ʻO ka atherosclerosis kahi maʻi maʻi kīwaha. Ma muli o ka nui o ke ola, ka neʻe mau nei a me ke kaumaha ʻana o ka psycho-emotional, ʻoiai ke hiamoe a me ka ala e hoʻopau ʻia, nā kānāwai o ka maikaʻi o ka meaʻai maikaʻi.
ʻO kēia mau mea a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili i ka hopena me ka mahele o ke ʻano o ka palekō cardiovascular, nā hoʻololi o ka atherosclerotic ma ke kīʻaha koko e hele mua i waena o nā kumu kumu o ka make a me nā ʻōpiopio holomua.
Noho ʻia kahi wahi kūikawā i kēia mau heluʻala ma ka lawe ʻana i ka atherosclerosis o nā moku o nā palaho haʻahaʻa, me ke ʻano he hoʻemi hōʻemi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi a hiki i kahi pilikia koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ka ʻike maʻamau e pili ana i ka maʻi a me nā kumu
ʻO ka atherosclerosis, a i ʻole metabolic arteriosclerosis, he maʻi maʻi ʻōnaehana o nā moku o nā moku nui a me ka medium caliber elastic-muscular type, kēlā me kēia.
Wahi a ka International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), ua hāʻawi ʻia ka maʻi i kahi pūʻulu o ka atherosclerosis a me ke code 170.
Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pathology, ua pā ka paia o nā moku kūleʻa, e alakaʻi ana i ka nalowale o ka hiki ke hoʻoikaika pono a hoʻopiʻi i ka ikaika o ka hoʻopuka puʻuwai.
ʻO ka hapanui o ka poʻe he atherosclerosis - infiltrate momona, nā pōpoki me nā loli liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hōʻike ʻia a hiki i ka wā ʻōpio i nā makahiki 14-15, akā ʻo ka hui o nā mea kūlohelohe e pili ana i nā kāne (ʻo ke kumukūʻai o nā kāne maʻi i ka wahine 5 a 1) ʻoi aku i ka makahiki he kanaha.
Eia kekahi, nā kumu pilikia, ʻo ia nā kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki i kahi maʻi, loaʻa:
- Makau. Ma hope o 21 mau makahiki i ke kino o ke kanaka, e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ana ka thymus, ka mea no ka hoʻomōhala ʻia ʻana, ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o nā ʻano o nā mākaʻi kelepona maoli, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hūnā ʻia o ka pōpilikia vascular wall, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea kikoʻī o ka atherosclerosis. Eia nō kekahi, me ka wā o ka makahiki, ke kūlohelohe nei ka elasticity o nā moku koko ma muli o ka hiolo ʻana o ka collagen, ka mea e wikiwiki ai i ka ʻike ʻana i ka pā me ka protein-protritus.
- ʻO ka pono momona a me ka momona nui. Hōʻea ka nui o nā pelekane a me nā hāmeʻa trans i loko o ka papaʻai i ke kaohi o nā ʻōnaehana ʻoihana e hiki ʻole ke wāwahi i ka pūhui hoʻohui. Ma muli o kēia, ke hoʻokaʻawale a paʻapū nā kolamu a me nā kolamu ma ke koko i ka endothelium o ka pā moku a noho ma laila, hōʻiliʻili.
- Kakahi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa. ʻAʻole neʻe neʻe ka poʻe ma ka honua o kēia mau lā, a hoʻomaka ka ʻōpū o ka puʻuwai e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka atrophy. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i kahi palū i ke kahe o ke koko, aʻo nā mea momona e hiki maʻalahi ke komo i loko o nā membrane paʻa o nā moku.
- Laula. ʻO ka hoʻomau mau ʻana a me ka hoʻomaha hoʻomaha vascular ma muli o ka hana a ka mea hoʻoikaika genotine e alakaʻi i kahi hōʻino o ka hohonu. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana metasympathetic nerve, ʻo kona kaona paʻa me ka ganglia i paʻa i ka paia, ʻaʻole i pane iki i nā kauoha mai ka lolo. Hoʻololi ʻia ka hoʻoponopono o ka motility, lilo ka ʻili i kahi momona no ka fibrin a me nā momona.
ʻO nā kumu i kōkua ʻia i ka holomua wikiwiki o ka atherosclerosis ka paʻa ʻana o ka diabetes mellitus a me ka hypertension arterial i ke kino o ka mea maʻi.
ʻO kēia mau alaʻenehana he mau manawa e hoʻonui ai i ka loli o ka atherosclerotic hoʻololi.
Hoʻokomo ka maʻi maʻi i kahi hoʻokaʻawale o nā metabolatoma āpau me nā meaʻoi aku o hoʻokahi haneli, ʻoi aku ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā lipids kūmole i ka ikaika a me ka wai.
