ʻO ka atherosclerosis o nā moku o nā lalo lalo o kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi ia ka maʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā palaka kolesterol ma ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ke kaʻi o nā ʻalā e hāʻawi nei i nā wāwae o lalo.
Hoʻokumu nui ia i ka wā ʻelemakule (60-75 mau makahiki), a alakaʻi i kahi hiʻona o nā ʻōpala palepa trophic.
ʻO nā kumu o ka atherosclerosis o nā lalo haʻahaʻa
Ma ka intima o nā nāʻaila ma muli o ka lōʻihi o ka hypercholesterolemia a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hoʻokumu ʻia ana nā waihona o ka nui o ka atheromatous a me ka kikoo hoʻohui.
Mamuli o ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka pākela kolamu, kahi hala ʻole o ka patency o ka moku a me kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa hoʻi me ka palupalu trophic ma muli o ka ischemia e ulu.
Ma ka lōʻihi o ka wā, hoʻonui ʻia nā pākeke, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau nui.
I ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke anawaena o ka artere i loaʻa, ʻike ʻia nā huaʻōlelo i hōʻike ʻia i ka maʻi: stenosis, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū paʻa ʻana o ka lumen; ka wehe ʻana (hoʻopau i ke kiʻina koko), a i ʻole e hopu ana i ka atherosclerosis.
ʻO nā kumu nui o ka atherosclerosis o nā lalo haʻahaʻa:
- ʻO nā maʻi e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular (maʻi o ka naʻau coronary, hypertension).
- ʻO ka maʻi līlū i ka hyperlipidemia a me atherosclerosis (dyslipidemia familial), hyperfibrinemia, monocytosis, homocysteinemia.
- Aʻo maikaʻiʻole - inu nui a me ka uahi ʻana.
- Kuhi ʻia o ka meaʻai - ka ʻai ʻana i nā momona o nā holoholona a me nā momona, nā meaʻai momona i ka kolamu, ka haʻalele ʻana i nā meaʻai kanu.
- ʻO nā maʻi Endocrine, e like me ke ʻano maʻi diabetes mellitus type 2, hypothyroidism (ʻaʻole lawa i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā hormones thyroid), ʻoluʻolu metabolic, obesity, maʻi maʻi Hisenko-Cush. ʻO ke kaumaha a me ke kaupaona ʻana hana i ka nui o ka ukana ma luna o nā limu haʻahaʻa.
- Hoʻonui ka neʻe i ka hana kino i ka ulu ʻana o ke kaomi i loko o nā ʻōpū.
- ʻO ka hana kino kino - hoʻonāukiuki i ka hana hemodynamics a me ischemia kiko.
- ʻO nā kulekele manuʻa - nā varicose veins, maʻi maʻi macroangiopathy a microangiopathy.
- Ke kulekele o nā ʻōpū pelvic, ʻo ia ka thrombosis a me ka thromboembolism o nā veins o ka pelvis.
- ʻO nā hana hoʻonāukiuki a me ka ʻole o ka hana o ka estrogen ma muli o ka menopause ke alakaʻi nei i ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka cholesterol a me kāna mau haʻawina.
- ʻAi nā hōʻeha a me ka pōkī o ka hopena - alakaʻi i nā loli anatomical i ke ʻano o nā palupalu a me nā iwi.
- ʻO nā kūlana koʻikoʻi a me ka hypothermia.
Hiki i ke kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ke hoʻololi i ka pili o ka makahiki (i ka poʻe elemakule, ke emi nei ka elasticity o nā ʻōpū, a ʻo nā hōʻemi kolikole liʻiliʻi paha i hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia i ka puni koko).
Uaʻike pū ka kāne i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi.
ʻOi aku ka ulu ʻana o ka atherosclerosis i nā kāne, ʻoiai no ka wahine wahine ʻoi aku ka hopena palekana i nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko.
Ke ʻano o nā wahi i pili ʻia
ʻO ka hoʻokele ʻana o ka wahi i hoʻopili ʻia ma kahi ākea nui e pili ana i ka piʻi o ka maʻi o ka maʻi a me ka nui o ka hopena.
Hiki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi ma nā wahi o nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Wahi a ka ʻokoʻa, heʻokoʻa nā ʻano o nā patology.
ʻO kēia mau ʻano o atherosclerosis o nā lalo haʻahaʻa i hoʻokaʻawale:
- atherosclerosis o ka mahele aorto-iliac;
- ka nalowale o ka paena femoral-popliteal;
- pathology i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka popliteal-tibial māhele.
