mau manawa i ka lā, i mua o nā kīmaha ma waena o nā meaʻai, ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o nā inikini i mau manawa he 5-6. Inā ʻoi aku ka dosage i ka 0.6 IU i ka 1 kg o ka paona o ke kino, pono ia e hana i 2 injections ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino ʻaʻole i kahi o hoʻokahi anatomical pae.

Pono e kuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo o ka ʻili ma luna o nā ʻōpū o nā abdominisus rectus, e ukali ana i ka algorithm ulu o nā hana:

  1. Ma ka pūnaewele o ka hoʻomaka ʻana, pono ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻili i loko o kahi kui e hoʻohana ana i ka manamana lima a me ke kīlohelohe. Pono e hoʻokomo pono i ka lāʻau hoʻoneʻe i ka ʻili o ka ʻili ma ke kihi o 45 ° a hoʻēmi ʻia ka piston.
  2. Ma hope o ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka insulin, pono ʻoe e haʻalele i ka lāʻau ma lalo o ka ʻili no 6 kekona a ʻoi aku paha i mea e hōʻoia pono ai ka lawelawe ʻana o ka lāʻau.
  3. Ma hope o ka huki ʻana i ka pono, hiki mai ke koko ma ke kahua ʻoi. Pono e paʻi ʻia ka wahi i hele ʻia me ka wīwī a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana hulu i hoʻolako ʻia me ka wai ʻona.

Eia kekahi, pono e loaʻa i kēlā me kēia maʻi i loko o nā palena o ka ʻāina anatomical, ke hoʻololi nei i ka wahi paʻa. Pono kēia e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka lipodystrophy. Ke hoʻolilo nei ʻo Intramuscular a me ka ʻōlelo ʻana i loko o kahi vein e nā lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō. Ua hui pū ʻia ka insulin hana pōkole me kahi ʻano o ka insulin i kahi hopena therapeutic lōʻihi.

Me ka monotherapy me Biosulin, mālama ʻia kahi lawelawe hypoglycemic 3 mau lā i ka lā.

Nā hopena hopena o Biosulin P

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o nā hopena ʻokoʻa ma muli o ka hopena o ke kino o ke kino i ka hana o ka laʻala, ka hewa hewa regimen a i ʻole ka hoʻomaka ʻana ʻana i kahi ʻōlelo.

Mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka metabolism

Nā maʻi hypoglycemic maʻi e ka:

  • cyanosis;
  • hoʻonui ʻohe;
  • tachycardia;
  • hāohui;
  • pololi;
  • hoʻonui koʻikoʻi;
  • eʻoluʻolu i ka paresthesia;
  • mai;
  • coma hypoglycemic.

Allergies

I ka poʻe maʻi me ka kiko hypersensitivity i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea pili o ka lāʻau, ka angioedema o ke kuʻi a me ka hopena o ka ʻili e ulu. I nā hanana pinepine, hiki mai paha ka pīhoihoi anaphylactic.

ʻO ka hoʻonui hoʻonui ʻana he hopena ia o ka lāʻau Rinsulin R.
Hiki i ke Rinsulin P ke hoʻohana i ka tachycardia.
I kekahi manawa Rinsulin P kahi mea e hōʻeha ai.
Hōʻike ka maʻi hypoglycemic coma e kahi maʻi hypoglycemic e hele ana i ka wā e lawe ai iā Rinsulin R.
Ma nā hanana liʻiliʻi, hiki mai ke hue anaphylactic mai ka lawe ʻana iā Rinsulin P.

Hoʻopilikia i ka hiki ke mālama i nā mīkini

ʻAʻole pili ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hiki ke mālama i nā mīkini paʻakikī. No laila, i ka wā o ka maʻi glycemic, ʻaʻole e ʻae ʻia ka hana a ke hana pū me nā lako hana.

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i kahi hopena ʻoka, kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻololi i nā ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano ʻē aʻe paʻa kino. I ka wā o ka hoʻomehana insulin, pono ia e hoʻomalu i ka pae o ke kō.

Hiki i ke ʻano o ke kūlana hypoglycemic i loko o nā kūlana e hiki mai ana:

  • ke hoʻololi ʻana i kekahi loea hypoglycemic a i ʻole kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka insulin;
  • ʻai ʻaʻā;
  • ka huehue ma muli o ka hoʻopuʻi a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa;
  • hoʻonui hoʻonui kino kino;
  • ʻōpiopio;
  • ho'ēmi ma ka hoʻemi ʻia ʻana o ka hana huna hormonal o ka cortex adrenal;
  • hoʻololi ma ka wahi o ka hoʻokele waiwai;
  • kūleʻa me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.

