ʻO ka manawa pinepine loa, ʻo ka retinopathy ka hopena o ka hele lōʻihi o ka maʻi, akā ke nānā ʻia kahi manawa o nā kino o ka ʻike (ma ke ʻano kūikawā, ka waihona kālā) ke ʻae nei ʻoe i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā loli vascular ma kahi pae mua o ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka ʻike mua i ka patology e kōkua i nā hana i pono e pale aku i nā loli i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā papa o ka maka.
Retinopathy: nā hiʻohiʻona i ka maʻi maʻi
ʻO ka hana o ke kūkuluʻana i kēia maʻi ma kahi ʻano maʻalahi. Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā kīʻaha liʻiliʻi e hōʻalo ʻia ke koko i nā hana ʻoi a nā kino o ka hihiʻo ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō a me ke koko.ʻO ka ʻike ʻana o ka hope o ka maka i ka oxygen ʻē aʻe o kēlā me kēia o ka nui o ka nui o ka iwi i loko o ke kino, ʻona loa ia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke koko. ʻO nā Microaneurysms a me nā kaʻina hana i hele mai i nā kinipona nerve o ka maka. E hoʻomohala paha ka edema Macular.
Ma kēia mau kaʻina hiki ke alakaʻi i:
- hoʻonui hou aʻe i ka neʻe maka;
- hana ʻino i ka nerve optic;
- ka pāheʻe ʻana o ka pā waipū o intraocular fluid.
Nā kumu o ke Diabetic Retinopathy
ʻO nā kumu kumu pololei o nā maʻi vascular o nā mea kūlohelohe he mau mea metabolism, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hōʻike nui o ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka hemahema o ka insulin a me nā hōʻemi ʻole i lawe ʻia i ke koko e alakaʻi i ka kahe ʻana o ka lumen o nā kīʻaha koko a ma muli o ke ʻano ʻana o ka platula ma ko lākou mau paia.
E iho ana ke kahe o ke koko i loko o nā ʻāpana, hoʻoneʻe me ka hoʻoliʻi a me ke komo ʻana i ke aʻai i loko o nā ʻāpana. A ke kumu, e waiho piha ana kekahi mau wahi o ke kino me ka loaʻa ʻole o ke koko, ke alakaʻi nei i nā dysfunctions a me ka necrosis. Maʻalahi ka pilikia o nā keiki, nā ʻōpū haʻahaʻa, nā puʻuwai naʻau, a me nā mea a me ka ʻike.
Hoʻohui ʻia i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka kō, nā papa kuʻi plasma kiʻekiʻe, aia kekahi mau mea e pono ai ka pili i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka retinopathy i ka maʻi diabetes:
- ʻO ke koko kiʻekiʻe (hypertension);
- Laula
- Hoʻopau huapalaʻe o nā maʻi
- Kahawai
- ʻO ka momona;
- ʻO ka heleʻana o ka foci o nā maʻi viral i ke kino;
- ʻO ka makahiki (ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka pilikia o nā loli vascular);
- Predisposition genetic.
Nā hōʻailona āpau a me nā pae o ka maʻi
I ka hoʻomaka mua, ʻaʻole hopohopo ka retinopathy i nā hōʻike ʻike ʻia, i ka wā e hiki mai ana ka ulu ʻana i nā hōʻailona aʻe:
- Kapili ma mua o nā maka, ke ʻano o nā maka makapō;
- "Flies" i mua o nā maka;
- ʻOnanea hemolele;
- ʻO ka hopena i ka hihio.
- hope (a i ole-proliferative) - alakaʻi i ka hemorrhages liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ka retina, edema a me ka hiʻohiʻona o ka nui o ka wai nui, e hoʻonā ana i ka edema kiko. ʻO kēia ʻano o ka maʻi he ʻano ia o nā poʻe maʻi hānai a alakaʻi i kahi palaki puhipuhi i ka ʻike.
- he hopena ka proliferative no ka retinopathy hope a hoʻomohala ma muli o ka hopena o ka emi ʻana o ka oxygen. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano hana me ka neʻe ʻana i nā moku liʻiliʻi hou (capillaries) e ulu ana i loko o ke kino vitreous o ka maka a me ka hoʻoneʻe. ʻO ka hana pinepine o nā moku i hana ʻia e alakaʻi i ka hemorrhage mau, ka huehue a me ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka ʻike i ka holomua. Ua kapa ʻia ke ʻano hope loa o ka retinopathy papa
Nā hopena ʻōno a me nā maʻi
ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi nui o ka retinopathy ʻo ka hōʻole hou ʻana i ka maʻi ma muli o ka hemorrhage mau a me ka pono kīnā. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ka makapō piha, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ʻia. ʻO ka detinalment retinal ma muli o retinopathy a me nā maʻi maka ʻē aʻe i ke kumu nui a ke ʻano makapō o nā pākeke ma nā ʻāina ulu.
- Ke nānā nei i nā makana a me ka eyeball (ophthalmoscopy) no nā hōʻailona o ka hemorrcage o ka mikroskopiko;
- Ka hōʻike kālā;
- ʻO nā ʻōkuhi - hopena o ka ʻike ʻike ma o nā papa;
- E nānā i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kaomi intraocular;
- ʻO nā hōʻike biomicroscopic o ka maka mua.
ʻAe ʻia ka maʻi mua e hiki iā ʻoe ke kuhikuhi i kahi mea mālama kūpono a me ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻokō ʻana.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau
ʻO ka mālama ʻana
Hoʻokomo pū ʻia ʻo ia no ka retinopathy:
- ʻO ka hoʻomahaʻana i kaʻai o nā momona holoholona (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻololi maoli iā lākou me ka laulala);
- ʻOkoʻa ʻole mai ka papa ʻaina o ka pauka ʻōpala māmā (gula, nā ʻeke, nā muffins, nā ʻamoʻehā, a me nā mea i ʻō).
- I ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka papa ʻaina o nā meaʻai me ka mālama ʻana o nā mea lipotropic (ʻo ia mau meaʻai me ka iʻa, oatmeal, ke kōkana iʻa);
- ʻO ka hoʻonui aʻe o ka nui o nā hua a me nā lāʻau ʻai ma mua o nā ʻuala.
Hoʻohana pū ʻia ka lāʻau huaola: no nā mea ʻike o nā pōpoki, ʻo nā huaora B ka mea nui loa, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia e like me nā ʻāpana o nā huaora i lawe ʻia, a lawelawe ʻia paha i nā mea maʻi intramuscularly. Nā ʻōmole P, E, C, e hoʻomākaukau ai i Anginin, Ditsinon, ʻo Doksium i ʻōlelo ʻia he angioprotectors (nā mea e pale ai i nā paia vascular).
Hoʻohana ʻia
ʻO ke ala e pono ai ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe photocoagulation laser. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke kaʻina hana he target cauterization o ka retina, e kāpae ana i ke ʻano o nā capillaries hou. Inā mālama ʻia ka coagulation laser i ka manawa kūpono, e hoʻopaʻa kēia i ke kaʻina ma 80% o nā hihia. Ke alakaʻi nei ka Coagulation i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā moku "ʻoi aku" a kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hihiʻo ma hope o nā maʻi.
ʻO kekahi ʻano hou vitrectomyka wehe ʻana i ke kino vitreous me ka hopena maikaʻi a hoʻihoʻi hou o ka retina (hiki paha inā ke hele ʻole ke kaʻina hana.
E koho i kahi kauka a hana i kahi manawa me ia i kēia manawa:
