I waena o nā lāʻau lapaʻau me nā waiwai hypoglycemic, kū mai ʻo Protafan NM. ʻO kēia mea hana no ka insulin kanaka a hoʻohana ʻia ma ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes.
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hypoglycemic. I ka ʻōlelo Lālia, ua kapa ʻia kēia lāʻau ʻo Protaphane.
Hōʻike, hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻano
Wahi a Protafan i nā lāʻau lapaʻau multicomponent. ʻO kāna mea nui ka isophan kanaka kanaka, loaʻa mai ka ʻenehana genetic. Eia kekahi, aia kahi zinc chloride a me metacresol i loko o ka mana o ka lāʻau. ʻO ia hoʻi ka protamine sulfate a me ka glycerin.
ʻO nā mea waiwai'ē aʻe, aia ka lāʻau i ka sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, a me nā fenol. ʻO ka hana pono o ka huahana ke injection wai.
Loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano o ka hana hoʻopiʻi, ka mea i mālama ʻia ma ka subcutaneously hoʻomanawanui. Hiki ke loaʻa ke kaʻaʻi ma nā pahu pahu aniani a i ʻole nā hōkū. ʻO ka nui o ka hue he 10 ml. Loaʻa i loko o kahi pahu i kahi pahu.
Aia i ka pahu pahu pahu he 3 ml o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Aia he 5 mau kāleka ma hoʻokahi pānaʻi o ka huahana.
ʻO ka insulin ma ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau he manawa maʻamau o ka hana ma ke kino o ka mea maʻi. Hana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma Denemaka a loaʻa i ka inoa kālepa ʻo Protafan NM Penfill.
He ola oki i ka lāʻau i nā mea i hala ʻole ma mua o 2.5 mau makahiki. ʻO ka lumi mālama pono ʻia mai 2 a 80ºС. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mahina a mālama i ka wela o ke lumi.
ʻO ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka pharmacokinetics
ʻO ka Protafan HM ka insulin, i loaʻa mai ka DNA hoʻololi. He huahana huahana genetic kēia hana. Ma muli o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau me nā membrane receptors, hoʻoulu ʻia nā hana intracellular. I kēia hihia, ua hoʻohuihui ʻia ka hexokinase a me nā polokalamu ʻē aʻe.
Hōʻike ʻia ka hopena hypoglycemic o ka lāʻau i ka hiki ke komo ʻana i ka glucose i loko o nā hale. I kēia hihia, aia ka wikiwiki o kāna kaʻa i loko o nā pūlau.
Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻike nui ka glucose i nā kiko, a me ka emi ʻana o ka hana o ka ʻāʻī ma ke ʻano. Hoʻolaʻa ʻo Protafan i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka maʻi glucose i ka glycogen, i ukali ʻia e ka piʻi ʻana o ka lako me nā ʻāʻī. Hoʻolālā maikaʻi me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā peptides.
ʻO ke komo ʻana o ka Protafan e hilinaʻi i kekahi mau ʻano:
- pākē
- wahi o ka hoʻokele lāʻau;
- ʻano hoʻokomo;
- ʻano hānai ma ke ʻano maʻi.
Hoʻomaka ka hana a nā maʻi injected i nā hola 1.5 aʻe. ʻO ka hopena piha o ka mālama i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻike ʻia ma hope o nā hola 4-12 mai ka manawa o ka hoʻonā. Hiki i ka hana a ka hormone ke hele i nā lā.
Aia ke lōʻihi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ala i hoʻokomo ʻia ai i ke kino o ka mea maʻi. Ma hope o ka mālama subutaneus, ʻike ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka hopena o ka lāʻai ma ke koko no 2-18 hola.
ʻAʻole ka kikowaena o ka luna hana me nā protein plasma. I kēia hihia, aia ka liʻiliʻi o ka hana i loko o ke koko o nā antibodies i hōʻeha ʻia i ka insulin. I ka wā o ka metabolism, hana ʻia nā metabolites mai nā mea hoʻohui i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e komo paʻa ana i loko o ke kino.
ʻO ka hapalua o ka ola o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻea i nā hola 5-10.
