ʻO kahi maʻi mellitus maʻi he maʻi ia e hōʻailona kolohe ka mea nui i ka hana o ka insulin. Ke alakaʻi nei ka hope i ka mea i piʻi nui ka pae o ke kōpaʻa a i hōʻemi paha i nā waiwai pathological. ʻAʻole hāʻawi mau ka meaʻai meaʻai a me ka mālama i nā kānāwai ʻē aʻe i nā hopena i manaʻo ʻia, no laila ua kuhikuhi pinepine nā kauka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻololi ai i ka hormone me kahi mea like.
ʻO ka insulin insulin he mea hoʻopili i ka insulin kūlohelohe i hana ʻia e ke kino kanaka. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia no ka diabetes mellitus me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hana ʻana o kēia maʻi.
Ka hoʻokūkū a me nā loina o ka hana
ʻO ke kumu nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka insulin Glargin. He hiʻohiʻona hiʻona i loaʻa kēia e nā kaʻina hoʻololi. Ma ke kaʻina hana o kāna hana, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā mea nui 3. Hoʻololi ʻia ka waikawa amino Asparagine e Glycine i ke kaulahao A ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻelua mau Arginines i ke kaulahao B. ʻO ka hopena o kēia recombination kahi hopena maikaʻi loa no ka maʻi maʻi, ka hopena maikaʻi no nā liʻiliʻi he 24.
ʻO ka mea ikaika, hoʻohui ʻia me nā mea kōkua, loaʻa i ka hopena pono ma ke kino o ka mea maʻi. Me ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka insulin Glargin:
- Hoʻopilikia i nā mea hoʻonāʻana i ka insulin e waiho ana i ka momona o ka subcutaneous a me ka ʻoi a me nā ʻiʻo. Mahalo i kēia, ua hoʻoulu ʻia kahi hopena e like me ka insulin kūlohelohe.
- hoʻoikaika i nā kaʻina metabolic: nā hana hoʻoliʻi a me ka hoʻāla glucose.
- Hoʻowalewale i ka uptake glucose e ka momona o ka subcutaneous, a me ka ʻoiwi a me nā mea naʻau.
- Hoʻemi i ka hana o ka momona glucose i loko o ka ate.
- Hoʻonui nā synthes i ke kō o ka protein nalowale.
Ke komo nei ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā pale i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻonā: i nā pahu wai 10 ml a i ʻole 3 ml mau kaʻaʻai. Hoʻopilikia ia i hoʻokahi hola ma hope o ka hoʻokele ʻana.
ʻO ka lōʻihi loa e pili ana i ka hana he 29 mau hola.
Carcinogenicity a me ka hopena ma ka hiki ke hāpai i kahi keiki
Ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻia aku, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka carcinogenicity - ka hiki ʻana o kekahi mau mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hopena o ka huki a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Ua hoʻolako ʻia ka nui o ka insulin e like me nā kiʻī a me nā meaole. Ua alakaʻi kēia iā:
- ʻO ka make nui ma nā hui āpau o nā holoholona ho'āʻo;
- Nā maʻi hake manuahi ma nā wahine (ma ke ʻano o nā injections);
- ʻO ka hala ʻana o nā huakini i hoʻohemo ʻia i loko o nā pulela non-acidic.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻike hōʻike i kahi palaʻawaʻawa nui i loaʻa i ka insulin dependence.
Ua hiki i ka hiki ke hānai a hānau i kahi hānau hānau.
Nā Hoʻohui
ʻAʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Glargin no ka hoʻohana ʻana me ka hypersensitivity a me ka kūpaʻa ʻana o nā mea i nā ʻāpana. I nā makahiki 6 o ka makahiki, ua contraindicated ʻo ia nō ka lāʻau ma muli o ka hemahema o nā haʻawina maʻi. E hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka mālama aka i nā hihia aʻe:
- ʻO ka hopena a maikaʻiʻole paha ka lau ʻole;
- Nā loli hoʻololi ma ke ake;
- ʻO ka ʻelemakule me ka ulu ʻana o ka hana i ka palaka.
I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, mālama pono i ka pae o ke kō, e nānā i ka wā e ke kaha ana i ka insulin i loko o ka momona subcutaneous. E noʻonoʻo i nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kino o ka mea maʻi - i kekahi mau mea, e hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hōʻike ʻia i ka wā hāpai a me ka lactation
ʻO ka wahine e hāpai ana i kahi keiki, ʻoi aku ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope wale nō o ke kūkā ma mua. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā maʻi i loaʻa ka ʻoi aku ka pono o ka makuahine ma mua o ka hopena i ka maʻi wahine. Inā loaʻa i kahi maʻi maʻi gestational ka wahine hāpai, e ʻōlelo mau ʻia e kiaʻi pinepine i nā kaʻina metabolic.
I ka 2 a me 3 o ka hapēkē o ka wā hapai, pono ka hoʻonui ʻana no ka insulin. Ma hope o ka hānau keiki ʻana, make nui ka pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
I kēlā me kēia mahina o ka hāpai ʻana, pono ʻoe e makaʻala i ke kahe o ke koko a mālama pono i kona pae.
