He aha ka mea atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis: nā hōʻailona a me ka mālama

ʻO ka maʻi atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis (nā inoa ʻē aʻe no ka maʻi - myocardiosclerosis, sclerosis o ka puʻuwai) he lalahalula o nā mea pili i loko o ka myocardium ma muli o nā kolamu e waiho i loko o nā moku coronary. ʻO ka hōʻailona nui o ka maʻi ka holomua me ka maʻi ʻalani coronary, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka naʻau, arrhythmia, conduction failed and heart pain.

ʻO ka hoʻowalewale o ka pathology e loaʻa i nā ʻano hana like ʻole - electrocardiography, echocardiography, ergometry pahi, kolesterol, lipoproteins a me nā hōʻike lāʻau lapaʻau.

Ma ka wikiwiki o ka maʻi maʻa ʻia ka hana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea maʻi e kāpae i kahi hoʻololi pathological i loko o nā moku coronary. E kāhea ana ka Therapy i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke koko i loko o nā moku coronary, ka hoʻokele ʻana a me ke kuʻi, e hōʻoki ana i ka ʻeha a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol hāhai.

Nā kumu a me nā pathogenesis o ka maʻi

I loko o ka cardiology, he manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ka atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis kahi hōʻike hōʻike o IHD. Hoʻopilikia kēia maʻi maʻi i ka hoʻowalewale hoʻoliʻi a i ʻole pahuhopu o ka ʻōnaehana myocardial me nā ʻalā.

ʻO ke kumu nui no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kaʻina pathological ʻo ka hoʻoiho ʻana i nā palaki kolesterol i nā moku coronary e kū nei ma luna o ke 50 makahiki.

ʻO ia nā hopena hoʻopiʻi i ka hopena o nā pilikia o ka lipid metabolism, ke piʻi aʻe ka ʻike o ke koko o ka lipoproteins low density (LDL) - nā pūmua protein kūikawā e halihali i ka kolesterol i nā cell. ʻAʻole lākou e hōloe i ke koko, no laila aia ka nui o lākou ma luna o nā pā o ke koko, hoʻomaka ʻia kahi ʻano o ka hua i loko o ke ʻano o ka pā palaka.

I kēia hihia, aia ka emi ʻana o ka lipoproteins density kiʻekiʻe (HDL), ʻaʻole ia atherogen. ʻO kā lākou kiʻekiʻe koko ke hōʻailona o ka maʻamau lipid metabolism. Hoʻopā maikaʻi kēia mau mea kanu i loko o ke koko a pale i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā palaki.

ʻO ka lipid metabolism ka maʻi ʻeha pū kekahi i nā poʻe i hoʻopili ʻole i ke ola olakino. Hoʻokomo i nā mea i hoʻonui i ka hiki i ka myocardiosclerosis:

• nele i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a me ka momona nui;
• kaʻai nui ʻana o nā meaʻai me ke kolamu nui;
• ka heleʻana o ka maʻi mellitus (type 1 a i ʻole 2);
• ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā contraceptives hormonal;
• maikaʻi ʻino - kūʻai a me ka inu ʻawa.

Hōʻuluʻulu ka mea pilikia i nā kāne i ʻoi aku ma mua o 45 mau makahiki, nā maʻi maʻi, nā poʻe o nā makahiki ua nui a me ka makemake hoʻoilina e kūkulu i kēia kuʻuna. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ma ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi naʻau coronary a me ka maʻi mellitus ma ka 80% i ka nui o ka atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis.

ʻO ka make ʻana o nā uaua kinipona o ka myocardium i lōʻihi ke lōʻihi. Ma muli o ka make ʻana o nā mea hoʻokae, ua emi iho ka ulu ʻana o ka kikoo i ka oxygen, a me ka hopena e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka IHD.

ʻO nā ʻano a me nā ʻano o myocardiosclerosis

Hōʻike ka maʻi iā ia iho i ʻelua mau ʻano - e pālahalaha i kahi kikoʻī a he nui. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā ʻano ʻelua o ka maʻi, ʻo ia ka māhele o ka wahi i paʻi ʻia.

