I ka hoʻonāʻana o nā mea neʻe i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi i kahi keiki, ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau o kahi predisposition ona i pili i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o nā chromosomes. Inā pili nā ʻohana pili o ke keiki i ka maʻi maʻi, a laila pilikia ke ʻano o kēlā keiki a pono ia e hoʻāʻo ʻia no ka glucose koko.
I ka wā e ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻi, kahi kelepona hōʻeuʻeu i ka endocrinologist ʻo ia wale nō ka manawa e mālama ai i ke olakino maikaʻi, ʻoiai nā hiʻohiʻona o ka maʻi maʻi i nā keiki he hiki ke hoʻomohala koke a me kahi manaʻo e hōʻiliʻili i nā ketones i loko o ke koko. ʻO Ketoacidosis ka hōʻike mua o ka maʻi kamaliʻi ma ke ʻano o kahi coma.
No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kūpono, pono paha ka nānā ʻana o glucose, no laila, pono ʻoe e ʻike ʻaʻole i ka hōʻailona o ka glycemia ma luna o ka ʻōpū ʻole, akā ʻo ka hoʻokaʻina o ke koko i nā keiki ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana.
Kēia koko i nā keiki
ʻO ke pae koko koko ma kahi keiki e hilinaʻi nei i ke kūlana o ke olakino a me ka makahiki, me nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana endocrine, hoʻopiʻi ʻole ʻia, me ke ʻano ʻole o ka hānai pono ʻole, hiki ke loli.
Inā ʻaʻole ka glucose, ʻaʻole hiki i ka ulu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kino o ke keiki, no ka mea he mea nui ia no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka wai adenosine triphosphoric, ke kumu nui o ka ikehu. Mālama ʻo Glycogen i mālama i ka glucose i ke kino. Hoʻokomo ʻia ia i loko o nā pūpuna o ke aupa a me nā ʻili a nā hoʻa no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wā a loaʻa ʻole ka loaʻa o nā hāmeʻe mai ka meaʻai.
Hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia i ka glycogen i ka wā o ka hana kino, e hāʻawi ana i ka ikaika me ka ikaika no ka hana maʻamau. Ke hana nei kēia kaʻina hana a pau ma lalo o ka kaohi o nā palaka a me ka endocrine kino, e hoʻoponopono ana i ka kahe o ka insulin a me ka contrainsular hormones.
ʻAʻole ke kaupalena i ke kuleana o ka glucose i ka komo ʻana i ka ʻaina metabolism. ʻO ia kahi mahele o nā protein, me nā mea laʻa o ka DNA a me RNA, a me ka waikawa glucuronic, pono ia e hoʻonaninani i nā toxins, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a hoʻoneʻe i ka bilirubin keu. No laila, he mea nui ka hoʻomauʻana o ka hāʻawiʻana i ka glucose i nā nui a i nā nui maʻamau.
Me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka glucose koko, ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma muli o nā mea nānā i loko o nā paia o nā kahe koko, ua piʻi ke kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ka hana o ia mau hormones:
- ʻO ka honu Adrenocorticotropic mai ke kīkā pituitary. Hāʻawi i ka hana huna o ka gland adrenal o catecholamines a me cortisol.
- Hoʻonui ka Catecholamines i ka wāwahi o ka glycogen i loko o ka ate, i hoʻopuka ʻia e nā mea kūmole adrenal. Hoʻopili kēia ma ka adrenaline a me norepinephrine.
- Hoʻomaka ʻo Cortisol i loko o ke kō o ke kōpana o ka glucose mai ka glycerol, nā waikawa amino a me nā mea like ole-calcium.
- Kūkulu ʻia ka Glucagon i loko o ka pancreas, ʻo kona hoʻokuʻu i ke koko kaomi ʻana i ka wāwahi o nā hale kūʻai glycogen i loko o ke akeʻa i nā molekula glucose.
