ʻO ka Hyperglycemia kahi ʻōlelo lapaʻau e kuhikuhi ana i kahi kūlana kulana i kahi o ka hoʻokipa o ka glucose i ke koko ma mua o ka manawa i ʻae ʻia.
ʻAʻole maʻi ʻo Hyperglycemia, he ʻōpū ia.
Ka International Classification of Diseases (ICD 10) hoʻolako i kahi nui o nā maʻi a me nā hoʻopiʻi, no laila ke hōʻike ʻia nei kahi hōʻailona alanaʻāina ʻekolu inoa. ʻO ka code Hyperglycemia e like me ICD 10 he R73.
ʻO ke kō koko: maʻamau a me nā kūlohelohe
Manaʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka waiwai o 3.5 - 5.5 mmol / l i lilo i mea maʻamau (ʻoluʻolu) ke hōʻike o nā pae koko koko.
ʻO nā pae glucose ʻokoʻa ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi:
- mālie - 6.6-8.2 mmol / l;
- papa waena - 8.3-11.0 mmol / l;
- kaumaha kaumaha - mai 11.1 mmol / l a oi;
- kūlana ma mua o ke coma - mai 16.5 mmol / l a kiʻekiʻe;
- koma - 55.5 mmol / L a kiʻekiʻe aʻe.
Eia kekahi, me ka maʻi diabetes, aia kekahi ʻano o nā maʻi e like me:
- ka hyperglycemia ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole (ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole). I ka ʻai ʻana o ka mea maʻi ma mua o 8 mau hola, a piʻi ke kō o ke kōpake ma 7.2 mmol / l;
- hyperglycemia ma hope o kahi ʻai nui (postprandial). I kēia hihia, hiki ke pae i ka pae ʻai o ka nui o 10 mmol / L a kiʻekiʻe aʻe.
Mau ʻano
Hōʻike ka maʻi maʻi i nā ala like ʻole a me ka mea:
- aioha
- papale a pōkole paha;
- i ʻole i ʻike ʻia ʻole. Wahi a ICD 10, loaʻa iā ia ka code 9.
Hōʻike ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻano maʻi i kona hoʻomohala ʻana.
No ka hoʻohālikelike, ua hōʻike ʻia ka hyperglycemia maʻi e ka hoʻomau a me ka hoʻomau o ka metabola a he ʻano ʻano o ka maʻi mellitus.
ʻO ka hemahema o ka mālama ʻana i kēia hihia hiki ke alakaʻi i ka comglycemic coma. ʻO ke ʻano o ka pathology he ʻano pōkole loa, ma kēia hihia e piʻi aʻe ka pae glucose ma hope o kahi kīʻaha nui i waiwai me nā aʻe.
ʻO ka hyperglycemia unspecified e ka mahele i mahele ʻia i:
- maʻalahi (a piʻi i 8 mmol / l glucose i loko o ke koko);
- awelika (11 mmol / l, ʻaʻole nui);
- kaumaha (ma luna o 16 mmol / l).
ʻOkoʻa kēia ʻano kulekele i nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā kumu ʻole ke maopopo i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi. No laila, koi ʻo ia i ka nānā kūikawā a me ke kōkua pilikia i kahi pilikia paʻakikī.
No ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi maʻamau no ka hyperglycemia, ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina ma lalo nei.
- koko no ke biochemistry;
- ka nānāʻana i ka urine;
- Pūkuhi o ka ʻōpū;
- ka hulahula o ka lolo.
Wahi a nā hopena, hoʻoholo ke kauka i ke kumu o ka maʻi a kuhikuhi i ka ʻano kūpono.
Nā kumu kumu o ka maʻi
Hiki i ka ICD 10 hyperglycemia ke ulu pū i ʻelua mau ʻōnaehana: physiology a i ʻole pathology.
Akā ke kumu nui e noho nei i ka diabetes mellitus o nā 1 a me 2 mau ʻano.
Nā kumu physiological i nā hoʻonui koko koko:
- hoʻoweliweli ʻoihana i ke kaumaha (kaumaha), ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo reactive hyperglycemia;
- overeating (transient hyperglycemia);
- nā maʻi ʻohi.
