ʻO ka maʻi diabetes mellitus kahi maʻi endocrine hikiʻole ke hoʻopau ʻia a mau loa aku. Loaʻa ka pōʻino o ka maʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole ia e mālama i ke kino o nā keiki. Nui a loaʻa nā mea e kuhi wale nei i kēia mea, no ka laʻana, nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kino a me ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina. ʻAʻole pili ke ʻano o ke kāne o ke keiki a me kāna lāhui.
Akā, i ko mākou manawa, me ka mālama kūpono a me ka mālama ʻana i ka manawa o ka pae o ka glycemia, hiki ke uku no ka maʻi, he kuleana nui ke keiki i ke alakaʻi ʻana i kahi ʻano maʻamau, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ʻole kona mau maka.
Pono nā makua o kahi keiki maʻi maʻi e hele i nā papa kūikawā kahi i aʻo ʻia ai lākou e mākaukau no nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole i hiki ke ola i ke ola. Pono lākou e ʻike pehea e hana ai i ka hoʻoliʻu glucose koko ma luna o lākou iho a hoʻokomo i ka insulin.
ʻO nā kumu o ka maʻi maʻi i nā keiki
Hoʻololi ʻia ka maʻi diabetes mellitus i nā keiki e nā ʻano mea hilahila like ʻole, akā like ka like me kā lākou hana: ʻo nā moku ʻo Langerhans, nona ke kuleana o ka insulin e pono ai e mālama i ka kaulike o ka glucose, make ma luna o ka manawa a kāpae i ka hoʻokō i kā lākou hana.
I kekahi mau hihia, hele a maʻi mellitus ma hope o nā maʻi ʻeha, ʻoiai ka pale ʻana o ke keiki, ke hakakā nei me ka maʻi, ua koi ʻia ka hoʻouka ʻana i kāna mau pūlama.
Aia nā hōʻike no ka impetus no ka maʻi maʻi i ke keiki:
- predisposition genetic;
- makaʻu, hoʻokaumaha;
- kaumaha, momona.
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, pono ke ʻano o ke pēpē ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana o kahi pediatrician, ke kaumaha, ua hōʻike ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Inā pono, e kuhikuhi ʻia nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau, kōkua lākou i ke kauka e loiloi i ke ʻano o ke olakino o ke keiki i nā wahi like i kona ola. Ma mua o nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia, e nānā pinepine ʻia ke keiki, ʻaʻole e hala ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kaʻina pili. ʻO kahi mea hoʻonāukiuki paha paha ka insulin mellitus-diabetes mellitus i loko o nā mākua a i kekahi o lākou.
Ke kaumaha loa kekahi keiki, alakaʻi ʻo ia i kahi ola luhi, hōʻike iā ia e hōʻike ʻia e ka endocrinologist e kāpae i ka hopena o ka hyperglycemia. ʻAno ke kauka i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā mea hōʻike kaupaona momona, ka hemo ʻana o ka overeating, a hōʻike i ka hana kino i lawa i ka makahiki a me ke hiki. Hāʻawi kēia mau hana maʻalahi i ka lawe ʻana i ka metabolism i kahi kūlana kūlike, a lilo i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes.
Pono ʻoe e ʻike aia i loko o ke ola o kahi keiki aia kekahi mau manawa i ka wā ʻoi loa kāna pilikia. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes i ka makahiki o 4-6 mau makahiki, 12-15 mau makahiki.
ʻO ia, ʻo ke keiki he 3 mau makahiki ʻaʻole eʻokiʻoki i ka maʻi ma mua o kahi makahiki 5.
ʻO nā hōʻike mua o ka maʻi diabetes i nā keiki
Ke hōʻike nei kahi hōʻike i kahi helu kiʻekiʻe, nui ka hopena e loaʻa ana i ka maʻi diabetes. Inā loaʻa nā mea kūlohelohe, hāʻawi ʻia ke koko no ke kōpaʻa ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia hapalua o ka makahiki, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
ʻOiai ma mua o kahi hoʻokolokolo koko, hiki i nā mākua ke manaʻo e loaʻa ka maʻi o ke keiki ma muli o nā hōʻailona ʻano. Hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana ma o ka wikiwiki wikiwiki loa, ka makewai nui loa, ka hoʻomalo ʻana i waho o ka ʻili, nā membrane mucous. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka maʻi diabetes mellitus i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui ʻana i ka paona kino, ʻike kō.
Hoʻolima pū kēlā me kēlā me kēia hōʻailona i ka neʻe me ka hyperglycemia, pili pono nā kīʻaha koko a me nā ʻōpū o loko, pilikia ke kino i ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻike hoʻohiki maʻamau. Inā make a ʻike ʻia kekahi a i ʻole a i ʻole nā hōʻailona iā lākou iho, e hōʻike ʻia e ʻimi i ke aʻo ʻana i kahi pediatrician, kauka ʻohana a i ʻole ka endocrinologist.