Ka ʻai ʻana i ka hiʻu ʻana i nā mea huna o nā kelena beta, ʻo ia kahi o nā synthesis o insulin i ka pancreas. Mahalo i insulin, ua hoʻomoʻi ka mole miki i nā membrane a hoʻokomo ʻia i nā hana biochemical.
Hoʻonui ka Insulin i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka glycogen i nā hepatocytes a me nā pūpū o nā palahalaha, hoʻonui i ka hana o nā protein a me lipid Ma kahi kino olakino, hāʻawi kēia mau kaʻina i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pae o ka glycemia i nā hōʻailona o ke kuʻina kau mau makahiki.
ʻO ke kumu o ke kō i loko o ke koko o kahi keiki
Hiki ke hoʻāʻo i nā ʻike koko no ka mālama ʻana i ke koko i loko o kahi keiki a i ʻole ma kahi keʻena pilikino pilikino, akā pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo inā i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano maʻamau, hiki iā lākou ke ʻano, no laila, pono ʻoe e koho i hoʻokahi nūhou no ka mālama.
ʻO ke kūlana o ke keiki, ka manawa i hala ma hope o ka hānai hope ʻana, he mea nui nō hoʻi, no ka mea, ke hoʻololi nei nā kuhikuhi glycemia i loko o ke ao. No laila, ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa.
Hana ʻia kahi hōʻike ma ka ʻōpū ʻole. Ma hope o ka hānai hope ʻana, ʻo ia kahi mau hola 10 ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo, hiki ke ʻona wale ke keiki me ka wai inu ʻokoʻa. Inā ʻoe e nānā i kahi pēpē a keiki pēpē ma mua o ʻeono mahina, a ma mua o ka nānāʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai i ke keiki no nā hola 3.
ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia nā keiki e hānai i ko lākou mau niho, no ka mea he momona nā wai maʻamau o nā keiki a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kō mai loko mai o lākou. No nā pēpē hou, nā helu koko koko mai 1.7 a 4.2 mmol / L, no nā pēpē - 2.5 - 4.65 mmol / L.
No nā keiki mai hoʻokahi makahiki a hiki i ka 14 mau makahiki, ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana i loko o nā pae maʻamau (i mmol / l) me nā hōʻailona aʻe:
- Mai ka makahiki 1 a i 6 mau makahiki: 3.3-5.1.
- Mai ka 6 makahiki a 12 makahiki: 3.3-5.6.
- Mai ka makahiki 12 a keu paha 3.3 -5.5.
ʻO ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o nā keiki ʻōpio i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hoʻopiʻi e pili ana me ka maʻi hānō e lawe ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki, a inā kauhua ʻia ke keiki e ka heredity, a laila kēlā me kēia 3-4 mahina. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēlā mau keiki me ka mea maʻi a hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia i kahi noi hohonu o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana me nā kalapona.
Inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona kiʻekiʻe i ka loiloi no ka glucose, a laila ʻānō ke kauka ʻana e hāpai hou iā ia, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻomākaʻi ʻia e ka lawe ʻana i ke ʻano o nā nui nui, nā pilikia hiamoe, nā maʻi like, a me nā pilikia hoʻi i ka hiamoe a me ka hoʻōla.
Hiki ke loli ʻē aʻe ka hoʻokeo a me ke kō koko koko ma hope o ka papaʻaina.
ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana o ke kō koko i nā keiki
Inā haʻalele ke keiki i nā kumu āpau no ka nānā hewa ʻole (ʻuhane a i ʻole ke kaumaha ʻana i ka maʻi, ʻeha), a laila pono ke hana hou ʻia. I ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes, kahi hōʻea i ka nui o ke kō i loko o nā keiki i nā maʻi o ka kelepona pituitary, he hana hypothalamus he hopena, a me nā abnormalities hoʻomohala hanana.
Eia kekahi, ʻo hyperglycemia i kahi keiki hiki ke hele pū me nā maʻi o ka nui o ka lolo thyid, ka adrenal hyperfunction, liʻiliʻi iki me ka pancreatitis. ʻAʻole i hōʻike ʻia i ka manawa, hiki i ka epilepsy ke hōʻike iā ia iho me kahi nui o ka glucose. Eia kekahi, lawe aku i nā hormone corticosteroid e mālama i nā maʻi kūlohelohe e hoʻonui ai i ke kō koko koko i nā keiki.
ʻO ka pilikia maʻamau ka kahe mau metabolic i ka wā'ōpiopio i ka hapai, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole i kau ʻia ka momona i ke ahiahi, akā i loko o ka ʻōpū. I kēia hihia, loaʻa i ka ʻoihana adipose ka waiwai kūikawā e hoʻokuʻu i nā mea i ke koko e hoʻemi ana i ka pane ʻana o nā cell i ka insulin. A ʻoiai paha ka hapa o ka insulin i ke koko, akā ʻaʻole hiki i kona hopena ke hōʻike iā ia iho.
Inā hoʻonui ʻia ke kōhi koko ma mua o 6.1 mmol / l a loaʻa i nā keiki nā hōʻailona like ʻole o ka maʻi mellitus, hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia e ka maʻi endocrinologist. ʻO nā ʻōuli e pono ke kumu o ka hopohopo:
- ʻO ka makemake mau e inu.
- Hoʻonui a pinepine pinepine i nā urination, bedwetting.
- Ke noi mau nei ke keiki i ka meaʻai.
- Kahi ʻia ka ulu nui o nā lānai.
- ʻAʻole e kiʻi i ka momona me ka momona nui.
- ʻElua mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, e lohi ana ke keiki, makemake ia e hiamoe.
- E lilo nā keiki ʻōpio a luhilahi paha.
Ma muli o ka maʻi maʻamau o ka maʻi maʻamau, e nānā ʻole ʻia ke ʻano o ka maʻi me ka ʻōpiopio. I nā kūlana like, kauoha ʻia ka hoʻololi o ka hōʻemi i ka glucose, a i kapa ʻia nō hoʻi ia he "curve sugar".
Kekahi mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi lolo, ʻoiai me nā hoʻāʻo ʻia o ke koko, a inā paha ʻo ka pēpē i ka wā hānau ka nui o ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 4,5 kg, ua loaʻa iā ia nā hoahānau me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, a i ʻole nā maʻi pāpaʻi pinepine, nā maʻi ʻili, nā maʻi nānā ʻole i kūpono i ke kiʻi o ka maʻi maʻamau. nā hōʻike hōʻike no ka hoʻokolike ʻai.
Hōʻike kēia hōʻike i ka ala e piʻi ai ka pae o ke kaʻi o ke koko ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, pehea ka hoʻokuʻu koke ʻana i ka insulin me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā glucose i loaʻa, loaʻa ka nui o ke ʻano o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi i kahi keiki.
Ma mua o ka hoʻokolohua, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe i ka hoʻomākaukau kūikawā, pono ke keiki e hahai i kahi ʻai maʻamau a lawe i kahi loiloi a 10 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻaina kakahiaka. I ka lā e kau ai, hiki iā ʻoe ke inu i kekahi wai maʻemaʻe. Ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke keiki no ka wikiwiki o ka glucose a ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka glucose ma hope o 30 mau minuke, hoʻokahi hola a me ʻelua mau hola.
Pono e hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka nui o ka glucose ma ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino o ke keiki - 1,75 g no 1 kg. Hoʻomoʻa ka paura huehae i ka wai a inu ke keiki ia ia. Manaʻo ia no ka maʻamau o nā keiki inā ʻike ʻia ka glucose i loko o ka kaohi ma lalo o 7 mmol / l ma hope o ʻelua mau hola, a inā a hiki i 11.1 mmol / l, a laila ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke keiki i nā haʻaleka, hiki ke ulu i loko o ka maʻi diabetes.
Inā helu ʻia nā helu ʻoi aku, a laila makemake kēia i kahi maʻi maʻi. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka papa maʻi i nā keiki he:
- Hoʻomaka koke.
- Papa akomi.
- Ke kānalua i ka ketoacidosis.
- ʻO ka hapa nui i ka maʻi diabetes mellitus me ka pono o ka ʻohi ʻana i ka insulin.
Ka maʻi maʻamau (latent form) maʻa mellitus maʻi maʻamau e loaʻa me nā maʻi type 2 a me ke ʻano hoʻohālike i ka hapai, a me nā maʻi hepatitis a me nā mea hōʻeha.
Hōʻike ʻia kēlā mau keiki i kahi hoʻomaha o nā pauku i kā lākou papaʻai a me ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kaupaona kino ma ke ʻano maʻamau.
ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kō koko ma ke keiki
ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kō ma lalo o ke ʻano maʻamau i nā keiki ke hiki i ka wā o ka pōloli, ʻoiai inā hiki ʻole ke ʻona nui i ka wai, me nā maʻi o ke ʻano o ka ʻ wae ʻana, inā, ʻoiai ka ʻai ʻana, e wāwahi ana ke keiki i kāna hana ʻana e ka pancreatic enzyme. Hiki i kēia me ka pancreatitis i ke kaola a i ʻole ke ʻano kūlohelohe.
Ke emi nei ka kaohi o ka glucose mai ka ʻōpū ma ka gastroenteritis, colitis, sindrom malabsorption, congenital bowel maʻi, a me ka mea ʻono. ʻO ke kumu o ka hypoglycemia ma ka maʻi mellitus i ka wā kamaliʻi he mau endocrine maʻi me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke kumuhana a me nā hōʻemi o ka hānō o nā hormones mai nā kelepa adrenal, nā kaila thyroid.
Pēlā nō, loaʻa ka huʻi hypoglycemia i ka māla. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka nui o ka insulin i ke koko - i ka wā e ʻai me nā haʻalulu maʻalahi, hoʻoulu hou ʻia o kona excretion ke kumu a hāʻule ka glucose i ke koko ma lalo o nā pae maʻamau.
ʻO nā hihia e loaʻa pinepine ana o ka hypoglycemia i ka wā e:
- ʻO ka Insulinoma kahi tumi e hōʻino i ka huna nui o ka insulin.
- ʻO nā ʻeha hōʻeha a me nā mea ulu ʻole.
- ʻO ka pōʻino me ka arsenic, chloroform, nā mea kanu, nā paʻakai o nā metala kaumaha.
- Nā maʻi koko: leukemia, lymphoma, hemoblastosis.
ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi mellitus o nā keiki i ka wā e koho ai i kahi ʻano o ka insulin, ka hoʻoikaika kino, ʻona kūleʻa maikaʻi, hiki i nā keiki ke ʻike i nā hōʻeha hypoglycemic. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomohala me ke olakino olakino maikaʻi. Puka koke ka hopohopo, ulu a ʻoluʻolu loa. He maikaʻi loa i heluhelu ai kā mākou ʻatikala e pili ana i ka pale ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi i nā keiki.
Inā hiki i ke keiki ke kamaʻilio, noi pinepine ʻo ia no nā sweets a i ʻole ka meaʻai. A laila ma waena o ka ʻōpū, ka ʻeha, ka haʻalulu ʻana o nā lima e uhaʻi ana, ʻike ʻia ke nānā ʻana, a hāʻule ka keiki, kahi maʻi hoʻomālamalama. I kēlā mau kūlana, pono ʻoe e lawe wikiwiki i ka glucose, ka gula a me ka wai momona. ʻO ka wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala e hoʻomau i ke kumuhana o ka hoʻāʻo koko koko.