Nā kumu pathological (a-non-diabetes):
- pālahalaha Hōʻino ʻia ka nui o ka lolo thyid ke hele i ka nui o nā hormones i hana ʻia e ia i ke kahe koko;
- nā pheochromocytoma. ^ E Ha yM. He maʻi kēia i kahi ʻano hormonal;
- acromegaly - ka maʻi endocrine;
- nāonaona. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kahi mākoki malignant o ka keleko thyroid i ka wā e hana ai i ka hormone kūikawā e hoʻokūkū nui ana i ka mana o ka nui o ka glucose i ke koko.
He aha nā lāʻau e pili ana i ka hiki ʻana o hyperglycemia?
ʻO ke "kuleana" no ke kō koko koko he insulin. ʻO ia ka mea "hoʻohuli" i ka glucose i nā loko, e hōʻoia i kona pae maʻamau i ke koko.
Aia ke kino i nā hormones e hoʻonui i ka kaila o ka glucose. Hoʻopili iki kēia mau hormones:
- nā kihi adrenal (cortisol);
- thyy gland;
- kelepona uila (somatropin);
- pancreas (glucagon).
I kahi kino olakino, hana ka nui o kēia mau hormones i ka ʻoliʻoli, a noho mau ka glycemia i loko o ka pae maʻamau.
Ma muli o ka hōʻemiʻana o ka hopena o ka hōʻemi i ka hana o ka insulin.
I ka hopena o ke kauʻana i ka insulin e hele mai:
- pololi o na hale, me ka hiki ole i ka panu ke komo iloko o lakou;
- paa ka nui o ka glucose i ke koko;
- hoʻomaka ke kino i ka naha o ka glycogen, e hoʻonui ana i ka pae o ka glucose.
Nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona
Me ka nui o ke kō, e manaʻo ai kekahi i kekahi mau hōʻailona, akā ʻaʻole naʻe e hōʻoluʻolu. Akā inā lilo ka maʻi, aia ka mau mana (kūikawā) i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi.
No laila, ʻo ka mea e pono ai ʻoe i ka hoʻolohe mua i ka mea mua:
- makewai ikaika;
- pinepine ke komo ʻana;
- poʻomanaʻo hoʻi;
- lupe a me na nawaliwali holoʻokoʻa;
- ʻālamalama (kalepona i ʻole);
- kaʻili kaumaha a me ka ʻeha.
Nā Diagnostics i ka ʻoihana a me ka home
Pono ka mea maʻi me ka hyperglycemia e kiaʻi mau i ke kō koko. ʻElua mau ʻano kauka hoʻohua:
- huina ʻaʻai koko (pono e pōloli ʻoe i 8 mau hola). Lawe ʻia ka ʻike mai ka manamana lima (maʻamau 3.5-5.5 mmol / l) a i ʻole mai ka vein (maʻamau 4.0-6.0 mmol / l);
- hōʻike hoʻoliʻi glucose glucose. ^ E Ha yM. Lawe ʻia ke koko he 2 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, a ʻo ka palena o ke kumu maʻamau he 7.8 mmol / l;
- papaleʻa glucose. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻike ka loiloi i ka waiwai i ka manawa a pono ka maʻamau ma waena o 70-125 mg / dl.
I kēia lā, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kānaka e kiaʻi pinepine i nā pae koko koko. A ʻo ka poʻe e pale i ko lākou olakino e pono e ʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi hyperglycemia.
ʻO ke kōkua mua
I ka hoʻomaka, ana mākou i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose i loko o ke koko. ʻO ka awelika koko kōpelika kūpono e pili ana i ka 3.5-5.5 mmol / L. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo i nā keiki (a hoʻokahi a me hoʻokahi hapa o ka makahiki) e helu ana kēia helu - 2.8-4.5 mmol / l. I nā poʻe ʻelemakule (ʻoi aku ma mua o 60 mau makahiki), ʻo ia ʻo 4.5-6.4 mmol / L. Me kahi hōʻailona he overestimated, pono e hāʻawi i ka mea maʻi e inu i ka nui o nā wai.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hāʻawi i ka mea maʻi i inu i nā wai mineral e like me Borjomi a i Essentuki
Inā pili ke kanaka i ka insulin, pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i kahi maʻi a nānā i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā pae o ke kō. Inā ʻaʻole hilinaʻi ka mea i loko o ka insulin, pono ʻoe e hoʻokō i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka waikawa i loko o ke kino - inu i nā wai hou aʻe, ʻai i nā mea kanu a ʻai paha. I kekahi manawa pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻōpū me ka hoʻonā ʻana o ka soda e wehe i ka acetone mai ke kino.