Ke hoʻonui nei ke kaomi i ka hoʻoulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka votone endothelium a me kona leakage e ka exudate. No kēia kumu, aneane kēlā me kēia o nā kānaka pākahi o ka lewa e loaʻa ana i ka atherosclerosis.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o ka pathogenesis o ka maʻi
ʻAʻole i aʻo ʻia nā pathogenesis o ka maʻi, akā ua hōʻike ʻia nā kumu nui. I loko o ka manawa mua o dolipid o ka hoʻololi hoʻololi ʻana, aia kekahi pūhaka liilii o ka nui o nā hua, ke hoʻonui ʻana i ka pono o ko lākou membranes, he ʻano nui ke hoʻonui ʻana i nā ʻano mea hana lipid a me ko lākou ʻano leʻea (no ka mālama i ka homeostasis, ʻo ke ʻano o ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe i nā lipoproteins low-density i loko o ka wahi o 4: 1 pono e mālama).
I ka wā o ka lipoidosis, ka nānā ʻana o nā mea momona xanthoma cell (i kapa ʻia hoʻi nā pū me ka foam), ka mea i hoʻopiha ʻia ka cytoplasm me nā pūpū momona a me ka cholesterol. ʻO ka mikroscopically, me ka maka ʻōkuhi, hana lākou i nā pā melemele a me nā kui ma ka moku.
I ka wā o ka fibromatosis, pili nā platelets i ka ʻāʻī ʻana, ka mea e manaʻo nei i ka ulu nui ʻana e like me kahi wahi e pōʻino ai i ka pīpī ʻana.
Akā e hōʻiliʻili, hoʻoili pono lākou i ka fibrin, hoʻonui wale i ke kūlana. Hoʻonui ka nui i ka nui, e kāohi ana i ka lumen o ka moku a kau i ke kahe o ke kahe o kekahi wahi a i ʻole kekahi.
ʻO ka atheromatosis kahi pae holomua, no laila, pono ke mālama ʻia nā ʻōpiopio ma kēia pae me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka nānā pono i ka hiki ʻana o nā ʻōpio dissociated a me ka hi ʻana o ka pā moku.
ʻO ka hope o ka pyramid multi-stage o ka pathogenesis he saturation o ka pākeke me nā paʻakai kalala me nā ʻōmole ossification ma hope, petrification.
ʻO nā hōʻailona nui o ka maʻi
ʻAʻole kūpono ke Atherosclerosis ma kahi hoʻokahi. He nui ka maʻi o kēia maʻi, he nui ka poʻe o ke kaʻina pili i loko o ke kino. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā manifestations i ke wahi o ka pākeke a me ka pae o ka hoʻomohala ʻana.
ʻO ka ʻeha a me ka hōʻeha nui ʻia e ka atherosclerosis o nā moku o nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa loa, i hāʻawi ʻia i ka code e like me ICD-10 170.2. Ma kēia hihia, pani ʻia ka plana i ka lumen o nā kīʻaha nui o nā wāwae, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka nui o ka oxygen me nā mea momona. I ka manawa mua, noʻonoʻo wale ka mea maʻi i nā wahi mamao, tingling i nā manamana lima. A laila, me ka lōʻihi o ka hele ʻana, ʻike ʻia kahi manaʻo wela wela, ke waiho wale nei ma hope o kahi hoʻolohi a me ka puʻupuʻu pōkole. Ua hōʻeha koʻu mau wāwae, a ua lohi ke ahonui. I ka wā hope aʻe, nā ʻeha trophic a me nā hōʻeha, ka spasm whānui, ke kani kūnoko, ka heleʻana o ka atrophy, e lilo ka ʻeha. ʻO ka hopena o ke kūlana ka gangrene, ma hope o ka amua, a me ka embolism o kahi paina i hoʻoneʻe i nā moku koʻikoʻi.
Hoʻopilikia ka aorta i ka mua, a kuʻi ʻia kēia me ka nui o ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka kaʻe o ke koko i loko o ke kaila pulmonary. ʻO ka hōʻailona nui i kēlā mau maʻi ke koko kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i ka atherosclerosis aortic ke hopena i ka aneurysm a me ka hemorrhage nui.
Atherosclerosis o nā kīʻaha puʻuwai he pōʻino. Me kēia ʻōhumu, ʻo IHD (ka maʻi naʻau coronary) e pili ana i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka hāʻawi o ka oxygen i ka ʻōpū o ka naʻau me nā hoʻouka ʻana o angina. Hōʻemi kahe o ke koko coronary, a piʻi aʻe ka nui o ka hala ʻana o ka myocardial infarction.