No ka hana ʻana i kahi maʻi maʻi, pono ʻoe e lawe i kahi hoʻāʻo koko koko:
- hana pinepine ʻia ka ʻoliʻoli koko ma luna o kahi ʻōpū ʻole, ma ka hopena o ka 4.6 mmol / l;
- ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, hoʻonui ʻia kēia helu e 8-10 mau kuhi.
Nā ʻano maʻi maʻi
ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi i nā keiki a me nā pākeke e nānā pinepine ʻia e nā pae. I ka papa mua, ʻaʻole pono ʻo glycemia ma mua o 8 mmol / l, ʻaʻole ia e loli iki i ka lā, ʻo glucosuria a ma kahi o 20 g / l, ʻaʻole pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau, i kekahi manawa lawa wale ka meaʻai kūpono.
Aia ke kekona hiki i ka pae glycemia a hiki i 14 mmol / l i ke kakahiaka, a ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka glucosuria ma mua o 40 g / l, hoʻomohala ka mea maʻi, ua hōʻike ʻia nā inikua o ka insulin, nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi.
Me ke kolu o ke kolu, ua piʻi ka pae o ke kō ma 14 mmol / l a kiʻekiʻe loa, i ka lā e holo ai kēia hōʻailona. ʻO Glucosuria - ma kahi o 50 g / l, mālama ʻia ka ketosis, hōʻike ʻia ke kuhikuhi pinepine i ka insulin.
ʻO ka maʻi diabetes he 2 mau ʻano nui, a me kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole, ua ʻike ʻia lākou e ko lākou pathogenesis a me nā etiology. No laila, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia maʻi maʻi:
- ʻAkahi 1 (diabetes maʻi-dependence). Me ia, hiki i ka nele o ka insulin ke kūʻokoʻa loa, hoʻopiʻi ʻia e ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā peka pancreatic, koi i ka hoʻololi mau ʻana o ka insulin;
- 2 mau ʻano (kūʻokoʻa kūmole-insulin). I kēia hihia, ua hua ʻia ka hormone, akā ua nalowale nā kino o ke kino iā ia, ʻaʻole lākou e komo i ka insulin. Pono e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā haʻahaʻa glucose.
Pehea e lapaʻau ai?
Ma nā 98% o nā hihia, kūkulu nā keiki i kahi ʻano like ole o ka insulin i ka maʻi maʻi i ka manawa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōla mau loa.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā cell pancreatic i kēia hihia ke hakahaka i kahi nui o ka insulin hormone, no laila pono ke hoʻopili hou iā ia.
Pono ka mea maʻi e loaʻa i ka insulin me nā inikua maʻamau.
ʻO ka mea nui o ka ʻoihana ka mālama ʻana i ka honu koko inā kū ʻole nā ana ʻoi:
- hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka pae o ka glycemia ma kahi pae e pono ai;
- no laila ke hōʻemi ʻia o ka pilikia o nā hōʻeha.
Mākaukau nā mākua no ka hoʻomaka ʻana i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e kūʻē ana i ka ʻamala o ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka mea ʻoi loa ka weliweli iā lākou he hypoglycemic coma, pili ia i kahi kūlana o kahi hāʻule wikiwiki i kahi kahe o ke koko. Hiki i ke keiki ke hāʻule i loko o kēia moku'āina i kēlā me kēia manawa. No laila, pono e noʻonoʻo i kahi meaʻai e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā hoʻokaʻina o ke kō. Inā ke neʻe nei ke keiki, pono ʻo ia e lawe i ka ʻai ma waena o nā pāʻina.
ʻO kahi mea nui pono kaʻai kūpono. Ke koho nei ke kauka i ka ʻōpū o ka hormone, hoʻomaka mai kahi kīʻai e ʻai ai ke keiki i ka ʻai, hiki i ka ʻai ke loaʻa nā ʻano ʻoliʻu like ʻole. ʻO ke kumu no ke ana ʻana i ka huahana diabetes hika o ka ʻāpana berena (XE). Hāʻawi kekahi kauka i ke nānā i kahi keiki i nā mākua me nā mea e wehewehe i ka nui o nā hua berena i loaʻa ai kahi huahana, no ka laʻana:
- 3 XE - ʻo ia hoʻi 6 punetēp o oatmeal;
- 9 XE - ʻo ia hoʻi 9 punetēpuni o ka cereal (ma kahi ʻano maloʻo).
Hoʻopilikia ka Hyperglycemia i ke ola kanaka, me ia, ma hope o ka hapalua o ka makahiki e hoʻomohala ʻia, ka ʻano o nā pā o nā kīʻaha koko, nā hewa o nā kino pilikino.
Ke hele pinepine ka hyperglycemia, pono e nānā i ka hopena o ka insulin, ʻo ia paha ke kumu e pakele ai ka maʻi maʻi.
