Hoʻokumu ka pancreas i nā enzyme digestive, ʻo ia paha nā mea paʻakikī loa i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i kekahi ʻano meaʻai i loko o nā ʻāpana maʻalahi, ma laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kā lākou assimilation.
Eia naʻe, ma muli o kekahi mau maʻi, aia ka hala ʻana o ka kahe ʻana o nā kinipona hoʻoneʻe mai ka huina, i mea ai ka pohō o ka pancreas. ʻO kahi kūlana weliweli loa kēia e hopohopo nei i kahi hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole wale nō i ke olakino akā iā ke ola kanaka.
No laila, he mea pono i nā maʻi āpau me nā maʻi maʻi pancreatic e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka pankreatic pancreatic, he aha ke kumu, he aha nā hōʻailona e hōʻike ai i kēia maʻi, pehea e hoʻoponopono pono ai a mālama iā ia. E kōkua kēia i ka manawa e ʻike i nā hōʻailona mua o kahi maʻi formidable a pale aku i ka mea maʻi mai ka maʻi a me ka make.
ʻO keʻano pancreatic
ʻO ka pancreas ka nui maikaʻi loa i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka. Hana ia i nā hana koʻikoʻi i ka manawa hoʻokahi - hana ia i ka hoʻoneʻe o ka huina o ka pono i ka hoʻokaʻina ʻana o nā protein, nā momona, a me nā hāmeʻe, a me nā mea huna honi e paipai i ka uptake glucose a mālama i ke kō kō koko.
Kūkulu ʻia nā ʻano wai pancreatic i loko o ka kelomi a ninini ʻia ma ke kumu nui i loko o ka duodenum, kahi a lākou e komo ai i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i ka meaʻai. Ke hoʻoikaika nui nei kēia mau enzyme a hiki ke wāwahi i kekahi mau momona a me nā protein o ka mea kanu a me nā holoholona holoholona, me ka ʻaole maʻalahi a paʻakikī.
Kuhi ʻia nā ʻano waiwai o ka pancreas e kekahi nui o nā huina o ka huna ʻia e nā ʻona. No laila, kaukaʻi nā kauka i ka pancreas i nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi, me ka ʻole o ka hiki ke hana maʻamau.
Ka hoʻohālikelike a me nā ʻano waiwai o ka waiū pancreatic:
- Amylase - pono no ka hydrolysis o kālaiā, no ke kō a me ke glycogenado glucose;
- Lipase - e haki ana i nā ʻano momona āpau, polyunsaturated a me nā momona momona o ka saturated, a me nā momona momona i hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia ka A, D, E, K;
- ʻO ka pancreatic elastase wale nō ka enzyme e hiki ai ke wāwahi i ka elastin a me nā kolene collagen i loko o ka ʻili hoʻohui;
- Nukleasea - e komo pū kekahi helu o nā enzyme (exonuclease, endonuclease, ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, palena iki, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) e pono ai no ka hydrolysanucleic acid, me nā DNA a me RNA;
- Carboxypeptidase, trypsin a me ka chymotrypsin-pale i nā ʻano o nā protein āpau e hoʻokuʻu ai i nā waʻa amino.
ʻO ka noho kaʻawale ʻana o nā enzyme pancreatic e kōkua i ka hohonu o ka pancreas. ʻO nā ʻōnaehana o ka parasympathetic, sympathetic a me metasympathetic i loko o ke ʻano o nā nano hina, ka ʻiʻo nui nui, ka celiac nerve plexus a me ka gangalī intramural no ia mea.
ʻO lākou ka hapa o ka pūnaehana autonomic, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hana ana me ka ʻole o ka ʻike ʻole mai nā wahi kiʻekiʻe o ka lolo.
ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻoiai e ʻai ana i ka meaʻai, ka hoʻoilo ʻia ʻana o ka enzyme pancreatic i ʻole, me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka ʻona noʻonoʻo ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kanaka.