Hoʻohui hou aʻe nā lāʻau lapaʻau
Hoʻokahi helu o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopilikia kino i ka metabolism. I kēia mau hihia, pono e loli ke ʻano o ka insulin. ʻO nā palaka e hōʻemi nui i ka honi i komo:
- ACE a me MAO inhibitors;
- Nā Disopyramids;
- Nā hui salicylates a me nā sulfanide e kūʻē i nā microbes;
- Fluoxetine;
- Nā pānaʻi like ʻole.
Hiki i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻemi i ka hopena hypoglycemic o ka hormone: glucocorticosteroids, diuretics, danazol, glucagon, isoniazid, diazoxide, estrogens, gestagens, etc. a me nā papa helu piha o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻole, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōlelo aʻo.
Loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi loa
ʻO ka Insulin Glargin kahi lāʻau lapaʻau ka systemic e hele i ke kino holoʻokoʻa, pili i ka pae o glucose a me nā hana kaʻina metabolic. Me ka hoʻohana pono ʻole, nā ʻōnaehana pale palekana a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o ke kino, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻeha i nā hopena makemake ʻole.
Hypoglycemia
ʻO kēia kahi kulekele i hoʻoiliʻia i ke kōʻai koko koko (liʻiliʻi loa ma ka 3.3 mmol / l). Aia ia i nā hihia i lawelawe ʻia ai ka maʻi he nui o ka insulin i ka mea maʻi, nui loa i kona pono. Inā paʻakikī ka hypoglycemia a hele i ka manawa, ua hoʻoweliweli ʻo ia i ke ola o kekahi kanaka. Hoʻouka ka hana ʻino i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonāukiuki. Hoʻoweliweli a ʻike ka naʻau o ke kanaka; ua paʻakikī i ka mea maʻi e noʻonoʻo.
I nā kūlana holomua, nalowale kekahi kanaka i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana. Me ka hypoglycemia maʻalahi, haʻalulu nā lima o kahi kanaka, makemake mau ʻo ia e ʻai, e ʻūhā maʻalahi a ʻeha ʻia i kahi puʻuwai wikiwiki. Ua hoʻonui hou kekahi mau maʻi.
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka ʻōnaehana ʻike ʻike
Me ka hoʻoponopono o ka glucose i loko o ke koko, lilo nā ʻūpū i lalo a i lalo ke kaomi. Hoʻololi hou ka ʻōleʻa ʻana i ka lens o ka maka, kahi e alakaʻi ai i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻike, a laila e hoʻi hou i loko o ke ʻano maʻamau me ka ʻole o ka hana i waho.
Me ka retinopathy maʻi maʻi (hōʻino i ka hopena retinal), eʻoi aʻe ana ka papa o ka maʻi ma muli o ka hopena o ka hopena o ka nui o ka glucose koko. Me ka retinopathy proliferative, ua kuhikuhi ʻia e inu pinepine i ka photocoagulation. Inā ʻaʻole, he hopena hopena i ke ʻano o ka hypoglycemia hiki ke piʻi i ka ʻike.
Lipodystrophy
ʻO kēia ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā membrane momona e ulu ana ma nā wahi i hoʻonālikelike ʻia o ka insulin. Pāwīwī ʻia ka ʻōpū a me ka hoʻowalewale ʻana. I mea e pale ai i kēlā ʻano hopena, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻololi pinepine / hoʻololi i nā wahi i hoʻohana ʻia ka insulin.
Allergic hopena pili
ʻO kēia nā mea kumu lāʻau kūloko: urticaria, nā palupalu, ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻeha, ka ʻeha ma ka wahi i hōʻea ʻia. Hoʻokumu ka hypersensitivity i ka insulin: e hoʻoponopono ʻia ai ka ʻili o ka ʻili (kokoke i ke ʻano ʻili āpau), bronchospasm, angioedema, pīhoihoi, a hypertension arterial paha. Kūkulu koke kēlā mau ulu ʻana a hoʻoweliweli i ke ola o ka mea maʻi.
I nā hihia pohō, ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hormone e hāʻawi i nā hopena hou - ka hoʻomake ʻia o ka sodium, ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka edema a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke ʻano kūlohelohe o ka lawelawe ʻana o ka insulin. I kēia mau hihia, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO nā mea mālama palekana
ʻAʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia ʻo Insulin Glargin no ka ketoacidosis maʻi maʻi, ʻoiai he mea mau hana lōʻihi. Me ka hypoglycemia, hoʻomohala ka mea maʻi i nā hōʻailona e kōkua ana e ʻike i ke kahe ʻana o ka nui o ka kō i mua o ka hiki ʻana o kēia mea. Eia naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke emi iki a i ʻole loko i ka poʻe maʻi o nā hui e like ana:
- Me ka mālama maʻamau o ka glucose koko;
- ʻO nā maʻi e mālama ʻia me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe;
- Me nā haunaele i ka hana o ka psyche;
- Me ka hoʻolōʻihi iki, hōʻemi i ka hoʻomohalaʻana i kēia manawa o ka hypoglycemia;
- Nā kānaka makua;
- Me ka neuropathy a me kahi lōʻihi o ka maʻi maʻi.