Ma mua o ka hōʻea ʻana o ke kauka, pono e mālama ʻia nā lula aʻe:
- wehe i ke kapa paʻa paʻa;
- e nānā i ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī no nā hōʻeha inā hāʻule kekahi kanaka, e nalo ana i ka ʻike;
- ia mea e pohō aku ai i ka mea maʻi, pono ia e kau ma kona ʻaoʻao me ka iho ʻole a lele ʻole ke kanaka;
- kiaʻi i ka hanu ʻana a me ke kahe koko i nā manawa āpau.
I ka hiki ʻana mai o ke kauka, e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo ia i ka pae o ka glucose i ke koko a hana i kahi inikini o ka insulin (inā pono).
Pono ka mālama lāʻau lapaʻau inā pono nā mea āpau i luna ke kōkua ʻana i ka mea maʻi a i ʻole ke koʻikoʻi.
ʻO nā ʻōhua hiki
Inā lōʻihi ka hyperglycemia, hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hoʻomau i nā hōʻeha paʻakikī. Hoʻonui pinepine pinepine i kēia i ka maʻi diabetes.
Hoʻopilikia ka hopena i kahi alualu. Hiki iā ia:
- nā maʻi ʻehaʻeha o ka naʻau e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka puʻuwai naʻau;
- pilikia ʻole;
- nā maka komohana (detinalment retachment or rupture, cataracts and glaucoma);
- hana ʻino i ka pili o ke nerve, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka maka o ka sensation, ke puhi a ʻāʻī paha paha;
- kaū ʻōpala a me nā maʻi (periodontal maʻi a me periodontitis).
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa
Hoʻomaka ka hana maʻi hyperglycemia me kahi haʻawina o ka mōʻaukala olakino maʻi. Ma kēia hihia, ua noʻonoʻo pono nā mea i hōʻike ʻia ka mea maʻi a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hōʻailona ʻole i pili ʻole i ka maʻi. ʻO ke ʻano, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua pono pono.
Hōʻike ka maʻi o ka hyperglycemia i ʻekolu mau hana:
- lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau;
- kaʻai paʻa (pilikino);
- hana liʻiliʻi kino.
He mea nui ʻole ke poina e nānā ʻia e nā mea ʻē aʻe o nā mea loea (neurologist, endocrinologist, ophthalmologist).
E kōkua kēia mau kauka i ka pale ʻana i ka hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ma ka mālama ʻana i ka hyperglycemia ICD, nā maʻi 10 e kuhikuhi i ka insulin.
Kauʻai
ʻO ke kānāwai nui o kēia meaʻai ka hōʻole loa ʻana i nā meaʻai i loaʻa nā palanikena maʻalahi a me kahi hōʻole ʻae i nā palakū paʻakikī.
E aʻo ʻia e nānā i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻe:
- ʻAʻole ʻoe pono e ʻai, akā pinepine. Pono ʻo 5 a 6 paha mau pāʻina i ka lā;
- He mea pono ke ʻai i ka ʻai protein;
- e hōʻemi i ka ʻai o nā meaʻai a me nā ʻono;
- ʻai hou aku i nā huaʻai (unsweetened) a me nā mea kanu;
- ʻO nā hua maloʻa a i ʻole nā mea maʻi meaʻai maikaʻi loa nā meaʻai momona.
Nā wikiō pili
He aha ka hyperglycemia a me hypoglycemia, me ke kumu maikaʻi loa lākou no ke maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, e ʻike ʻia ma ka wikiō:
ʻO ka Hyperglycemia kahi maʻi kūmole e koi nuiʻia. Hiki i ke kōpaʻa koko ke kū a hāʻule i loko o kahi manawa pōkole loa a alakaʻi i nā hopena hikiʻole. Pono ia e ʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi i loko o ʻoe iho a i kou mau hoahānau paha i ka manawa, e nānā i kahi kauka a hoʻomaka i ka mālama maʻi ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana i nā mea lapaʻau.