Nā kumu o Pancreatonecrosis
ʻO nā kumu no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā pancreas hiki ke ʻano ʻē, akā ʻo ka manawa pinepine kēia maʻi e loaʻa ana i ka maʻi hōʻino a me ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka maʻi maʻi pancreatic ke maʻi maʻi ʻaʻole wale nō nā kānaka e inu maʻamau i ka ʻona, akā ʻo ka poʻe inu wai ʻolua, akā hiki i ka nui.
ʻO kaʻai a me ka waiʻona e hōʻemi i nā hana pale o ka pancreas, hoʻonui i ka mea huna o ka wai pancreatic, hoʻonāukiuki i ka lawehala o nā kumulāʻau a hoʻonāukiuki i ka puka o nā enzymes i ka duodenum. A ʻo kahi kumu, ʻo ka hoʻōla ʻana o nā enzyme digestive i loko o ka wahī, e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻopōʻino loa o ka enzymatic i ka uʻi kino a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana iho.
I kēia kūlana, hoʻomāluuhulu nui ka mea maʻi i ka pancreatic necrosis, a make ka nui o nā mea make. Eia kekahi, i loko o nā mea he nui, ʻike ʻia ka pōʻino o vascular, a laila komo ke wai o ka pancreatic i ka ʻōnaehana kao a lele a puni ke kino o ka kino, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka hopena pōʻino ma luna o ia.
ʻO ka pinepine me nā pankreatic pancreatic, me nā enzyme digestive, nā huaka pyogenic e like me ka streptococci a me ka staphylococci e komo i ke koko. Ma muli o kēia, hoʻonui ka mea maʻi i ka sepsis - kahi hoʻopiʻi weliweli no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka pancreatic, pono ia i ka mālama maʻi.
ʻO nā kumu o ka necrosis pancreatic:
- ʻO ka inu waiʻona i ka nui;
- ʻO ka overeating maʻamau a me ka nui o ka momona a me nā meaʻai ʻai, nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe, ke kōpaʻa ʻawaʻawa a me nā mea kuʻuna i ka meaʻai;
- Nā ʻolima
- ʻO kahi ulia Gastric a me duodenal;
- Hoʻopau i nā maʻi maʻi viral;
- Ka maʻi hoʻokaumaha
- Ke lawe nei i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: Azathioprine, Metronidazole, Tetracycline, Isoniazid, Aspirin a me nā salicylates ʻē aʻe;
- ʻO ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiaiʻo amphetamine a me iopiates;
- ʻO ka makeʻana o ka meaʻai;
- Nā hōʻeha ʻino.
Nā Hoʻomaka
ʻO ka manawa pinepine loa, ʻo ka pancreatic necrosis he hoʻopiʻi o nā maʻi a me nā maʻi puhaka. No laila, ʻo nā mea maʻi i loaʻa mua i ka maʻi o ka pancreas e pili pono ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia maʻi ʻeha.
Hoʻolaha ʻekolu o nā holomua o ka pancreas. I ka laʻi mua, ʻike ka mea maʻi i ka malaise, ka mea pinepine e hui pū ai me ka inu nui a i ʻole inu wai. A laila, hoʻopiʻi ka stool stool, nausea, luaʻi a me ka mai iā ia.
Ma ka lua o ka maʻi o ka maʻi, i ka wā e hoʻopili ai nā kino o nā gland i ko lākou iho eni pancreatic, ulu ka ʻeha nui i loko o ke kino me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka nui o ka pus. I kēia manawa, ua kūkulu ʻia nā wahi āpau o nā ʻōpala make i ka pancreas e loaʻa ai ka hoʻohālikelike o ke kino.
ʻO ka kolu o ka lā o ka maʻi e hōʻike ana iā ia iho ma ke ʻano o ka pankrosis pancreatic piha, e uhi ana i nā pūnaʻi a pau o ke kino. Ma kēia hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi, hele ka kaʻili a me ke kino a puni nā ʻili a me nā ʻāpana, a pili i ka spleen, duodenum a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ke ʻano nui o ka mumū e hiki ai ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hina ʻole o ke kino, kahi kahi maʻi make a i ka nui loa nā hihia e alakaʻi i ka make o ka mea maʻi. No laila, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he maʻi maʻi ka pancreatic e hoʻoweliweli i ka ola o ka mea maʻi a koi i ka resuscitation koke iho.