Inā ʻaʻole hana ʻia nā lāʻau kūpono, hiki i ka hyperglycemia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ketoacidosis maʻi.

ʻO nā kaʻina kūlohi e pili ana, ka mea nui o ke ʻano hopohopo, a i ʻole ke ʻano i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kuni, e hoʻonui i ka pono o ke kaila o ka insulin. ʻO ka hoʻomehana hoʻololi biosulin me kekahi ʻano o ka insulin o ke kanaka e lawe ʻia ma lalo o ka kaohi o ke kō o ka wai koko serum.

Hoʻopili ka pilikia o ke kūlana hypoglycemic i ka hihia o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe.

Pono ka hoʻoponopono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoponopono pono ʻia i nā hanana aʻe.

  • ho'ēmi i ka hana hana o nā kelena thyroid;
  • pūpū ʻaʻa a ā ʻole paha;
  • ʻO ka maʻi Addison;
  • makahiki ma luna o 60 makahiki;
  • hoonui ka hoʻoikaika kino kino a i ʻole ka loli i ka mea ʻai.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i ka pale ʻana o nā io i nā hopena o ka eʻai.

Hoʻohana i ka wā hāpai a me ka lactation

ʻAʻole hele ka insulin i kahi hoʻonaninani ponoʻāina ma ke kaʻo placental, ʻaʻole e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomohala embryonic kūlohelohe. No laila, ʻaʻole pāpā ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hāpai. ʻAʻole komo ka lāʻau i loko o nā moena momona a ʻaʻole i a ʻia i loko o ka waiū umauma, e hiki ai i nā wahine lactating ke komo iā Biosulin me ka makaʻu.

Hoʻohana i ka wā kahiko

ʻO ka poʻe'ōpio ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka hana o ka makahiki ma mua o ka hana i ka lolo e pono e kaohi i ke kō o ke kō.

ʻO ke koho ʻana iā Biosulin P i nā keiki

I ke wā ʻōpiopio, ua noi ʻia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā pūʻulu 8 o ka lāʻau.

ʻO ke kauā o ka Biosulin P

Me ka hoʻohana kau hoʻokahi o ka nui o nā kiʻekiʻe o ka insulin, e hele a hypoglycemia. Hiki ke hōʻemi ʻia ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka glucose i kou iho ponoʻī ma o ka ʻai ʻana i ke kō a me nā meaʻai momona. Ma muli o kēia, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā mea maʻi me ka diabetes type 2 e lawe i nā palaoa a i ʻole ka mea hoʻokalakupua, nā hua ʻona, a me ke kō.

Inā haʻalele ka mea maʻi i ka ʻike, a laila hele nui kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hypoglycemia. I kēia hihia, ʻo ka mālama koke ʻana i ka hopena 40% glucose a i ʻole dextrose, 1-2 mg o glucagon intravenously, subcutaneously a i ʻole intramuscularly pono. Ke kiʻi hou nei i ka ʻike, pono e hāʻawi i ka mea ʻai i ka mea ʻai i nā mea momona i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hopena o ka hoʻi hou ʻana.

Inā haʻalele ka mea maʻi i ka ʻike, a laila hele nui kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hypoglycemia.

Hoʻopili pū me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe

ʻO ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hana hypoglycemic ʻike ʻia me ka hoʻohana like ʻana o kēia mau mea hanaʻO kēia mau lāʻau i hōʻeha ʻia i ka nāwaliwali o ka hopena therapeutic.
  • beta adrenoreceptor blockers;
  • monoamine oxidase, carbonate hydrolyase a me ka angiotensin e hoʻohuli ana i ka blockers enzyme;
  • Ketoconazole;
  • Fenfluramine;
  • nā huahana lithium-i loaʻa;
  • Bromocriptine;
  • steroids anabolic.
  • nā hana hoʻohālikelike waha ʻole;
  • glucocorticosteroids;
  • diuretics thiazide;
  • tricyclic antidepressants;
  • pale aku i ka leehana calcium;
  • nikoline;
  • Moramona;
  • Heparin;
  • o nā hormone thyroid
  • Clonidine.

Hoʻolaha ka waipuna

Hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ka Ethyl alkohol i ka ʻōnaehana kaila a me ka hana o nā hana āpau a me nā pūpū. A hopena, hoʻohālikelike ka metabolism insulin, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale o ka mana o glycemic. Ke hoʻonui aʻe nei ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hypoglycemia. No laila, i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pāpā ʻia i nā mea inu wai inu.

Nā kuʻina

Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka lāʻau e nā ʻano o ka insulin wikiwiki.

  • Insuman Rapid GT;
  • Actrapid NM Penfill;
  • Gensulin P;
  • Humulin Kūʻai.