Nā hōʻailona a me nā contraindications
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka lāʻau inā loaʻa ka maʻi maʻi o nā ʻano ʻelua.
ʻO nā contraindications koʻikoʻi e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau nā:
- kahi kahaki nui ʻana i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi koko (hypoglycemia);
- neoplasma benign (i kekahi manawa malignant) e hoʻokuʻu ʻole ʻole e hoʻokuʻu i ka insulin i loko o ke koko (insulinomas);
- ka pilikino kūikawā i nā mea o ka lāʻau.
Nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻohana
Hiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ka mea maʻi wale nō inā loaʻa iā ia ke kauka lāʻau. Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau ma ka subcutaneously. Lā ʻia ʻo ka hoʻokele waiwai ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO ka palena liʻiliʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka 0.3 IU / kg, ʻo ka nui ka 1 IU / kg no hoʻokahi lā. No nā poʻe maʻi momona a me nā wā'ōpiopio, e koi ʻia kahi nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a no nā mea maʻi me nā pathologies, kahi hōʻemi o ka lāʻau.
Hiki i ka mea hoʻohana ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka mele a hui pū me ka insulin, kahi hopena a i ʻole ka hopena.
Nā wahi i ʻōlelo ʻia:
- mau ʻāpana o ka hips;
- paia o mua o ka ʻōpū;
- kumalāʻau kumumanae kūpono;
- ʻōpō.
Ke paʻi ʻia ka lāʻau i ka ʻūhā, ʻike ʻia kahi lohi o kona lawe ʻana.
Hiki iā ia ke pale aku i ka hoʻokele intramuscular o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau inā hana ʻia kahi inapoʻe i loko o kahi palahalaha o ka ʻili.
Ma ke kaʻina o kahi maʻi, pono ia e mālama i ka ʻili ma lalo o ka ʻili no 6 mau kekona e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō piha ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ma muli o nā inikini ma nā wahi like, hiki i ka hiʻohiʻona o ka lipodystrophy. Pono e kīloʻi i kēlā me kēia manawa i kahi wahi.
Pono ka hoʻoponopono ʻia o ka protafan ma nā hihia o:
- nā maʻi lēpaʻi me nā hōʻailona o ke ala o ka maʻi i ka mea maʻi (ka nui o ka nui o ka insulin);
- ka heleʻana o nā maʻi o ka pēpē i ka mea maʻi, ka ate (hoʻemi ʻia ka make);
- nā loli;
- nā hopenaʻai;
- liuliu mai kekahi ʻano o ka inehina i kekahi.
Aʻo i nā wikiō ʻolelo Syringe pen injection:
ʻO nā maʻi kūikawā
ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Protafan no nā maʻi:
- me ke kōpaʻa koko haʻahaʻa;
- ka ke aloha ʻole ʻana i nā kū hoʻokahi o ka lāʻau.
I kēia mau hihia, pono lākou e hōʻole i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka lāʻau i loko o ke kino.
Me ka makaʻala, pono e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā mea maʻi aʻe:
- me ka maʻi type type 1 ma muli o ka lawe ʻana i ka hewa hewa o ka lāʻau;
- maʻiʻaʻai i ka metacresol, he mea ia o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hiki i nā wahine hāpai ke lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i kū ka insulin i ka plasenta. Pono ka hopena o ka maʻi hānai me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i kahi wahine hāpai i ka hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi ma ke ola o ke keiki hānau ʻole.
I ka wā o ka mālamaʻana, mālama ʻia ka ʻike ka nui o ka glucose i ke koko o kahi wahine hāpai. Pono kahi ʻano lapaʻau i koho ʻia e pono ai. Ma muli o ke hala pono ʻole, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻeha i ka pathology fetal a i ʻole ka make.
Pono ka insulin i nā wahine hāpai i ka manawa o ka hapai:
- 1st trimester - pono ka liʻiliʻi no ka insulin;
- Pono ka 2 - pono me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wai nui e ka hopena o ka manawa;
- 3 - pono pono.
Hiki ke lawelawe ʻia ka Protafan i nā wahine i ka wā lactation. ʻAʻole komo nā māhele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka waiū makuahine a ʻaʻole hiki i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka pēpē. I kekahi mau hihia, pono paha ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau i ka wahine lactating.