Ke loli nei ka atherosclerotic i loko o nā moku cerebral me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻole, ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ke kaumaha, ka ʻōpū. E maʻalahi ka maʻalahi o ka lolo i ka ischemia, a ʻaʻole loli hou nā kāwili neural ma hope o ka make.
ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi nui loa o ka puka cerebral - stroke, ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka maʻi kīnā i waena o nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular.
ʻO ka maʻi a me ka mālama ʻana mai i ka makemake o ka atherosclerosis o nā hopena haʻahaʻa
Inā kānalua ʻoe i kēia maʻi kaumaha a me ka hele ʻana o nā hōʻailona maʻamau, pono e ʻike ka mea maʻi i kahi phlebologist. He alakaʻi ia i kahi aʻo noiʻi a kuhikuhi i kekahi ʻano o ka hoʻokalakupua a me nā hōʻike hōʻoia.
Hoʻopili kēia i ka hōʻike koko maʻamau a me ka biochemical no kolesterol, LDL, HDL, chylomicrons, free triglycerides.
Hana ʻia ka ultrasound me ka dopplerography, rheovasography, arteriography, x-ray e hoʻohana ana i ka hoʻohālikelike vascular.
Hana ʻia nā pathology me nā hana conservative ma ka wā mua a kūʻokoʻa wale nō me ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi ma hope o nā hana hope.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokipa i kahi hopena lapaʻau i ka pilikia ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi hōʻailona o ke kaniʻuhū koʻikoʻi.
No kēia mea, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like nei:
- Zinc-gelatin pipi Unna. Hoʻopau kēia kulana i kona kaulana no ka hōʻole o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hana i kā lākou ponoʻī a me nā hoʻomākaukau, akā maikaʻi loa ia. Hoʻonui ʻo ia i ka trophism i ka musio, hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻeha trophic a hoʻomāluulu i nā kīʻaha koko ma kahi o ke noi. Hoʻomau ʻia ia mai kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka gelatin, hoʻokahi ʻāpana o Zinc Oxide, ʻehā ʻāpana wai a ʻehā mau wahi o ka glycerin. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pākī ma hope o ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i ka ʻauʻau wai, ma hope o ka pulu ʻia.
- ʻO nā lāʻau ma ka hoʻohālikelike i ka pae o ka kolamu a me LDL. ʻO kēia mau a Zokor, Cholestyramine, Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, Fluvastatin, Quantalan. Aia nā noiʻi e kākoʻo ana i kēia mau lāʻau i ka mālama ʻana i ka atherosclerosis, akā pili kēia i nā pae mua o ka maʻi. Hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻia ka pae kolamu ma ka lāʻau a me ka meaʻai maikaʻi loa, akā inā i hiki mai nā loli kūlohelohe i ka paia o ka moku, ua nalowale kēia hui.
- E hoʻomaikaʻi i ka trophism, ʻoi aku ka ʻaila palaho a me nā mea hoʻoikaika o ke kahe e hoʻolalelale i nā hana metabolic i loko o nā pū. Kēia Actovegin, Trental, nā huaora o nā hui C, B, E ma ka hana o nā antioxidants a me nā mea mua no ka synthes o nā mea hou no ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻihoʻi wikiwiki ʻana i nā hana i hoʻopau ʻia.
- Hāʻawi ʻia nā Angioprotectors e pale i nā hoʻopiʻi a me ka pale ʻana i ka holomua o ke kaʻina pili. Pākuʻi iā Parmidin, Quercetin, Dicinon.
- Hoʻolaha ʻia ka maʻi maʻi Symptomatic me antispasmodics (Dibazol, Papaverin, No-Shpa, Pentoxifylline), nā mea hōʻeha.
Hoʻokomo ka hana hoʻopihapiha ka angioplasty ma lalo o ka mana o ka manual, ka hoʻolauna ʻana i kahi sten arterial a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka moku i hoʻopili ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pāʻina ballon. Ua kiʻekiʻe loa ka pono o kēia mau hana.
ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka pale ʻana i kahi maʻi ma mua o ka mālama ʻana iā ia. I ka hihia o ka lawe ʻana i ka atherosclerosis o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ke hōʻike ʻia nei ka mālama ʻana i kaʻai me ka hoʻole ʻole ʻana o nā nui nui o nā momona holoholona i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me ka paʻakai o ka ma mua o 6 g i kēlā me kēia lā. Pono e hōʻalo i nā hoʻohui, neʻe hou a hele i ka physiotherapy.
Pehea e mālama ai i ka atherosclerosis o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ke wikiō i kēia ʻatikala.