Nā hōʻailona nui i ka ʻokiʻoki o ka pancreatic:
- ʻO ka ʻeha koʻikoʻi i ka hypochondrium hema. Ma kahi o 50% o nā mea maʻi e wehewehe iā ia me kahi ʻeha hōʻeha ʻole e hiki ʻole ke hōʻoluʻolu ʻia e kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻeha. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻo ia i ke kua, poʻohiwi, ʻaoʻao hema a me ka ʻāpana o ka puʻuwai. No kēia kumu, uaʻai ʻole nā pancreatic necrosis me ka myocardial infarction;
- Kāhea maikaʻi ʻole me ka hoʻomaha ʻole. Inā ua ulu ka mea maʻi i kahi palala o nā pili koko ma ka luaa, hiki mai paha ke koko;
- Hoʻohuʻi ka hōʻailona o ka hepatitis i ka bile, ka aniani o ka ʻili a me nā ʻili o nā maka. Me nā nekrosis pancreatic, hōʻeha ka hōʻeha o ka ate, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka palaka o ka ate;
- Hono, hoʻāla, wela;
- 'O ka constipation, i ulu ana ma muli o ka hoʻolaha piha' ana o ka nūwali hana;
- Nui nā maʻi a me ka hoʻonaninani a ka peritoneum;
- ʻO ka waha maloʻo maikaʻi loa, kahi hōʻailona i hōʻemi ʻia i ka nui o nā urine, hiki i ka hoʻomohalaʻana o ka hana renal;
- ʻO kahi emi nui o ke kahe koko;
- ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana, pinepine ʻia nā hoʻoulu ʻana, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka hoʻonāukiuki nui o ke kino;
- Kūkulu ka bruising brown i loko o ka hypochondrium hema, ke ʻano o ke kīpē i ka ʻaoʻao hema a kokoke i ke aka;
- ʻO ka huki, ka mea e wehewehe ʻia e ka piʻi ʻana o ke kōhi koko i ka pae koʻikoʻi.
He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo e hiki ke lilo ka pancreatic necrosis i ka makua wale nō, akā i ka keiki. I ke wā kamaliʻi, hiki i kēia maʻi ke ulu wikiwiki a alakaʻi i ka hāʻule, ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi pākē o ke koko.
ʻO kahi hoʻopiʻi olakino maikaʻi loa kēia, ʻo ka hopena o ka mea pinepine i ka vascular insufficiency a me ka make o ka mea maʻi.
Naʻi hoʻolika
Pono ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā nekrosis pancreatic i ka wikiwiki, ʻoiai me kēia maʻi i kēlā me kēia minuke. Ma kahi o ka gastroenterologist, ʻo ke kauka a me ka resuscitator e komo pū i ka hoʻokolokolo o ka mea maʻi, ka mea e loiloi i ka hōʻeha o ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi a lawe i nā hana a pau e pono ai e mālama i kona ola.
ʻO ka mea nui ka nui o nā ala diagnostic āpau no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka enzyme pancreatic i loko o ke koko a me ka ʻili, inā paha, kahi hōʻike amylase. Inā ʻike ʻia kahi kiʻekiʻe o kēia enzyme i ke koko o ke kanaka, a laila e hōʻike pololei nei kēia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka necrosis pancreatic.
ʻO kekahi mea nui nui ka maʻi diagnostic he hōʻike koko no ka helu ʻai koko keʻokeʻo a me ka pākēnika erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Inā piʻi nui kēia mau ʻōuli i kēia manawa, a laila e hōʻike ana i ke ala o kahi kaʻina koʻikoʻi nui i ke kino o ka mea maʻi.
Eia kekahi, inā ua kānalua ka pancreatic necrosis, hoʻouna koke ʻia ka mea maʻi no kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo (ultrasound), kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke ʻano o ke ake o ka maʻi pancreatic, a ʻike i nā hakakā fuzzy a me nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ʻano o ka ʻano o ka necrosis kiko.