He aha nā mea e noʻonoʻo ai
Ma kahi o ka mālama ʻana i kahi kūlana o ke ola, kahi e kau ai i kahi meaʻai kūikawā, ka hana kino, a me ka hoʻonaninani insulin, he mea nui ia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka manawa kūpono e nā kauka a hana i nā hoʻokolohua. Inā mālama ʻole ʻoe i kēia ʻōlelo hōʻike, pili ka maʻi maʻi i nā kino kūloko a me nā ʻōnaehana: nā pili koko, ka ʻili, ka puʻuwai, nā ʻōpū, nā maka.
Hāʻawi nā kauka i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e mālama pono i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, e mālama i ka ʻili, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kūlana o nā wāwae o ke keiki. Me ka paleʻole o nā kaola kino, hōʻeu pinepine nā hōʻeha i nā mea ʻaʻole e ho'ōla no ka manawa lōʻihi, pono lākou e nānā pono e kekahi loea. Ma kahi o ʻelua mau makahiki ʻelua i hōʻike ʻia e ʻimi e aʻo.
- ʻimi lima;
- neurologist;
- ophthalmologist.
I ka nīnau inā hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka maʻi maʻi i loko o kahi keiki, ʻaʻohe pane pololei. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi inā hoʻomaka ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi type 2 ma ka mua. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke lanakila i ka maʻi o kēia ʻano a i nā hana koʻikoʻi keu.
I ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi keiki i ka lolo kuʻuna 1, hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia i ke ʻano lā o ka lā o ka lā, he ala wale nō e ola piha ai. Pono ke ʻano o nā hana i haʻalele ʻole ʻia o ka maʻi e hoʻohana i nā hana kūpeʻe.
Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia nā maʻi ma o nā ʻano kanaka? ʻAe, akā pili i ka ʻae a me kāu kauka. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa kahi keiki i kahi ʻano hilinaʻi i loko o ka insulin, he mea nui ia nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Loaʻa i ka maikaʻi o nā hana i hāpai ʻia i nā ʻano he nui.
- ʻano maʻi o ke ʻano maʻi;
- ʻaʻole pili ke makahiki o ke keiki (ka wahine);
- hoʻopaʻi ma ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ʻōlelo hōʻike;
- kahi i ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi.
I ka loaʻa ʻana o ke keiki a me ka predisposition genetic i ka lolo a me nā mākua e loaʻa ana i ka hyperglycemia, hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻonā'ōnaehana ʻana i nā glucose koko me kahi glucometer a hoʻomanawanui i nā hoʻokolokolo pale. Hāʻawi kēia mau hana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pathology ma ka hoʻomaka mua o kona hoʻomohala ʻana, e ola ana ka mālama ʻana.
No laila, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī e pane i ka nīnau inā hiki ke mālama ʻia ka lāʻau maʻi, inā e kōkua ʻia kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e noʻonoʻo i kahi hihia.
Pehea e pale aku ai i nā hoʻopiʻi
Aia aia kekahi manawa e pale aku ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻano i haʻalele ʻia i ka maʻi, inā ʻaʻole mākou e haʻalele i ka kīʻaha meaʻai o ke keiki e pōʻino ana i ka maʻi maʻi a me ke hoʻonui ʻana i nā kau kō.
- ʻai momona, iʻa;
- palaoa, kaiehina, pastina, pasta;
- nā hua momona, nā ʻuala, nā puku;
- pata, lard.
Ke ʻike nei nā mākua i kahi makemake o kahi keiki e hoʻonui i ke kō, e mālama lākou i kā lākou ʻai.
Me kahi kānalua o ke koko o 14 mmol / l, pono e hāʻawi i ke keiki e ʻai i nā wahi liʻiliʻi, pono ke kaupaʻa ka ʻai mua. Maikaʻi i ke olakino o ke keiki e hōʻike ana i nā haʻuki, a i ka hapalua ikaika. I ka hanana nui ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glycemia, ua pāpā ʻia ka hana kino, hiki iā ia ke hana ʻino.
Wahi a nā helu helu, ma kahi o 6% o nā poʻe a puni ka honua e noho me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, a, akā naʻe, aia ka nui o nā keiki i waena o nā mea maʻi. No laila, ʻo ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi, ua ʻoi aku ka nīnau o ka nīnau ma mua o ka nui.
I kēia lā, hoʻomohala ʻia ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi hānai i nā keiki o nā makahiki a pau. ʻO kekahi o nā kuhikuhi o kāna hana he mau pono e kōkua e hoʻomōla i nā cell beta inā ua hoʻomaka wale ka maʻi. No ka hoʻokō i kēia manaʻo, pono ia e pale i ka pancreas mai ka hōʻekele ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana.
I ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala, e haʻi aku ʻo Kauka Komarovsky iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka maʻi kamaliʻi.