- komo wale i ka ʻāpana ʻāina;
- hana poino multilevel.
Eia nō hoʻi, ka nānā i ka neʻe o ka liʻima o ka lumen o ka moku, atherosclerosis o nā ʻiwi o ka ʻōpū o ke kaawale mahele ʻia i ka obliterating, me ka hana ʻana ma mua o 50% o ka lumen, ʻaʻole me ka hala ʻole, me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
Nā hōʻailona hiʻohiʻona a me nā ʻōpū o ka holomua
Hiki i ka maʻi ke hōʻike iā ia iho i nā hōʻailona like ʻole.
Hoʻomaopopo ka hōʻailona o nā maʻi i ka pae o ka holomua, ka pūnaewele a me ka nui o ka hōʻino o ka vascular.
ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi mua e luhi i nā wāwae i ka wā e hele ai, hōʻeha hōʻeha i nā uaua, hōʻoluʻolu o nā wāwae.
Hele i ke manawa, ua ulu aʻe nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe:
- ʻO ka paleʻana i ke anane a me ka hōʻeha o ka hōʻeha o ka ʻeha o nā wāwae a me nā wāwae, ko lākou uluʻana.
- ʻO nā maʻi ʻeha o ka plophic - pallor a i ʻole blueness o ka ʻili, ka ʻili, ka maloʻo, ka lau ʻana o ka lauoho, ka exfoliation a i ʻole ka hoʻohiolo ʻana o nā kui. Me ischemia koʻikoʻi a lōʻihi, ulia trophic a me nā gangrene e hoʻomohala.
- Hōʻemi ʻia ka maikaʻi ma waena o nā uaua nerve, kahi e hiki ai i nā wāwae ke hele, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pō.
- Hōʻike ʻia kahi maʻi hōʻeha - mai ka maʻi maʻalahi a hiki i ka hoʻomaha. E like me ke kānāwai, hoʻonui ka ʻeha i ka hele ʻana.
ʻO kahi hōʻailona pathognomonic no ka poʻe atherosclerosis obliterans o nā hopena haʻahaʻa loa e hoʻopiʻi intermittent.
Wahi a ka disfunction, ua hoʻokaʻawale ka nui o nā ʻōpū o ka pale kino, ka nui ka nui o ka hele ʻana me ka hōʻeha ʻole ʻana.
Ma ka papa mua, hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hele i ka ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi mau kilomita ka hoʻomau, loaʻa mai ka ʻeha me ka hoʻoikaika kino.
Hōʻike ʻia ka lua o ke ʻano he “A” ma ka hiʻohiʻona ʻana o ka ʻeha i ka wā e hele ana ma kahi mamao o 250 mika i hoʻokahi kilomika, ʻo ka lua ʻo “B” - mai 50 a 250 mika.
ʻO ke kolu o ke kolamu - ischemia koʻikoʻi - ka hōʻailona i ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka mamao o ka hele ʻole ʻeha ma mua o 50 m, ka hōʻike o nā hōʻailona hou, e hoʻomau ka ʻeha i ka hoʻomaha.
ʻO ka hā ʻehā e hoʻohui i nā hōʻailona o ke kolu a me nā maʻi trophic hou e kū mai, a hiki i gangrene o nā palena.
Nā ʻano hana diagnostic maʻamau
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi maʻi o ka maʻi ma ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka mea maʻi, ka ʻikepili i ka mōʻaukala olakino (i ka wā i ʻike mua ʻia ai nā hōʻailona, ko lākou ʻano, ka lōʻihi, ka wā pinepine o nā hanana, ʻo ka mea maʻi e hoʻopili i ka maʻi me nā mea ʻē aʻe - trauma, hypothermia), mōʻaukala ola (nā maʻi ma mua, nā ʻohana pili i ka hypertension, angina pectoris, ka loaʻaʻana o ka atherosclerosis o kahi).
Eia kekahi, no ka laʻana, he mea nui ka ʻike o kahi hoʻokolohua pilikino, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kūlana o ka ʻili a me nā ʻāpono, nā palekene palupalu a me nā ʻūhā o nā wāwae, ka pulua ʻana i nā moku ākea o ka wāwae a me ka wāwae. Hoʻohana lākou i nā hoʻokolohua diagnostic me kahi kaumaha, no ka laʻana mai: mai kahi kūlana ākea, pono ka mea maʻi e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i kona mau wāwae e 45 degere a hoʻopaʻa ʻia no kekahi manawa. Pro atherosclerosis hōʻike i ka hoʻomaka wikiwiki o ka momona, pallor o nā wāwae.
