Eia naʻe, ke hoʻonui nei ka nui o nā poʻe i maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ke hele nei i kahi hōʻike koko, pono i nā mea maʻi ke hoʻomau hou i ka nānā ʻana i ka hemoglobin glycated, pehea e lawe ai ma luna o ka ʻōpū ʻole a i ʻole, ʻike ka mea kauka komo.
Hoʻākāka ʻia kēlā ʻano hoʻohālikelike inā hōʻike ka mea maʻi i ka piʻi nui o ke kō i loko o ke koko venous a capillary koko. Ua wehewehe ʻo ia i ke kiʻi piha o ka maʻi, me kona kōkua ke hiki ke hoʻokūpaʻa i ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi.
Eia nō naʻe, he nui ka manawa o ka hoʻokolohua glycated hemoglobin: hōʻike ia i ka awelika o ka glucose koko ma mua o nā mahina ʻekolu i hala. He aha ia a pehea e lawe ai? E hoʻāʻo kākou e nānā.
He aha ka hemoglobin glycated?
ʻO ka molekole ʻōmaʻomaʻo kūikawā, ʻo ka hemoglobin he ʻāpana o nā kaila ʻula. ʻO kāna hana nui, ʻo ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka oxygen mai nā māmā mai nā palu a pau o ke kino, a mai lākou - ke hoʻi mai o carbon dioxide (CO2) i hope i ka māmā. ʻO kēia molekue molekala he ʻāpana o nā meaolaola āpau i loaʻa ka ʻōnaehana kao.
Hoʻoloka ʻia ʻo Hemoglobin i kekahi mau ʻano, akā ʻo ka hemoglobin-A ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau. Ke ʻano nei he ʻano helu 95 no ka hemoglobin piha. Ua ʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Hemoglobin-A i kekahi mau ʻāpana, ʻo ia kekahi o A1C. ʻO ia ka mea hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka glucose, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo glycation a i ʻole glycation. A nui nā biochemist i kapa i kēia mau kaʻina ʻo Maillard.
ʻO ka waiwai o ka hemoglobin glycated e kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā nele ka pākeke kalaiʻa, i ka maʻi diabetes o kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe. Aia kahi pilina pololei ma waena o ka pae glucose a me ka nui o ka glycation: ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko koko, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka glycation.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke aʻo ʻana ma muli o ka manawa i noho ai a me ka hana o nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula e pili ana i ʻekolu mahina.
No laila, ʻike pono ʻia ka nānā ʻana o ka glucose i kēia mau manawa.
ʻO wai e pono e hoʻohālikelike ʻia?
Inā mākou e hoʻohālikelike i kahi papa koko no ke kō a me ka hoʻokahe koko no ka hemoglobin glycated, a laila ʻo ka hope ka mea kūpono loa.
Ke hele nei i kahi loiloi maʻamau, hiki i nā mea he nui ke hoʻopiʻi i nā hopena, no ka laʻana, hiki i kahi mea maʻi ke hele nui loa me nā kuʻekuʻe, loaʻa kahi maʻi hopokopo a maʻi viral paha, ola i nā haunaele a me nā like. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka hemoglobin glycated, i mālama ʻia i loko o kahi manawa o ʻekolu mau mahina, hiki ke hōʻike pololei i nā kiko gula o ka mea maʻi.
Aia nā kauka lāʻau o kēia noiʻi no ka poʻe olakino. Akā me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes, ua nui aʻe ka nui o ke kō ma mua o kēia mau mana maʻamau. Ke hana nei ka ʻikepili ʻaʻole wale no ke hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka patolo, akā ke ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka pono o kāna mālama ʻana. Ma ka hopena o nā hopena hōʻike kiʻekiʻe, hoʻonā ke kauka i ka hoʻoponopono lāʻau lapaʻau o ka mea maʻi, inā he hoʻomehana ʻana a i ʻole e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau hypoglycemic.
No laila, ua kuhikuhi ka mea hele i ka papa hana i ka pau ʻana o ke aʻo ʻana ma kēia mau kūlana.
- ka nānā ʻana a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka pono o ka mālama ʻana;
- ka mālama lōʻihi ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes;
- hou aku ka ʻike no ka hoʻoliʻi hoʻoliʻi glucose;
- ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o kahi wahine i ka wā e hāpai ana i kahi keiki e hoʻoholo i ka maʻi maʻi.
E like me nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe, aia ka hōʻike ʻana i ka hemoglobin glycated a me kona mau hiʻohiʻona ponoʻī a me nā lula o ka hoʻopuka ʻana, pono e hahai me nā koʻikoʻi a pau.
Nā rula no ka hoʻomākaukau no ka nānā ʻana
I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe mākau kānāwai nā kānāwai no ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko. He nui ka poʻe i makemake i ka lawe ʻana: ma ka ʻōpū ʻole a i ʻole? He mea ʻole loa ia, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe hopohopo inā he kanaka kīloi i kī kī Ke aʻo ʻia nei no kahi ʻekolu mahina e hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka hemoglobin glycated piha.
No ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, lawe ʻia ke koko manamana, ʻo ka maʻamau ka nui o ka pā i 3 cubic centimeters. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā, ʻaʻole wale nō ma ke kakahiaka. ʻAʻole pili ʻia ka hōʻike ʻo ka hōʻike ma ka hauʻoli a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Akā ʻo ka lilo nui o ke koko ma mua o ka aʻo ʻana e hoʻohuli i nā hopena. Pili pū kēia i nā wahine i loaʻa nā manawa koʻikoʻi. No laila, i kēlā manawa, pono ke kamaʻilio e kamaʻilio me ke kauka, nāna e kau i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa no kekahi manawa.
I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea maʻi i ka hopena o kahi hōʻike ma kona mau lima, a maʻamau ʻo kēia ma mua o 3 mau lā, ʻike ʻo ia i ka "HbA1c" - kēia ke ʻano o ka hōʻike no ka hemoglobin glycated. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia nā kumukūʻai i nā ʻāpana like ʻole, no ka laʻana, i ka%, mmol / mol, mg / dl a me mmol / L.
He aha ka hopohopo i nā mea maʻi e hana ana i ka nānā ʻana no ka manawa mua ʻo ia ke kumu kūʻai.
Inā hāʻawi ʻoe i ke koko i loko o kahi keʻena pilikino pilikino, a ma ke ʻano he nui kāu e hoʻopau ai mai 300 a 1200 rubles.
Nā waiwai kaulike glycated hemoglobin
ʻO nā mea hōʻike o ka hemoglobin glycated he kūʻokoʻa o ka wahine a me nā makahiki.
I nā poʻe olakino, ʻike mai nā helu mai ka 4 a 6%.
Hōʻike nā mana o ka kuhikuhi i luna a i lalo paha paha i kahi kaʻe o ka metabolism a me ka maʻi diabetes.
ʻO nā kumu hemoglobin e pili ana i ka waiwai o ke kino:
- Mai ka 4 a 6% ke kumu maʻamau.
- Mai 5.7 a 6.5% he mea kue i ka hoʻomanawanui o ka glucose, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka prediabetes.
- Mai 6.5% - maʻi maʻi.
Eia kekahi, ʻoiai inā he ola maikaʻi kekahi, pono ia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kēia hōʻike mai ka manawa mai ka wā e loaʻa ai iā ia nā hoahānau me ka maʻi diabetes.
Pono nā pilikia o nā wahine hāpai i ka wā maʻi no ka mea maʻi maʻamau gestational. I ka wā o ka hānau ʻana o kahi keiki, hiki i kekahi mau loli ke ʻano o ke kino o ka mea e kali ʻia ana, i ka hormonal kūikawā. Hoʻokomo ka plasenta i nā kūmole e kū'ē i ka insulin. Ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻole i pau ka pancreas i ka kaumaha, a ua kīkī ka metabolism o ka wahine. ʻIke lākou ma mua o ka noiʻi inā:
- predisposition genetic i ka diabetes;
- momona;
- polyhydramnios;
- ʻōhua wana polycystic;
- pēpē hānau.
He aha nā hopena o ka hemoglobin glycated no ka maʻi maʻi? Hoʻopilikia pinepine ʻia kēia maʻi ma nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ia nei ka maikaʻi loa o ka maʻi diabetes no ka 6.5%, no laila pono ka poʻe maʻi e hoʻoikaika e hoʻokō i kēia māka. Nā huaʻala ʻē aʻe e kuhikuhi ʻia:
- ʻOi aku ma mua o 6% - nā manaʻo o ke kō kiʻekiʻe.
- ʻOi aku ma mua o 8% - paʻa holomua.
- ʻOi aku ma mua o 12% - pono i kahi hoʻokipa hoʻokipa e pono ai.
Ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole nā mea a pau e hōʻea i ka hōʻailona 6.5%, akā mai huhū, no ka mea e pili ana ke pae o ka hemoglobin glycated e ka mea hoʻokahi a me nā maʻi kūlike.
I kekahi hihia, pono ʻoe e nīnau i ke kauka e wehewehe i nā mea āpau i kahi ala hiki ke komo.
ʻO nā kumu no ka hoʻonui ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā hōʻailona
ʻO nā maʻi Diabetis ʻaʻole wale nō ke kumu o ka hoʻololi i nā pae HbA1c.
I mea e hoʻoholo ai i ke kumu o ka pili ʻana i kāna ʻike, pono ia e hoʻokau i kahi hōʻoia holoʻokoʻa.
I ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka "maʻi ʻoluʻolu", hiki i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa glucose makemake i ka hemoglobin glycated.
Hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa glucose holomua ma muli o:
- ka nui o ka hao ma ke kino;
- kaleka ʻaʻuhi pancreatic;
- pilikia ʻole;
- kahi maʻi nui o ka hemoglobin fetal i nā keiki hou, e hoʻi ana i ka maʻamau i loko o ʻekolu mahina.