I nā hihia e piʻi aʻe ka hopena o ka hypoglycemia
Inā ʻoe e hahai i ka hana i kuhikuhi ʻia, e kiaʻi pinepine i nā pae koko koko a ʻai pono, ʻae ʻia ka hopena o ka hypoglycemia. Inā he mau kumu hou, e hoʻololi i ka palena.
Nā kumu e alakaʻi i ka hoʻoemi o ka glucose i nā:
- Hypersensitivity i ka insulin;
- Ka hoʻololi o ka wahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka lāʻau;
- ʻO nā maʻi i hui pū ʻia me nā ʻaihue (lēʻeha) a me ka luaʻi, hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ke ala o ka maʻi maʻi;
- Hoʻololi kūlohelohe kino no ke kino o ka mea maʻi;
- Hoʻohālikelike waiʻona;
- Haki i ka meaʻai a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meaʻai i ʻāpono ʻia;
- Loaʻa i nā pale thyroid;
- Hoʻohui maikaʻi me nā lāʻau hiki ʻole ke kūlike.
Me nā maʻi a me nā maʻi, e ʻike ʻia ka ʻike o ka kahe o ke koko.
Hāʻawi i ke koko a me ka urine i kahi hōʻike nui. Inā kūpono, e hoʻoponopono i ke ʻano o ka insulin (maʻa mau no ka maʻi type 1).
ʻO ke kōkua mua no ka overdose
ʻO kahi emi haʻahaʻa i ka glucose ka hopena ma ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka nui o ka nui o ka lāʻau. Hiki ke kōkua ʻia ka mea maʻi:
- Hāʻawi iā ia i nā kalepika maʻalahi (ʻoi aʻe, confectionery);
- Hoʻōlaʻi i ka glucacon i ka momona subcutaneous a i ʻole intramuscularly;
- Inikua i kahi kulana dextrose (intravenously).
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hana pilikino e hōʻemi. ʻO ka hoʻoponopono dosage, me ke ʻano kai, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia.
Insulin Glargin: nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ka mea hana i loko o ke kino ma ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ke kumu o ka hips a me nā poʻohiwi. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi hoʻohālikelike o ka hāmeʻa 1 manawa i kēlā me kēia lā i kahi manawa kikoʻī. Nā ʻōnaehana huakaʻi ʻē aʻe e pale ai i nā sila a me nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole ʻē aʻe. Ke kīpaki ʻole nei i ka lāʻau i loko o kahi vein.
Kalepa inoa, kūʻai, mālama i nā kūlana
Loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo o nā inoa kālepa kālepa nei:
- Lantus - 3700 rubles;
- Lantus SoloStar - 3500 rubles;
- Insulin Glargin - 3535 mau rubles.
E mālama i loko o ka friji i kahi mahana ma 2 a 8 tikelika. Ma hope o ka wehe ʻana, kūʻai i kahi wahi pouli a i waho o ka hiki o nā keiki, i ke ʻano o 25 a kūkaʻi (ʻaʻole i loko o ka friji).
Insulin Glargin: kūlike
Inā kūpono ʻole ke kumukūʻai o Insulin glargine iā ʻoe a i ʻole nā hopena he nui ʻole paha e ulu mai loko mai, lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me kekahi o nā mea kikoʻī ma lalo nei.
- ʻO Humalog (Lizpro) kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka insulin kūlohelohe i ka hoʻonohonoho. Hoʻokomo koke ʻia ka Humalog i ke kahe koko. Inā hoʻomau ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa i kuhikuhi ʻia o ka lā a i loko o ka hopena like, e kau hou ʻia ʻo Humalog e 2 mau manawa wikiwiki a e piʻi aʻe nā pae i makemake ʻia i 2 mau hola. Hoʻohana ʻia ka mea hana a 12 mau hola. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o ke Humalogue mai 1600 mau rubles.
- ʻO ka Aspart (Novorapid Penfill) kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e kāwili ana i ka pane a ka insulin i ka kō ʻana o ka meaʻai. Hana ia i ka nawaliwali loa a pōkole, maʻalahi ia e hoʻokele i ka pae o ka glucose i loko o ke koko. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka huahana mai 1800 rubles.
- ʻO Glulisin (Apidra) ka mea hoʻohana hoʻomehana ʻokiʻoki loa e hana ana i ka insulin. Ma o nā huahana pharmacological ʻaʻole ia i ʻokoʻa i ka Humalog, a me nā hana metabola - mai nā kūlohelohe kūloe i hana ʻia e ke kino kanaka. U kumukūʻai - 1908 mau rubles.
Ke koho nei i ka lāʻau kūpono, e nānā i ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi, nā maʻi kuʻi a me nā ʻano o ke kino o ke kino.