ʻO ka maʻi "mococociosiosio moloko liʻiliʻi" ka mea i hoʻopilikia ai nā maʻi i nā wahi ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma ka 2 mm o ka laulā. Ka mea, me kahi kikoʻī nui nui, nā pūnaewele i hoʻololi ʻia e ka ʻaoʻao hoʻohui hoʻohui i nā nui o ka 2 mm.

Aia kahi papa o ka myocardiosclerosis, i ka lawe ʻana i nā hana papa pathogenetic. Wahi a kēia koi, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano ʻekolu o ka cardiosclerosis:

1. Isikaika. Ke holomua nei ka pathology no ka manawa lōʻihi, a pākuhi ia i nā puʻuwai naʻau o ka naʻau. Hoʻoulu kēia ʻano maʻi ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka hoʻopu koko a me ka pōloli oxygen.
2. ʻO Postinfarction (kahi inoa ʻē aʻe - post-necrotic). Hoʻohālikelike ia me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kīkē i nā wahi necrotic o ka myocardium. Hele lākou i nā mea like ʻole, me ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau ma hope e hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohui pū me nā ʻea kahiko, ka wā e hoʻopili ana i nā ʻeha nui. Ma muli o ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka wahi palala, hōʻeha ka mea maʻi i ka hypertension arterial.
3. Kūmole (waʻa). Hoʻohui like i nā ʻano mahele ʻelua o ke ʻano. No ka cardiosclerosis i hui ʻia, kahi lula ka nui o ka kiko o ka fibrous kahi ʻano, a ma ke ʻano o ka necrotic i kahi manawa i ka manawa ma hope o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau.

ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo ka myocardiosclerosis i hele pū me nā maʻi concomitant. Hoʻopili kēia ma ka ischemia, myocardial dystrophy, ka luku ʻana i ka kaila ʻūpū a me ka hōʻino o ka metabolic i loko o ka puʻuwai.

Nā hōʻailona hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi

ʻO ka Coronarocardiosclerosis kahi maʻi e hoʻomohala ana i ka wā lōʻihi, ʻo ia hoʻi i nā manawa mua ʻaʻole paha ke kanaka i loaʻa kekahi mau hōʻailona. Hoʻomaʻama pinepine, ʻike ʻia nā loli mua ʻana me ka pae o kahi electrocardiogram (ECG).

ʻEkolu mau pūʻulu o nā maʻi, e pili ana i ka holomua o ka maʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke kī he hōʻino i ka hana kontrakile o ka puʻuwai, ka pākaukau a me ka hoʻokele, a me ka hemahema o ka coronary.

Inā i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka cardiosclerosis atherosclerotic ʻaʻoleʻike i ka mea maʻi i ka ʻehaʻī, a no ka manawa ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻeha ʻana i ka sternum e hōʻea ana i ka lima hema, scapula a i ʻole ka epigastric wahi. Aia ka hopena e pili hou ana i nā hōʻeha puʻuwai.

Ke laha nei ka pilama huakaʻi i ka myocardium, loaʻa i ka mea maʻi ka maʻi ʻehā:

• ho'ēmi i ka hiki ke hana;
• ka pōkole o ka hanu (mua - me ka ʻōpū, a laila - i ka hele);
• nā hana hōʻeha a ka maʻi cardiac;
• ʻO ka edema pulmonary.

Ke hele ʻia ka myocardiosclerosis e ka huhū puʻuwai, ʻike ʻia nā hanana holomua i lalo nei:

1. ʻO ka ʻano kūʻai i loko o nā pūpū.
2. Huli puʻuwai.
3. ʻO ka hoʻonui aʻe o ka nui o ka ʻōpū (hepatomegaly).
4. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pleurisy a piʻi.

ʻO kahi puʻuwai puʻuwai a me nā maʻi hoʻomaha i hui pū ʻia me myocardiosclerosis e hoʻoulu hou i kahi hopena. Ma ke hopena, hiki i ka extrasystole - nā hana hoʻoweliweli ʻokoʻa o nā ʻāpana pākahi a i ʻole ka naʻau holoʻokoʻa; atrial fibrillation - kahi hana ʻino a ka atrial a me nā fibrillation o kekahi mau pūʻulu o nā uaua atrial; atrioventricular a me intraventricular blockade.

Inā nānā ʻia nā hōʻailona mai kēlā manawa i kēia manawa, a laila me ke ʻano o ka maʻi e lilo lākou i mea maʻamau maʻamau.

Ke hoʻohui i ka myocardiosclerosis me ka atherosclerosis o ka aorta, peripheral nui a me nā cerebral arteries (macroangiopathy), hoʻopiʻi ka mea maʻi i nā hōʻailona e like me ka ulu ʻana o ka hana palakima, ka hoʻomehana, ke kanikau, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka pōʻino o ka maʻi ma hope o ka pōʻino o ke kūlana, hiki mai kahi hoʻomaikaʻi pōkole.

Hiki i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka maikaʻi ma ka maikaʻi ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma hope o ʻekolu mau makahiki, akā ma ka hana ʻino e pili ana i ka hoʻokahe koko, e hoʻomaka ana i nā maʻi ʻoi aku ka nui o ka myocardiosclerosis.

ʻO nā hopena o ka hana kūpono ʻole

Me ka hoʻomohalaʻana o ka cardiosclerosis, mea nui loa ia e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka manawa a hoʻomaka i ka mālama pono. Inā ʻaʻole, hiki i ka pilikia ke kūkulu i nā hoʻopiʻi koʻikoʻi.

ʻO ka hoʻomau ka holomua o ka pathology e hoʻolōʻihi i ka pilikia. Ma muli o ka hiki ʻole o ka puʻuwai ke hoʻokuʻu aku i ke koko, hiki i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā hoʻopiʻi ke hoʻopili me ka pōkole o ka hanu, nāwaliwali, ka ʻā ʻana o nā ʻōwili, ka ʻeha o ka ʻili, ka ʻeha ma nā wāwae a me ka ʻuʻoke ʻana o nā veins o ka laʻa.

ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā loli myocardial me stenosis o ka aronona coronary (> 70%) nui i nā hoʻopiʻi. I waena o lākou, pono e hōʻike i:

• ka huehue o ka puʻuwai aloha, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ka naʻau pulmonary paʻaka, ka pīhoihoi cardiogenic a me ka edema pulmonary;
• hookaa ana i na lehele o ka puuwai, i.e. he hoʻonui i ka nui o kona mau keʻena;
• ka thromboembolism (pani i kahi moku e ka thrombus) a me ka thrombosis;
• haunaele o ka aorta a me aneurysm (vasodilation);
• atrial fibrillation;
• edema poloka;
• kuʻe o ka hoʻokele a me ke kani;
• ʻimiʻeliʻa paroxysmal.

Ke hōʻike nei nā helu hoʻohuli ʻole i ka 85% o nā hihia o ka hopena o myocardiosclerosis, kahi hopena hōʻeha.

No laila, he mea paʻakikī ka mea maʻi a me ke kauka - e pili ana i nā lula a pau o ka lapaʻau ʻana, ka meaʻai a me ka pale ʻana i nā hopena o nā cardiosclerosis atherosclerotic.

ʻO nā kumumanaʻo o ka maʻi o ke kuʻuna

ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā maʻi āpau ua ʻokoʻa ka hapalua o ka mālama kūleʻa. I kēia hihia, ua ʻike ʻia ka cardiosclerosis i ka wā o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi maʻamau no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohālikelike iā ia iho.

Hoʻonākaʻi ke kauka i ka mea maʻi i hoʻokumu i ka mōʻaukala a me nā hōʻailona subjective. Ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kahi anamnesis, hoʻoholo ka mea loea inā he maʻi ka maʻi coronary artery, ʻōpala hana ʻole, atherosclerosis, puʻuwai puʻuwai, etc.

E hōʻoia a hōʻoia paha i ka maʻi maʻi, kuhikuhi ke kauka i ke ʻano hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aʻe. Pono: hoʻokolohua koko biochemical (LHC). Ma ke alo o myocarodiosclerosis, ʻike i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol a me nā beta-lipoproteins; electrocardiogram (ECG). Ke hōʻike nei kēia haʻawina i nā hōʻailona o ka hana puʻuwai, neʻe ʻana i ka puʻuwai a me ka hoʻokō ʻana, hoʻonaninani ʻia ke ʻano ventertular hema, a me ka hele ʻana o nā moʻo post-infarction.

Pono pū kekahi ʻo Echocardiography (EchoCG) a me ka bisikeka ergometry (me ke hoʻohana ʻana i kēia ʻano hana diagnostic, hiki ke kuhikuhi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka myocardial dysfunction).

ʻO nā ala hou no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka cardiosclerosis i loaʻa:

1. rhythmocardiography - no ke aʻo ʻana o nā cardiocycles;
2. polycardiography - e nānā i ka hana kontrakile;
3. ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ka ECG lōʻihi, ka mea e hōʻike ana i nā hana a nā puʻuwai no 24 mau hola;
4. e hoʻoneʻeneʻe - e hoʻoholo i ka wahi a me kekahū o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻili o ka coronary;
5. ventriculography - e nānā i ka hana pili i nā maʻi o nā mahele wai;
6. nā hōʻike hoʻokolohua;
7. MRI Kuhi;
8. ʻOi ka pehu o ka puʻuwai a me ka ʻōpū;

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka pākuʻi sternal.

ʻO ka loaʻaʻana o ka cardiosclerosis atherosclerotic

ʻO nā loli Cardiosclerotic he hana hoʻololi ʻole, no laila e mālama nui ʻia. ʻO ka stenosis artery coronary o mua a me ke kīpē kolamu e hoʻopau ʻia, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki e hiki ke pani i ka holomua o ka maʻi.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ke kāohi ʻia nei ka mālama ʻana i myocardiosclerosis e hakakā i nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau, ke kāpae nei i ke kaʻina o ka atherosclerotic, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā mea pōʻino e like me ka uahi ʻana, momona nui, a me ka maʻi maʻi.

ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ka maʻi ka hopena me nā ala lapaʻau a me nā hana hoʻi.

Nui nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hakakā nei i ka hōʻailona o ka sclerosis naʻau. Hiki ke kauka ke kauka i nā lāʻau i lalo i ka mea maʻi:

• nā lāʻau nitro - no ka vasodilatation, hoʻonui i ka pilina myocardial a me ka microcirculation;
• glycosides cardiac - e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka puʻuwai naʻau, kahe o ke koko, ke koko a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kahe o ke koko;
• antagonis kaleta - e hōʻemi i ka nui o nā paʻi a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā ʻāpana;
• ʻO nā vasodilator - e hoʻoikaika a hoʻonui i ka elasticity o nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko;
• nā mea hoʻonaninani o nā kalima kalaka - e hoʻonui i ka elasticity a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā ʻatikala, hōʻemi i ke koko;
• Nā beta-blockers - e hōʻemi i ka ikaika a me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, hoʻonui i ka ritika naʻau a hoʻonui i ka wā hoʻomaha;
• statins - e hoʻoliʻomo i nā metabolid lipid, hōʻemi i ka kolamu LDL a pale i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā palaka kolesterol;
• nā hui antithrombotic - no ka pale ʻana o ka pīpī platelet a me nā māka koko;
• nā cytoprotectors a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana metabolism - e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā kaʻina metabolic, hoʻihoʻi i ka hana cardiomyocyte a me ka ʻoihana myocardial.