Waihue huaʻōlelo waiho nā huaʻōlelo

Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki iaʻu ke kūʻai me ke kī ʻole

Hiki i nā hewa hewa ke alakaʻi i ke kūkulu ʻana o ka hypoglycemia a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka coma maʻi, no laila, kūʻai ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā kumu lāʻau pololei.

Uku no ke Biosulin P

ʻO ka kumukūʻai kūpono no ka hoʻopiha ʻana me nā hue he 1034 rubles.

Ke waiho nei i nā kūlana no ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e mālama i nā kaha aniani a me nā ampoule me ka insulin i kahi mahana o + 2 ... + 8 ° C ma kahi kūʻokoʻa mai ka māmā me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

ʻO ka lā kau

24 mahina. Ma hope o ka wehe i ka ampoule hiki ke mālama i nā lā he 42, mau pahu pahu - 28 mau lā ma kahi wela o + 15 ... + 25 ° C.

Mea hana

Marvel LifeSines, India.

Nā ʻike e pili ana i ka Biosulin P

Ua hoʻokumu kā ka lāʻau iā ia iho i ka mākeke kūʻai ma muli o ka pane maikaʻi mai nā kauka a me nā mea maʻi.

ʻO kahi mea hoʻohālike o Rinsulin P i manaʻo ʻia ʻo Insuman Rapid GT.
Humulin Kūlike maʻamau o ka lāʻau Rinsulin R.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Actrapid NM Penfill kahi mea hoʻohālike o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Gensulin R.
Gensulin R - kahi hoʻohui o ka lāʻau Rinsulin R.

Kauka

Elena Kabluchkova, endocrinologist, Nizhny Novgorod

ʻO kahi papa hana e hoʻoneʻe ana i ka insulin e kōkua me ka emergency hyperglycemia i ka maʻi maʻi. He kūpono ka penikala syringe no nā mea maʻi me ka maʻalahi o ka manawa o ke ola a me ka hana. Hoʻokō kahi hana pōkole i ka wikiwiki me ka kōʻai kiʻekiʻe. Ke hoʻokō wikiwiki nei i ka hopena therapeutic, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka pahu ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana. Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Biosulin no ka hoʻohana ʻana me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka insulin lōʻihi. Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke kumukūʻai.

Olga Atamanchenko, ʻoihana endocrinologist, Yaroslavl

Ma ka hana pilikino, ua kuhikuhi mua wau i ka lāʻau lapaʻau mai Malaki 2015. Me ka hiki ʻana o kēia ʻano o ka insulin i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, e hoʻomaikaʻi ka maikaʻi o ke ola, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hyperglycemia a me ka hypoglycemia. Hāʻawi ʻia ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā keiki a me nā wahine hāpai. Mahalo i nā hana hana pōkole hana pōkole, hiki i ka mea maʻi ke alakaʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā kūlana kūwaho (me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō. Manaʻo wau ʻo Biosulin kahi wikiwiki wikiwiki.

Na maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi

ʻO Stanislav Kornilov, 53 makahiki, Lipetsk

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wikiō hana maikaʻi. Ua hoʻohana wau iā Gensulin a me Farmasulin, akā hiki iaʻu ke hoʻokō i kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa maikaʻi i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā glucose i ka mahalo me Biosulin. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau iā ia iho me ka hui pū me Insuman Bazal - lōʻihi ka hana o ka insulin. Mahalo i ka hopena wikiwiki, hiki iaʻu ke hoʻonui i ka ʻai o nā hua. ʻIke wau i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua e hōʻeha pinepine koʻu poʻo, akā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia kēia hopena. Ua hauʻoli wau i ka hopena, akā ʻo ka mea nui ka hahai i nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana a me ka meaʻai i kuhikuhi ʻia.

Oksana Rozhkova, 37 makahiki, Vladivostok

5 mau makahiki i hala, ua mālama ʻo ia i ka mālama pili i ka maʻi o ka maʻi mellitus o ka maʻi maʻi, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia e ia.I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mana glycemic, ua kamaʻilio ke kauka e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻi a kuhikuhi i ka Biosulin ma kahi maʻamau. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia he ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi peni syringe. ʻOiai i paʻi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e kū mau ana ke koena o ke kō i loko o nā palena maʻamau. Akā ʻo kēia ʻano o ka insulin e hana pōkole ana, a pono e koho i kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe me kahi hopena lōʻihi. Ua hopohopo wau ʻaʻole kūpono nā lāʻau lapaʻau, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kānalua. He mea maikaʻi no ka hoʻohui pū ʻana me kekahi ʻano like ʻole o ka insulin.

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