I ka poʻe maʻi i ka wā pākeke, ʻoi aku ka pinepine ma hope o 40 mau makahiki, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona mua o kahi ʻano ʻohana. Aneane pinepine, hoʻonui ʻia ke kaumaha o ke kino i nā mea maʻi hiki. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana maʻi endocrine maʻi pancreatic ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ka meaʻai. Aia nā koi meaʻai kūikawā no ka maʻi diabetes type 2. I ka manawa like, ʻike nā kauka i ka mea nui e hoʻonaʻauao i nā mea maʻi i kekahi helu pila. He aha ke ʻano o ka "hui unit"? Pehea e hoʻohana ai i ka ʻikepili ikepili ma nā huahana xhe Pono e hoʻokaʻawale i nā maʻi maʻi i ka nui o nā meaʻai i ʻai ʻia?
Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā maʻi maʻi 2
Hōʻike ʻia kahi ʻano kūikawā maʻi maʻi maʻamau i ka hoʻoneʻeneʻe haʻahaʻa (haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka nui) e ka lālā alakaʻi o ka ʻōnaehana endocrine. ʻAʻole pili ka maʻi o ke ʻano lua me ka nele o ka hormone i ke kino, e like me ka mea mua. Hōʻalo nā cell i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi ma mua i mua o ka insulin a no kekahi mau kumu.
ʻO ka hana nui o ka hormone i hana ʻia e ka pancreas, ʻo ia ke kōkua i ka komo ʻana o ka glucose mai ke koko i loko o nā kiko (ʻōiwi, ka momona, ka ate). Ma ka maʻi diabetes type 2, aia ka insulin i ke kino, akā ʻaʻole ʻike nā ʻokoʻa i nā cell. ʻAʻole i hoʻohana ʻia ka glucose i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o ke koko, hele mai ka maʻi hyperglycemia (ʻoi loa ke kō o ke koko ma mua o nā pae ʻae ʻia). Ke hoʻomohala nei ke kaʻina o ka pale ʻana i nā insulin i ka hopena o nā mea maʻi e pili ana i nā makahiki, mai nā hebedoma a i nā mahina a me nā makahiki.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ka maʻi maʻi i ka hoʻokolohua maʻamau. Hiki ke nīnau aku i nā maʻi maʻi i hiki i ke kauka me nā hōʻailona o:
Eʻai ʻia e nā papa ʻai + papa- ʻōwili hāmama ākea, hina;
- ʻike hema, ʻike ʻaʻa;
- angiopathy (maʻi maʻi vascular peripheral);
- nā neuropathies (nā hoʻopiʻi o ka hana o nā hopena nerve);
- vena hope, impotence.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hāʻule o ka urine maloʻo e hōʻike ana i kahi hopena glucose e waiho i nā wahi keʻokeʻo ma ka lole. Ma kahi o 90% o nā maʻi, e like me ke kānāwai, loaʻa ke kino o ke kino ma mua o ka pākaukau. I ka hoʻohuli hou, hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ua loaʻa ka mea maʻi i nā maʻi hoʻomohala intrauterine i ka wā postnatal. Kākoʻo ʻo ka wai mua me ka waiū wai i nā hemahema i ka hana ʻana o ka insulin ponoʻī (endogenous). Manaʻo nā kauka, inā hiki, e hoʻolako i ka pēpē me ka umauma.
I nā kūlana o kēia wā, hoʻomohala ʻia ka hoʻokele waiwai me ka makemake ʻana i ke ʻano maʻalahi. Ke hoʻomau nei nā mīkini hana i ka paka i ka ikehu, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka uluʻana o ka momona, hypertension a me ka maʻi diabetes. Hōʻike ka mea hoʻohālikelike o ka glycemia i kona manawa aia ʻo 50% o nā seleka pancreatic kūikawā i nalowale ia i kā lākou hana hana.
ʻO ka manawa o ka pae asymptomatic maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi e manaʻo ʻia e nā endocrinologists i mea ʻoi loa ka pilikia. Ua maʻi ʻia ke kanaka, akā ʻaʻole e loaʻa ka mālama kūpono. Aia ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hanana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā hoʻopiʻi cardiovascular. ʻO ka maʻi i hōʻike ʻia ma kahi wā mua e hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. He nui nā wai kūikawā, nā hana kino a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mea kūpono o nā maʻi maʻi 2 ke hoʻohana nei i ka XE
ʻO ka mea me ka maʻi maʻi e loaʻa ana i ka insulin e hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻāpana berena. ʻO nā mea maʻi o ke ʻano 2, pinepine me ke kaumaha nui o ke kino, pono ke mālama i kahi meaʻai. Ke hoʻokō nei ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka paona i hiki i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka nui o nā pūʻulu ʻai i ʻai ʻia.
Ma ka maʻi mellitus ma ka maʻi maʻi ma mua, ʻo ka hana kino ke hana i ka lua. He mea nui e mālama i ka hopena i loaʻa. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka helu ʻana o nā huahana XE ma mua o ka waihona kalina o nā meaʻai.
No ka hōʻoluʻolu, ua māheleʻia nā huahana a pau i nā hui 3.
- ka poʻe i hiki ke ʻai ʻia me nā palena ʻole (i loko o nā palena kūpono) a ʻaʻole helu i nā pāʻina papa;
- meaʻai i ka mālama ʻana i ka insulin;
- pono hiki ʻole ke hoʻohana, koe wale nō no kahi hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka hypoglycemia (ke piʻi ʻana o ke kō o ke koko.)
ʻO ka ʻikepili e pili ana i nā ʻāpana kālā i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i nā papa kuhikuhi a me nā kiʻi kahi e loaʻa ai ka huahana i hoʻohana ʻia.
Hoʻokomo pū ka pūʻulu mua i nā mea kanu, nā huahana ʻiʻo, ka pata. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻonui i ka mea (a e hāpai liʻiliʻi) i ka ʻike o ka glucose i ke koko. I waena o nā mea kanu, ua pili nā mea pili i nā pateta mea make, ka mea nui i ke ʻano o kahi pā wela - nā pateta mashed. Hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻia nā lau aʻa ʻōpala a pau me nā momona. Hoʻopili ka ʻano ʻalohi o ka huahana a me nā mea momona i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka huehue wikiwiki ʻana - hoʻohiolo iā ia.
ʻO ke koena o ka lau ʻai (ʻaʻole ka wai mai lākou) no 1 XE huli mai:
- kāwili, kaloti - 200 g;
- kāpeti, kamato, ʻōpala - 400 g;
- paukena - 600 g;
- kukama - 800 g.
Ma ka lua o nā huahana nā huahana "wikiwiki" wikiwiki (ʻo nā huahana palaoa, nā waiū, ka wai o ka wai, nā mea ʻai, nā pasta, nā huaʻai). I ke kolu - gula, meli, kaʻaila, nā mea momona. Hoʻohana wale ʻia lākou e hiki i nā pilikia ākea, me kahi haʻahaʻa o ka glucose i ke koko (hypoglycemia).
Ua kau ʻia ka manaʻo o ka "ʻāpana berena" no ka loiloi pili i nā haʻalulu e komo ana i ke kino. Ua kūpono ka criterion e hoʻohana i ka kuke ʻana a me ka hoʻōla no ka hoʻololi o nā huahana o ka calcium. Kūkulu ʻia nā mākeke i loko o ka ʻenehana endocrinological ʻepekema o RAMS.
1 XE ma ka awelika he 12 g o ka holo momona maʻamau (one - 1 tbsp. L.) a 20-25 g o ka palaoa lau ʻole (ʻo ka piha, maʻamau i ʻoki ʻia i kahi ʻāpana)
Aia kahi hoʻonohonoho kūikawā no ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā huahana ma nā pūʻulu berena. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e hoʻohana i ka papaʻaina o nā papa berena no nā maʻi maʻi. Loaʻa ia mau māhele:
- miki
- ka palaoa a me nā huahanaʻaiʻai, cereals;
- nā huaʻehā a me nā hua;
- nā mea kanu
- nā huahana dairy;
- inu wai.
Hoʻonui ka meaʻai i ka nui o 1 XE e hoʻonui ai i ke kōpaʻa koko ma kahi o 1,8 mmol / L. Ma muli o ke kau kūlohelohe kūlohelohe o ka hana o nā kaʻina biochemical i loko o ke kino i ka lā, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka metabolism i loko o ka hapa mua. I ke kakahiaka, ʻo 1 XE e hoʻonui i ka glycemia e 2.0 mmol / L, i ke ahiahi - 1.5 mmol / L, i ke ahiahi - 1.0 mmol / L. Wahi a ia, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka nui o ka inikua no nā ʻāpana ʻai ʻai.
Ma mua o ka ʻaina kakahiaka (3 XE) a me kaʻaina awakea (4 XE), pono i kahi wahine maʻi maʻi maʻi e hana 6 mau ʻāpana o ka insulin hana pōkole, ma mua o ka pāʻina (3 XE) - 3 mau ʻāpana.
ʻO nā makika liʻiliʻi me ka hana nui o ka mea maʻi e ʻae ʻia me ka wailua ʻana i ka hormone. 1 a i ʻole 2 mau inikua o ka lōʻihi o ka insulin (hana hoʻomohala) i kēlā me kēia lā, mālama paʻa ka glycemic background o ke kino. Hana ʻia kahi kīʻaha ma mua o ka hiamoe (1-2 XE) i mea e pale ai i ka pō hypoglycemia pō. ʻAʻole pono ke ʻai i nā huaʻai i ka pō. ʻAʻole hiki i ka pale momona nā pale me ka hoʻouka ʻana.
ʻO ka nui o ka meaʻai o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻamau e hana nei i ka hana maʻamau ma kahi o 20 XE. Me ka hana kino kino - 25 XE. No nā mea makemake e hoʻemi i ka paona - 12-14 XE. ʻO ka hapalua o ka meaʻai o ka mea maʻi e hōʻike ʻia e nā calcium (ka palaoa, nā cereals, nā mea kanu, nā hua). ʻO ke koena, ma kahi kokoke e like me nā hoʻohālikelike, ʻo ia nā momona, a me nā mea i hoʻouluulu ʻia (ka ʻiʻo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, kahawai, nā hua iʻa, nā aila). Hoʻoholo ka palena no ka nui loa o ka ʻai i loko o ka pāʻina hoʻokahi - 7 XE.
Ma ke ʻano ʻo ka maʻi diabetes 2, e pili ana i ka ikepili XE i ka papaʻaina, ke hoʻoholo ka mea maʻi i ka ʻāpana o nā pūʻulu berena e hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i kēlā me kēia lā. No ka laʻana, e ʻai ʻo ia i ka 3-4 tbsp no ka ʻaina kakahiaka. la l cereal - 1 XE, kahi kāwili liʻiliʻi-nui - 1 XE, kahi pāmole o ka pata - 1 XE, ʻōpuni liʻiliʻi - 1 XE. ʻO nā kalaka (kā palaoa, palaoa) maʻamau i nā huahana iʻa. ʻAʻole pono ka kīʻaha kīnā ʻole XE i ka helu ʻana ma XE.
Aia ma laila he hōʻike e pili ana i ka helu o ka maʻi āpau o ka maʻi āpau ma mua o ka helu o nā mea maʻi ma ka type like ole o ka insulin.
Makau nā kānaka e hoʻoluhi i nā hormone no nā kumu he nui, ka hapanui o ka noʻonoʻo
Loaʻa i nā kauka nā pahuhopu e pili ana i ka wā e kuhikuhi ai i ka insulin no nā maʻi maʻi type 2.
- pale i ka comg hyperglycemic como a me ketoacidosis (ke kaike o acetone i loko o ka pāʻai);
- hoopau i nā hōʻailona (excruciating makeha, waha maloʻo, urination pinepine);
- hoʻihoʻi i ka momona kino o ke kino;
- hoʻoikaika i ka hana maikaʻi, ka maikaʻi o ke ola, ka hana, hana, hana i ka hoʻomaʻama kino kino;
- hoʻemi i ka hōʻeha a me ka pinepine o nā maʻi;
- pale aku i nā leʻaleʻa nui a me nā moku liʻiliʻi.
Hiki ke hoʻokō i nā pahuhopu ma o ka glycemia maʻamau i ka wikiwiki (a hiki i 5.5 mmol / L), ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana - 10.0 mmol / L. ʻO ka helu hope loa ka paepae o ka honu. Me ka pakeke, hiki ke hoʻonui. I nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, ua hoʻoholo ʻia nā hōʻailona glycemic e: ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole - a hiki i 11 mmol / l, ma hope o ka ʻai - 16 mmol / l.
Me kēia pae o ka glucose, hoʻonā ka hana o ke kaila keʻokeʻo. Manaʻo nā mea loea alakaʻi he mea pono ke kuhikuhi i ka insulin i ka wā hoʻohana nā lāʻau lapaʻau i mālama ʻole i ka pae glycemic pae (HbA1c) ma mua o 8%.
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hormonal o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes type 2 e kōkua e hoʻoponopono i:
- lawa ole o ka hana ʻana o ka hana o ka insulin;
- ka nui o ka hana glucose glucose;
- ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā kālaiʻu i nā kōpili peripheral o ke kino.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōmaka no ka inika insulin i nā maʻi maʻi pili i ka makahiki ʻelua: kūwaha (decompensation o nā meli ma muli o ka hapai, ka hōʻoki ʻia, nā maʻi hōʻeha) a me ka hakahaka (maikaʻi ʻole o ka honi haʻahaʻa o nā wai, ko lākou intolerance).
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke ʻano wehewehe ʻia o ka maʻi. ʻO ke kumu nui, pono i ka mea maʻi e pili pono i kahi meaʻai a me nā meaʻai paʻa. Hiki i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka inika insulin he wā lohi a mau ʻole paha. ʻO ka koho mua e mau, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, a 3 mau mahina. A laila hiki ke kauka ke kauka i ka ʻōlelo.
ʻO ka maʻi diabetes type 2 ke manaʻo ʻia i kahi loiloi loiloi maikaʻi ʻia, hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka maʻi. ʻAʻole paʻakikī kāna maʻi a me ka mālama ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea maʻi ke hōʻole mai ka ʻōnaehana olakino i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻia. ʻO ka pancreas i loko o ke kino o ka maʻi maʻi ma ka manawa like me ke kākoʻo e pono ai.