I nā hihia ʻaʻole i lawe mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hopena e makemake ai, e hana ʻia ka hana.

Nui nā ʻano hana e pili ana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka pololi kalapona o ka puʻuwai: coronary artery bypass grafting, e hoʻopau ana i ke kahe koko i ka puʻuwai; ka hana ʻana, ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka stenosis vascular a me ka hoʻāla ʻana i ka kahe koko; pani kūlohelohe o nā kīʻaha koko, e pale ai i ka vasoconstriction.

Hoʻopili ia, hana ʻia ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka aneurysm aortic, hoʻoneʻe loa kēia hōʻokoʻa i nā pale i ka kaʻe o ke koko.

Pehea e pale aku ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi?

ʻO nā kaʻina e pale ai i nā maʻi me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka paona kino a me ka meaʻai, hāʻawi i nā ʻano maikaʻi ʻole a pāʻani i nā haʻuki.

ʻO kahi ala kūpono i ka mālama ʻana a me ka pale ʻana e hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular a pale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi.

Hāʻawi ʻia kahi hana kūikawā i ka ʻai, no ka mea pili ka huna a ka atherosclerotic me ka mololi lipid impaired. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka meaʻai kūikawā no ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā intake o ka cholesterol.

ʻO nā ʻōlelo ʻōlelo no ka hahai ʻana i kahi meaʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no cardiosclerosis:

1. No ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka waiwai o nā huahana holoholona - ʻolika hua, offal (uka, ʻōpala), lard, margarine, pata, ʻīwī. ʻO kēia mau huahana e hoʻonui i ka kolestile e pono e haʻalele ʻia i hoʻokahi a no nā mea āpau.
2. Pono e hoʻonui pono i ka meaʻai me nā ʻano haʻahaʻa o nā iʻa, nā iʻa, nā huahana pāʻai me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā momona momona, nā mea kanu huaʻai a me nā huaʻai, a me nā meaʻai me nā haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe o nā kinapo maoli.
3. Hoʻemi i ka hoʻokomo mai i ka paʻakai i ka 5 grika i kēlā Ma kahi o ka mea, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka horseradish, ka ʻakaʻaka, ke kāleka. E kōkua kēia i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā wai kahe i ke kino.
4. Ke waiho ʻole mai i kahi kīkī meaʻai, kaena, nā meaʻai wikiwiki, nā huahana semi-hoʻopau, ka kī nui a me ka ʻili, ka kipa, ka pāʻai, ka meaʻai kīʻaha, ka iʻa, ka uala a me nā kīʻaha momona.
5. Pono e hoʻemi i ka komo ʻana o nā meaʻai i loaʻa ka nui o nā pākia. Hoʻopili kēia me ka mau keke, nā ʻōmole, ka momona, ka pōkole, ka hua waina, ka pasta, ka keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, ka wai momona carbonated.
6. Pono e hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā cereals like ʻole - oatmeal, buckwheat, millet, no ka mea He waiwai lākou i ka momona o ka meaʻai, he mea kōkua i ka hoʻohuihui ʻana a kaua i nā paona hou.
7. Lawe ʻia ka meaʻai i nā mahele liʻiliʻi ʻo 5-6 mau lā i ka lā. ʻO ka papaʻaina hope loa e liʻiliʻi ai ma kahi o 2 mau hola ma mua o kahi hoʻomaha o ka pō.

ʻO kekahi mea nui e pale i ke ʻano o nā pilikia cardiovascular ka hana kino. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēlā me kēia lā e hele i ka lewa wai no ka liʻiliʻi o 40 mau minuke. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻole i ka ʻoluʻolu leʻaila - ka hālau, ʻauʻau, a me nā mea aʻe.

Eia nō naʻe, me nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka nele o ka coronary, ʻona kai, ka hoʻoponopono inu ʻana, ka hoʻoikaika kino a me nā hana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā e hele ana i ka cardiologist.

ʻO ka cardiosclerosis e wehewehe ʻia i kahi wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.