ʻO kahi maʻi ʻo mellitus ka maʻi kahi e kū ʻole ai ka glucose mai ka meaʻai i nā kino a hoʻopuni i loko o ke koko, e hōʻalo ana i ka maʻi metabolic. ʻO ka hōʻalo ʻia ma muli o ka nele o ka ponoʻai e lilo i ka makaʻala i nā mea huna ʻino.
ʻO ka hiki ʻole i ka leʻalohi o ka glucose ka mea e pili ai me ka nele o ka hana insulin i ka diabetes mellitus type 1 a i ʻole ka nele o ka kiko o ke ʻano i ia mea i ka type 2 non-insulin-dependence.
ʻOiai aia kēia mau ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻamau i hōʻike ʻia i ke ʻano o ka hyperglycemia (ka nui o ke kō o ke koko) a me ka glucosuria (ka ʻokiʻoki o ke kō i loko o ka urine), ke ʻano ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ke kīlea a me nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi ʻokoʻa no ka ʻano type type 1 a me ke ʻano type type 2.
ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ʻano maʻi diabetes ʻano 1
Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā maʻi diabetes 1 i ka wā e luku ʻia ai nā selika ma nā mokupuni o Langerhans i loko o ka pancreas. ʻO ka nui o nā insulin i hana ʻia e kēia mau mea e hoʻomaka ai e hoʻohi ai a hoʻopau paha paha.
ʻO nā kumu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ʻano type diabetes 1 hiki ke lilo i mau ʻano:
- ʻO nā kūmole Autoimmune.
- Nā maʻi maʻi maʻi.
- ʻĀpilima.
ʻO nā maʻi kūlohelohe me ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka luku cellimmune e hōʻike pinepine ʻia i nā wahine ʻōpio a makua paha. Kēia mau mea maʻi e like me kekahi mau maʻi autoimmune (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune thyroiditis).
Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana me kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. Me ka rubella congenital, puʻupuʻu, hepatitis, maʻi maʻi cytomegalovirus, luku ʻia nā ʻolua beta a me ka hopena o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā mea hōʻeha kino i hoʻāla ʻia. Kahi ʻia nā maʻi o ka maʻi ma hope o ka neʻe ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi.
Loaʻa kēia ʻano holoholona i ka wā ʻōpio i nā kāne a me nā wahine. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā maʻi maʻi me nā hōʻino ʻia i ka pancreas.
ʻO ka mellitus maʻi mellitus a me ka maʻi diabetes i nā keiki ʻōpio e loaʻa me kahi predisposition hoʻoilina i loko o ka ʻohana. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia no ka manawa mua me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi coma. Me ka maʻi diabetes, ʻike ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mea nui i nā makahiki hoʻokahi a me ka ʻumikumamālua mau makahiki.
Kūkā ʻia nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi me ka nui o ka piʻi ʻana i ka glucose o ke koko. Hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ke ʻano maʻi mellitus type 1:
- Ka makewai ikaika ʻole.
- Putu maloʻo.
- Polyuria (ka nui o ka urination) i kekahi manawa a ʻumi lita i kēlā me kēia lā a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka make wai. ʻO kēia no ka hopena i ka lolo me ka maʻi maʻi, piʻi ka osmotic pressure. I kēia hihia, ua nalowale ke kino i ka nui o ka paʻakai a me ka sodium.
- Hoʻololi pōkole i ka pō.
- Ke hoʻomohala ʻana o ka nāwaliwali ākea a me ka luhi.
- Hoʻokumu i ka pōloli, hoʻonui nui i ka makemake e ʻai i nā ʻono.
- Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka maʻi maʻamau i nā pēpē me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka diapope ma hope o ka hoʻomoʻo ʻana i ka urine i lilo ka paʻakikī, e like me ka hōkū. ʻAi ke keiki i ka ʻono a inu i nā wai he nui, ua maloʻo ka ʻili a ʻāʻī. No nā keiki ʻōpio, he ʻano maʻamau o ka urinary ma ka pō.
- ʻO ke kahe nui ʻana i ka paona me ka nui o nā meaʻai ma muli o ka nele o ka glucose i loko o nā kiko. Hiki ke piʻi ka paona i nā 10 a hiki i 15 kilograms.
- ʻO keʻano o nā hua melemele a i ʻole acetone i ka ea hoʻonani.
He ʻokoʻa kēia mau maʻi o ka maʻi maʻamau i ka wā e kū ai, aia kekahi pōʻino nui i ka pancreas. Eia kekahi, me kahi papa e hilinaʻi i ka insulin o ka maʻi, e hoʻomohala ka hōʻailona ʻelua i ka maʻi mellitus, e hōʻike ana i nā hana like ʻole o nā kino:
- Hoʻohanui o ka ʻili a me nā membus.
- Hoʻomaka ka wā kuʻi i ka lāʻau antiifungal.
- He ʻeha, ka migraine.
- Insomnia
- ʻʻAla
- Kāpukuhū.
- ʻOno i ka hao i loko o ka waha.
- Nausea, wāha ka manawa.
- ʻO nā ʻōuli kuhi, kahi manaʻo o nā flickering dots i mua o nā maka.
- ʻO nā maʻi hopohopo pinepine a me ka hopena.
- Ke nānā ʻana a me ka ʻāʻī ʻana i nā wāwae a me nā lima.
- ʻO ka pahu a me kahi manaʻo kaumaha i nā wāwae haʻahaʻa.
- ʻAʻole hoʻopaʻa kāwili ʻia a ʻokiʻoki a ʻokiʻoki i kahi lōʻihi a kuhi paha.
- ʻO nā maʻi maʻi pālahalaha kahi papa protracted, ulu koke ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana.
ʻO ka papa o ke ʻano maʻi maʻi mua i nā pākeke ke holomua ka holomua. Me kēia koho, no ka ʻelua a ʻekolu mau makahiki, hiki ke hoʻopiha piha ʻia ka maʻi diabetes i ka lāʻau haʻahaʻa-kāʻai, ka lawe ʻana i nā paila e hoʻemi ana i ke kōpaʻa koko.
I ka wā e hiki mai ana, lilo ia i mea like ʻole i ka hana, a me nā hōʻailona o kahi kaʻina autoimmune e hoʻonui i ke koko, mai kahi e lawe ʻia ai nā maʻi i ka ʻomoʻana i ka insulin.
ʻO nā hōʻailona hoʻomaka o ka maʻi maʻi 2
Hoʻoulu ka type 2 non-insulin like ʻole i ka hope o kahi e lawa ai a i ʻole ka nui o ka nui o ka insulin i loko o ke koko, akā nā mea nānā no ia nalo aku ko lākou naʻau. Hoʻopuni ʻia ka maʻi ʻa a me ka insulin i loko o ke koko, a hōʻailona nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻino ma ka ʻai kino.
Hōʻike nui ʻia ka maʻi metabola ma ka mellitus i loko o nā ʻiʻo, nā ʻāpana a me nā kiko adipose. I loko o nā pūpū o nā ate, ua hoʻemi ʻia nā hale kūʻai glycogen, i ka mea i hoʻololi ʻia i ka glucose, mālama ʻia ka momona ma ke koena.
Hōʻeha ka momona o ka momona a me ka hoʻohaʻawa momona o ke kaohi ma ka type 2 diabetes mellitus e hoʻoikaika i ka waiho ʻana o nā kolamu ma nā kīʻaha koko a me ka kiko subcutaneous, ʻo ia ka mea paʻakikī i ka mea maʻi e hōʻemi i ka paona.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea pilikia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ʻano type diabetes 2:
- ʻO ka paona koʻikoʻi.
- ʻĀina hoʻōla.
- Nā manaʻo koʻikoʻi.
- ʻO Stein-Leventhal Syndrome (polycystic ovary).
- ʻO ka pancreitis aʻeha aiʻole ka'ōpala, pancrosatic pancreatic, pancreatic tumors.
- Mamua.
- Diabetes i ka wā hāpai.
- ʻO ka hānauʻana o kahi keiki nui e kaupaona ana mai ka 4,5 kg.
- ʻO ka male ʻole i ka wā hāpai, hānau mua.
- He maʻi haole.
- Atherosclerosis
- Nā maʻi maʻi o ka pūpū a me nā pēpē.
- ʻO ka maʻi maʻi i ka ʻohana.
Kuhi ʻia ke ala o ka maʻi diabetes me ka piʻi mau ʻana i nā hōʻailona, pinepine no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻole nā hōʻailona hōʻailona, a ʻike ʻia ka maʻi i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana a me ke ana ʻana i ka pae o ka glucose i loko o ke koko.
Hiki i nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi maʻamau ʻo 2 ke:
- Hoʻopilikia i kaʻili, kaʻili, furunculosis. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pīpī me ka maʻi maʻi i nā wahi āpau o ka ʻili.
- ʻO ka paukū haʻalulu helehelena, ke hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻoe a me nā wahi i mua o nā maka.
- Itching i loko o ka perineum a me genital, pinepine ka hopena o ka paʻu.
- Hoʻemi i ka makemake moekolohe, paʻa ʻole.