ʻO ka haʻawina wikiō e pili ana i ka helu ʻana o ka maʻi o ka hormone:
Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī
I kekahi mau hihia, lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka neʻe ʻana o ka nānā ma kahi kanaka. Hoʻopau maoli nō kēia i nā hihia i ka wā a loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ke hōʻailona o ka hypoglycemia. I kēlā mau hihia, pono ia e pale ʻole i ke kaʻa.
Pono ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi no nā maʻi:
- e loaʻa ana i nā maʻi ʻeha, ke kuni (e hoʻonui ana i ka nui o ka lāʻau me ka mālama mau ʻana i ka mea maʻi e koi);
- e loaʻa ana i nā maʻi o ka ate, nā ʻōpū (pono e hoʻemi ʻia ka make);
- ke kaalo ana mai i na iniao o kekahi ano a me kekahi;
- mākaʻikaʻi a me ke hele ʻana i nā aniani o nā manawa (e koi ʻia ke hoʻoponopono ʻana).
Hiki i nā Protafan ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hypoglycemia i ka mea maʻi inā ʻaʻole ia e ʻai a i ʻole he hopena nui o ka hoʻoikaika kino a me ka haʻuki.
ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia ka pono i loko o ka paukena insulin no ka hoʻomau i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hormone ma lalo o ka ʻili.
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me ka overdose
Ua haʻi ʻia nā hopena ʻokoʻa i loko o nā loiloi o nā maʻi e lawe ana iā Protafan:
- ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kōnohi koko koko (hypoglycemia);
- ʻaʻano pōkole
- hana hewa ʻole o nā ʻōpū, ʻōpū;
- ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke koko;
- angioedema type edema;
- paluanaluhi;
- allergy i ke ʻano o ka ʻohi, hina.
- nā palaka a nāwaliwali me ka hypoglycemia koʻikoʻi;
- neuropathy;
- ka ʻū ʻana, ka puʻu, a me ka ʻulaʻula hoʻi ma ka wahi ʻōlelo.
Ke alakaʻi nei kahi overdose o ka Protafan i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hypoglycemia. Hiki iā ia ke loaʻa mālie a paʻakikī. Me ka hypoglycemia mālie, lawa ka mea maʻi e lawe i kahi huahana momona.
Ma nā hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi, koi ʻia ka hoʻokipa maʻi me ka hoʻopuka ʻana i kahi hopena no 40% dextrose ma o kahi maʻi i ka mea maʻi. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Glucagon, kahi i kaha ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili a i ʻole intramuscularly. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, pono e loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ke loaʻa i ka ʻai me nā kīleʻa kalepa a me ka mālama mau ʻana i ka hauka.
Nā Kūleʻa Kūʻai a me nā Analog
No ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nā koho i koho ʻia no ka launa pū me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea ʻē aʻe:
- hoʻoikaika i ka hopena o Protafan - ka waiʻona, clofibrate, ketoconazole, amphetamine, theophylline, anabolics, hoʻomākaukau lithium, cyclophosphamide, bromocriptine, pyridoxine, tetracyclines, acetylsalicylic acid;
- ho'ēmi i ka hopena o Protafan - Heparin, ka waikū nicotinic, Chlorprotixen, phenothiazines, Morphine, Clonidine, contraceptives i nā papa, Danazole, diuretics o ka hui thiazide, glucocorticoids, lithium carbonate, Diazoxide;
- kahi hopena i hoʻopiʻi ʻia e nā lāʻau lapaʻau - Reserpine, Octreotide, salicylates, Lanreotide.
ʻO nā mea kikoʻī nui o ka Protafan NM nā:
- Biosulin;
- Rinsulin NPH;
- Insulin isophane;
- Rosinsulin C;
- Homophane;
- Palekana i ka pilikia olakino
- Humulin NPH;
- Gansulin N;
- Insuman Bazal GT;
- Actrafan NM;
- Biosulin N;
- Diafan ChSP;
- Vozulim N.
ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o insulin Protafan NM ma kahi iniha o 100 mau ʻāpana / ml no 1 pahu o 358-437 rubles. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o nā analogues o ka lāʻau lapaʻau mai ka 152 a i ka 1394 rubles.