No nā hana diagnostika hou, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau maʻamau - ka helu koko maʻamau, ka nānā ʻana i ka urine aoao, ka ʻai toto (me ka haʻalele ʻana i ka angiopathy maʻi), biochemistry koko me ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka kolamu nui (maʻamau nā 5.5 mmol i pāleka), lipoproteins density haʻahaʻa (atherogen), lipoproteins ka palena kiʻekiʻe (anti-atherogenic hapa), nā noiʻi hormonal - nā pae o ka hormone thyroid, nā sex sex.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana - auscultation o nā arteri, ke ana ʻana i ka pali me ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka inde ankle-brachial, angiography, magneti resonance angiography, angiography compispitan compished, peripheral arteriography, duplex scanning (US) o nā ʻatikala.
Hoʻokumu ka mea maʻi i ka paʻakikī o ke kūlana, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka lesion, kona nui, ka nui o ka maʻi o ka maʻi, a me ke ʻano o ka loli ʻana o ka nohona, nā hopena lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka mālama ʻana.
Ke hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke ʻano ola me ka atherosclerosis o nā lalo haʻahaʻa
ʻO ka hana mua i ka mālama ʻana i ka atherosclerosis hoʻomaka koke ma hope o ka maʻi ʻana a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ke ala o ke ola.
Hoʻopili kēia i nā mea ʻai a i ke olakino paha, ka hōʻole ʻana i nā hana maikaʻi, nā hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana kino.
ʻO ka meaʻaiʻai a i ʻole ka therapeutic ka hana mua loa i ka mālamaʻana i ka aneane o nā maʻi cardiovascular āpau, ʻoiai ka nui o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka cholesterol i loko o ke koko a me ke koko e hilinaʻi ana i ka ʻai kanaka.
Hoʻomaopopo nā kauka i ke mālama ʻana i kahi meaʻai anti-atherogenic me ka ʻole o ka momona holoholona a me nā protein, nā meaʻai momona kolesterol - ka lard, nā pastes, nā hua moa, nā kīwī. Pono e hoʻōla nā kumu o ka momona i ka meaʻai - nā hua ʻai kūlohelohe (salads, kāpeti, zucchini, broccoli), nā huaʻai, nā cereals a me nā legumes (e like me nā punahele nā pakano a me nā ʻōmala o nā mea kanu), nā huaʻai (e like me nā kumuwaiwai o nā momona maikaʻi).
Ma muli o nā kumu waiū, nā moa (moa, moa, ʻua), nā iʻa (nā momona momona), a ʻāpono ʻia nā legumes. Pono e nānā i ke kaona inu - 30 a 50 milliliters o ka lana ʻole non-carbonated ʻona o ʻekahi pākela o ke kino paona, ka wai momona momona e pono e pau loa. Pono ʻoe e haʻalele piha i ka meaʻai wikiwiki, nā meaʻai kūpono, i ka aʻalolo, nā meaʻai maʻamau i loko, nā kīʻaha a me nā ʻōpala.
ʻO ka mea nui loa ʻo ka hōʻole ʻana o ka hana ʻino - hōʻemi i ka waiʻona, ka ulaula.
Hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ka hana pilikino i nā wā mua o ka maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka me kahi huakaʻi o kēlā me kēia lā o 30-60 mau minuke jogging, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana ma kahi keʻa kaʻa paʻa, ʻauʻau. Hoʻomaopopo ia e hoʻonui i ka ukana i ka wā, i ka wā o ke ʻano o nā maʻi, ka pae o ke kāohi o nā neʻe.
He mea koʻikoʻi hoʻi ka mālama wāwae no nā maʻi - hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kēlā me kēia lā, ka pedikyur kūpono, ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻeha a me nā mea hōʻeha ʻē aʻe me nā mea antiseptic.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau
ʻO ka hana hou e nānā ai ke hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā maʻi i hiki i ke kanaka. ʻO ka wikiwiki ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka maʻi, ʻo nā hōʻeha hou o ka atherosclerosis hiki iā ʻoe ke pale a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā wāwae.