- Ka wahaʻae ʻana o ka kāne.
- ʻO ka nāwaliwali a me ka hiʻona ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana.
- ʻO ka lūlū i ka lā a me kahi manaʻo o ka luhi mau. Hiki i ka mea maʻi hiamoe loa, akā hiki ʻole ke hiamoe i ka manawa like.
- Hoʻonui kaho o ka lauoho, nā ʻokiʻoki a me nā kui.
- Ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa nei i ke ʻano kino.
- ʻIli a me ka tingling i loko o ke kino, ʻano holo manuʻe ʻole.
- ʻO nā ʻāpana o nā wāwae, pinepine me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pō.
- ʻO ka uku a me ka maloʻo o ka ʻili, ʻo ia hoʻi nā palemela, nā wāwae, ka ʻili o ka ʻōpū.
- Loaʻa kaʻili me ka kau ʻana o ka momona i ka hope.
- ʻOhua.
Nā hōʻailona kūikawā o ka maʻi maʻi - make wai, nui urination, pōloli, nausea ke hui pū ma hope o ka lōʻihi o ka manawa. Hāpai ka hilahila metabolikō i loko o ke kino. E like pū me lākou, hiki paha ke hōʻailona o nā hoʻopiʻi o ka maʻi mellitus no ka maʻi mellitus:
- ʻO kahi haki kikoʻī i loko o ka hihiʻo me ka hoʻopōʻino i ka retina.
- Nā Aliʻi.
- ʻEha i ka puʻuwai, ka pectoris angina.
- Ke ulu mau nei ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke koko.
- ʻO nā ʻeha ulia o ka Trophic o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻo nā hōʻeha lōʻihi o ka hōʻeha ʻana ma muli o ka hōʻino o vascular.
- ʻĀ ana ma ka ihu a me nā wāwae.
- ʻEha i nā wāwae, ka nalowale ʻana o ke ʻano ma ka wāwae o ka wāwae me ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā hana nerve.
- ʻO ka ʻeha a me ke kaumaha o ka kaumaha i lalo o ke kua, ke hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hana ʻole o ka pilikia.
- Ka hala o ka ʻike ʻana me he harbinger o ka coma me nā hopena koʻikoʻi a me ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke kōʻai koko.
ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka coma i ka mellitus maʻi diabetes e koi ana i ka mālama koke.
Hiki i ka mea maʻi ke palu, haʻalulu i ke kino, kahe anu, ka hohonu a me ka hanu pinepine, ka luaʻi ʻana, ka honi ʻana o ka acetone mai ka waha.
ʻO ka maʻi Diabetes
ʻAʻohe o kēia mau hōʻailona kahi hōʻailona wale nō nā maʻi maʻi.
No laila, inā ʻike ʻia kekahi mau hewa ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa kahi maʻi maʻi.
E hōʻoia a hōʻoiaʻiʻo paha i ka maʻi hiki wale nō me nā haʻawina like:
- Hoʻuʻa ʻia i ka ʻike glucose koko.
- Hoʻololi hoʻokolohua Glucose. ʻO ka ʻike o ka wikiwiki o ka glucose i loko o ke koko a me 2 mau hola ma hope o ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka hoʻokomo o ka glucose.
- ʻO ke ʻano koko no ka hemoglobin glycated. E hiki i kēia kuhikuhi i ka mea i ʻike ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose glucose ma nā 3 mahina i hala.
- Urinalysis no ke kō.
- ʻO ka nānāʻana biochemical o ke koko me ka hoʻohālike o ka protein C-reactive, ate a me nā ʻōwili, nā mea hoʻohālikelike o ka metabolism momona.
Ma ke ʻano o ka maʻi diabetes, no ke ʻano lua, ʻaʻole paha ia e hōʻike pono pū ʻana, ʻoiai ke ola nei ka maʻi o ka mea maʻi. ʻIke ʻia nā pae gula kiʻekiʻe i ʻike ʻia i nā hoʻokolohua hōʻoia.
No laila, ua hōʻike ʻia nā mea maʻi a pau i kahi hōʻike o nā hōʻailona o nā kalapona a me nā momona momona, a me nā kūkākūkā ʻana me ka ophthalmologist, cardiologist, neurologist a me nephrologist.
Ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kōʻai koko, i ka hoʻohui i ka mellitus maʻi diabetes, hiki ke kūleʻa me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻoihana endocrine, pathology o ka puʻuwai, pancreas. No laila, inā he kānalua i ka nānāʻana, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia i kahi ʻano o ka hoʻokolokolo hou. E hōʻike ka wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala i nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi maʻi.