ʻO ka hōʻemi i nā mea o ka hemoglobin glycated ʻaʻole e hele pinepine i ia, akā he pilikia maikaʻi loa kēia. Hiki ke loaʻa i ka emi ʻana o ke kuhikuhi ma lalo o 4% e:
- kūlana hypoglycemic;
- Ka Renal a me / a ʻole kaulike pale;
- ʻO ka lilo nui koko;
- Hoʻouku i nā hana o ka ʻōnaehana holoila;
- Hemolitic anemia;
- ʻO nā papa pancreas.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka glucose i ke koko, hōʻeha ka mea maʻi i ka luhi, ʻeha a ʻilihune. I nā kīwī koʻikoʻi, hiki paha i nā maʻi neʻeha a me ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka ʻike. Eia nō naʻe, he pōpilikia loa kēia ʻano, no ka mea hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka coma a make paha.
Nā ala e hōʻemi ai i ka HbA1c
Ma muli o ka pae o ka hemoglobin glycated a me ka glucose ka hōʻailona e hilinaʻi nei i kēlā me kēia, kahi laʻa o ka huka gula e hoʻemi ana i ka HbA1c.
ʻAʻohe mea kōkua kikoʻī.
Pono ʻoe e hoʻopili i nā rula kumu no ka mālama ʻana i kahi pae glucose maʻamau ma ka maʻi diabetes.
No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ua pono ia e nānā:
- ʻO kaʻai kūpono. Pono ka mea maʻi e hoʻokaʻawale mai i ka papaʻai nā mea ʻalani, nā pastry, nā iʻa a me nā mea momona. Pono ia e ʻai i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu ʻai, nā hua waiū skim, nā meaʻai maikaʻi i ka momona. E hāhai i nā loina o ka papaʻai no ka maʻi diabetes a hoʻopau i ka lawa o ka wai.
- ʻĀina ola. ʻAʻole kēia he pono pono ʻoe e hoʻopau iā ʻoe iho me ka nui o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana. I ka wā mua, ʻo ka hele ʻana i ka lewa wai ka lawa no ka liʻiliʻi loa 30 mau minuke i ka lā. A laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i kāu mau hana o waho me nā pāʻani haʻuki, ʻauʻau, yoga a me nā mea like.
- ʻO ka mālama pinepine ʻana i nā waihona gula. Pono ka maʻi maʻi maʻi me ka maʻi ʻatikala e nānā i ka pae glycemic ma mua o kēlā me kēia maʻi insulin, a me ke ʻano 2 - ma ʻekolu o ʻekolu i kēlā me kēia lā.
- Hoʻolaha manawa i nā lāʻau hypoglycemic a me nā inikini insulin. Pono e hoʻokau pono i nā hopena kūpono a me ka manawa o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Eia kekahi, pono e kipa pinepine aku i ke kauka no ke aʻo ʻana a me nā ʻōlelo hōʻike.
ʻO nā hopena o ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole
Hiki i ka mea hoʻomanawanui ke hoʻomanawanui i ka hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻaʻole naʻe e ʻimi i ke kōkua o kahi loea.
Hiki i ke ʻano ke nānā ʻole i kou kino ke hopena i nā hopena koʻikoʻi.
Me ka ʻike ʻole ʻana i ka maʻi lolo, hoʻōla ʻia nā kaʻina hoʻoiho ʻole e pākuʻi ana i nā ʻāpana āpau o nā kānaka.
ʻO ka holomua o ka patula e alakaʻi i kēlā mau pilikia:
- ʻO Nepropathy, i.e.ʻinoʻino i ka maʻi mellitus;
- retinopathy diabetic - hana i ka maʻi o ka retina, kahi iʻike ʻia kahi hihiʻo;
- angiopathy - pōʻino kūpono ʻole i ke alakaʻi i ka hana hemahema;
- maʻi maʻi maʻi - ka ʻōpū a me ka nānā ʻana i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me ka makaʻala o ka gangrene.
- nā maʻi like ʻole o ka vocrocirculation vascular;
- ʻO cataract ke kumu nui o ka ʻike maka ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes;
- encephalopathy - hoʻopōʻino i ka lolo ma muli o ka nele o ka oxygen, nā hūʻai uila, ka make o nā wahi o nā nerve;
- ʻO ka arthropathy kahi maʻi hoʻopiʻi ma muli o ka nalowale o ka paʻakai kalima.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, he paʻakikī kēia mau alaʻuku a koi pono. No laila, he mea nui loa ka lawe pinepine ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua no ka hemoglobin glycated, akā, ʻo nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe hoʻi. I ka hoʻokipa ʻana, e wehewehe ke kauka i ka mea maʻi i ka mea e hōʻike pololei ai, a laila e wehewehe i nā hopena o ke aʻo ʻana. Kūpono nā ʻano hana e kōkua pono i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi maʻi i ka maʻi maʻi a i ʻole kahi palaka metabolism.
I ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala, hoʻomau ʻia ke kumuhana o glycated hemoglobin.