ʻO nā lāʻau mua loa i ka mālama a me ka pale ʻana i ka atherosclerosis o kekahi hoʻokolohua i nā stins - Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, Rosuvastatin. Hoʻopilikia lākou i ka metabolism o ka cholesterol a me kona hoʻopaʻa ʻana e ka ʻānai, e hōʻemi ana i kona nui o ke koko. Pēlā hoʻi, e hōʻemi i ka nui o nā lipoproteins i loko o ke koko e hāʻawi ai i nā fibrates, ka waikū nicotinic, probucol.
E hoʻohana i nā mea hana antiplatelet - Aspirin, Cardiomagnyl, Magnikor, Thrombo-Ass, kēia mau lāʻau e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka nui atheromatous me nā hōʻiliʻili platelet i nā wahi i hoʻopau ʻia o ka endothelium. ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana o nā contraindications (peptic ulcer o ka ʻōpū a me ka ulia duodenal, maʻi koko, intolerance kanaka), ʻo ke ʻano o ka lilo ʻana o Aspirin he 75-10 milligrams i kēlā me kēia lā no ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopiʻi thrombotic.
I ka loaʻaʻana o nā hoʻopiʻi thrombotic ma kahi anamnesis a me nā maʻi e pili ana i ka maʻi koko me ka manaʻo i ka hypercoagulation, kuhikuhi ʻia e hoʻohana i nā anticoagulants - Warfarin, Heparin, Fraxiparin.
ʻO ka regimen mālama lāʻau e komo pū ana me nā lāʻau make vasodilator - antispasmodics No-spa, Drotaverin, Papaverine, vasoactive lāʻau ʻo Vazoprostan, Trental, Agapurin.
No ka hōʻemi i nā hōʻailona a hōʻemi i ka ʻeha, ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Pentoxifylline, Cilostazole; e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka trophism i nā ʻāpana palu e pili ana - Zincteral.
Hōʻike ʻia ka mālama kūloko no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻopiʻi hopohopo a me nā ʻōpala trophic; Oflokain, Levomekol, Delaskin hinu i hoʻohana ʻia.
Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ka nui o nā mea paʻakikī, ka mālama ʻana o ka physiotherapy - electrophoresis me novocaine a i ʻole Coverocaine, darsonvalization.
E mālama e mālama wale ʻaʻole i ka atherosclerosis, akā hui pū ʻia hoʻi nā maʻi (hypertension, angina pectoris, diabetes mellitus) a me nā hoʻopiʻi.
Nā ʻano loiloi
ʻO ke koho a me ke ʻano o ke ala o ka lapaʻau ʻana e lawe ʻia ana e ka kauka, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā helu he nui.
Pono ka hana lapaʻau ʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi o nā maʻi maʻi, ke kū'ē i ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole kūpaʻa iā ia.
Ka nui o ka wawaʻi o ke kaʻina hana i ke kumuhana o ka lesion, ka nui o ka komo ʻana o ka moku, ke komo ʻana i nā hōʻaiʻi trophic o ka ʻili a me nā ʻoliva palupalu, a me nā pilikia o ka atherosclerosis.
Aia kekahi ʻano hana:
- ʻO ka hana o Bypass kahi hōʻemi minimally invasive, ʻo kona ulu ʻana ka mea e hana i ke ala kahe koko ʻē aʻe e kahe ana i ka wahi i hoʻopili ʻia a hoʻihoʻi i ka trophism tissue ma kēia ala.
- ʻO ka hoʻokele ʻo ke kau ʻana o ka uha i hana ʻia me ka synthetic material i loko o ka lua o ka moku, e pale ana i ka lumen mai ka liʻiliʻi.
- Palapala angioplasty - ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka lumen o nā wahī me ke paluna.
- Endarteriectomy - ka wehe ʻana i ka lāʻau i hoʻopuni ʻia me nā waimā atheromatous, me nā mea hou aʻe i ka prosthetics.
- Autodermoplasty - kahi ʻano hana no ka ʻōpio trophic, i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻili i hoʻopili ʻia me ka ʻili o ka mea maʻi iā ia iho, i lawe ʻia mai nā pūnaewele ʻē aʻe.
- Me ka hoʻouluʻana o nā hoʻopiʻi, e like me ke gangrene, amputations o nā pūnaewele necrotic a me nā limu prosthetic e hoʻohana.
Pono ka pale ʻana o ka atherosclerosis i ka hoʻomau a hoʻomau, e komo pū ana me ke kaohi ʻana o ke koko, ke nānā ʻana i ka puna o ka lipid o ke koko, ke kūkākūkā nei i ka cardiologist a me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi inā pono.
Pehea e mālama ai i ka atherosclerosis o nā wāwae i wehewehe ʻia i ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.