Ke hoʻohana nei i ka tomography compute (CT) a me ka imaging magnetic resonance (MRI), hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i kahi kiʻi ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kelepona maʻi ma mua o ka ultrasound. No laila, ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia mau kaʻina hana e koho ai i ka wahi kūpono o ka necrosis kiko, me nā kīʻaha liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi e ʻike i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi i ka pili palolo a me nā ʻaoʻao.
ʻO ka Angiography kahi noiʻi noiʻi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke nānā i kahi kaʻe o ka hoʻokahe koko ma nā wahi o ka pancreas i pā ʻia e ka necrosis, me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko nui, i nā maʻi hepatic a me gastro-duodenal.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa
ʻO ka mea mua e hana me ka pancreatic necrosis ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka pancreas me ka hoʻomaha piha. No kēia, ʻaʻole āʻai ʻia ka mea maʻi e hana i kahi hana kino, e ʻai i ka meaʻai a me ka mea inu. Ke lawe ʻia nei ka hānai o ka mea maʻi i ka intravenously wale nō.
Me kēia maʻi, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka mea maʻi i ka holoi ʻana i ka ʻōpū me ka wai anu e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ia i ka lepo ʻai. ʻAe kēia iā ʻoe e kāpae i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana a hōʻemi i ka hana o nā enzyme pancreatic.
ʻO kekahi o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi loa no ka mālama ʻana i ka decreposation pancreatic ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻehaʻeha. No kēia hana, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau like, e like me ka analgin, baralgin a me ka amidopyrine, e mālama ʻia ana i ka mea maʻi ma ka ʻohi intravenous.
Eia kekahi, no ke kumu o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka ʻeha, nā droppers mai kahi hoʻoliʻi glucose-novocaine i loko o kahi nui o ka lita 1-2 e hoʻohana ʻia. i ka la. Me nā ʻehaʻeha ʻole, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka mea maʻi i kahi blockoc novocaine, e hoʻopau ana i nā sindromes ʻehaʻeha ākea a hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi hopena analgesic wikiwiki loa.
E hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha ma muli o ka spasm o ke kino i hoʻopili ʻia, antispasmodics, no ka laʻana, papaverine, nopa, platifillin, e lawelawe ʻia ana i kekahi kanaka. Eia kekahi, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka mea maʻi i ke ʻano o ka diuretics, e like me ka lasix a me ka furosemide, ka mea e hāʻawi ai i ka hoʻomaha piha ʻana o ka kapreatic capsule.
ʻO ka mea nui no ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi maʻi, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā antibiotics, e hakakā pono i ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka luku ʻana i nā huakini pyogenic, e hoʻonui ana i ka hōʻino ʻana i ke kino. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka mea maʻi me ka pancreatic necrosis e hānai ʻia e inu i ka antihistamines e hoʻopau koke i ka ʻōpū o ka iwi.
Hoʻomaʻi mau ʻia ka hana ʻana no ka pancreatic necrosis i ke kaʻina hana, i lawe ʻia ʻia ma ka lā ʻelima wale nō, ma hope o ka hoʻokipa ʻana o ka mea maʻi. I loko o kēia manawa, hoʻokele nā kauka e pani i ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka maʻi, pale i ka pālahalaha ʻana o ka maʻi i nā ʻola olakino a hoʻēmi i ka hopena o nā hihia postoperative.
I ka wā o ka hana ma ka pancreas, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka mea make, ua maloʻo i ke kino, hoʻohemo ʻia i ke kahe koko, a hoʻihoʻi hou i ka pehu maʻamau o nā enzyme pancreatic. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, hiki i ka mea maʻi ke koi aku i kekahi mau papa holo ʻana.
Eia nō hoʻi, i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana o ka necrosis pancreatic, ua hoʻokō ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai e hoʻoikaika i ka hana o nā ʻōpū o ka pūpū a pale i ka mea maʻi mai ke kīhāpai ʻana o ka maʻi. ʻO ka papa nui o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hale i loko o ka haukapila ke mālama i kahi mau mahina.
ʻO kekahi loea i ka wikiō ma kēia atikala e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka pankreatic pancreatic.
