ʻO ka hōʻeha o ka maka ma ka maʻi diabetes mellitus: nā kumu, nā ʻenehana lapaʻau hou a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo o nā ophthalmologists

ʻO kahi maʻi Dielles mellitus he alia pōpilikia o ka ʻoihana endocrine, no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike iā ia iho me kahi mau hōʻailona.

ʻO nā kīʻaha a me nā kapilili e loaʻa ana i nā kino āpau o ke kino o ke kanaka: ka lolo, nā ʻōpū, ka naʻau, retina, e hōʻeha ʻia kēia maʻi.

I ka maʻi maʻamau, e pili ana nā pilikia o nā maka i ka hapa o nā mea maʻi, a ʻo ka ophthalmologist ke kauka mua i hopohopo i kahi maʻi ma kahi maʻi i hiki mai iā ia me nā hoʻopiʻi o ka ʻike maka.

No ke aha ke kaumaha nei nā maka i ka maʻi diabetes?

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka nānā ʻia o ka ʻike ma ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi e hōʻino ʻia e nā kīʻaha koko a me nā capillaries e loaʻa ana ma nā maka.

Aia kahi predisposition i ke ʻano o nā pilikia ʻike.

• haʻi maʻi
• nā kahe koko nui mau;
• i ka ulaula a me ka inu rama;
• nui loa;
• kidney pathology;
• hapai
• predisposition genetic.

ʻO ka ʻelemakule kekahi o nā mea i pilikia ai ka pilikia o nā maka ma kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi.

ʻO nā maʻi o ka maka

ʻOiai ke hōʻemi nui nei ka hana pale o ke kino i ka maʻi diabetes, ua loaʻa pinepine nā poʻe maʻi i nā maʻi maʻi o ke kino ʻike. Inā aniani ka maka me ka maʻi maʻi, a laila pili paha kēia i ka blepharitis, conjunctivitis, lehulehu bale. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ʻo Keratitis me ka ʻike ʻana o nā ʻīlī trophic a me ke ao ʻana o ka ʻūao.

ʻO nā maʻi ʻohi maka maʻamau no ka maʻi diabetes:

1. retinopathy. Me kēia maʻi, ua pā ka pā o ka maka o ka maka. ʻO ka hōʻeha o ka loʻi e hilinaʻi ana i ka lōʻihi o ka maʻi, ma ka heleʻana o nā maʻi concomitant: hypertension, ka maʻi maʻi o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, huakaʻi a me ka atherosclerosis. Hoʻopili ʻia nā kapili retinal, aʻo ka mea i hoʻonui ʻia no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ke kahe koko. I loko o nā paia o nā moku nā mea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia - nā microaneurysms, na mea i komo ka hapa wai o ke koko i ka retina. ʻO nā kumu āpau a pau ka edema o ka macular zone o ka retina. Hoʻopili ʻo Edema i nā ʻāpana photosensitive, a make lākou. Hoʻopiʻi ka poʻe maʻi i ka nalowale ʻana o kekahi mau wahi o ke kiʻi, ʻoiai e hōʻemi nui ana ka ʻike. Aia kahi hoʻololi ʻokoʻa i loko o ka waihona me ka mellitus maʻi diabetes - kūmaha nā moku a puka mai nā ʻōpū a me nā hemorrhages liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopili nā puka liʻiliʻi, a nui nā hemophthalmos. ʻO ka huli ʻana o ka maka ma muli o ka pololi o ka oxygen a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā capillaries i hoʻololi ʻia a peʻule. E pau loa nā ʻike;
2. glaucoma kūmole neovascular. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi intraocular i ukali ʻia me ka ʻeha a hāʻule koke i ka hihiʻo. Hoʻoulu kēia ʻiʻo o ka maka ma ka maʻi diabetes ma muli o ka ulu nui ʻana o nā moku koko i loko o ka pihi a me ke kihi o ka keʻena anterior o ka maka, a laila hoʻokaʻawale ʻia hoʻi ke kahe o ka wai o intraocular. ʻO ka Glaucoma a me nā maʻi maʻi ʻo ia ka maʻi e hele pinepine ana ma ka ʻaoʻao. Hoʻolaha ka Glaucoma i ka maʻi diabetes i nā manawa he pinepine ma mua o ka poʻe olakino;
3. cataract. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻike ʻia kēia maʻi maʻi e ka hōʻino ʻana i ke kaʻina metabolic i loko o nā kinipona kūlohelohe o ka maka mai i ka maʻi maʻi ʻole compcompensated. Hoʻopuka wikiwiki ka postcapsular cataract a alakaʻi i ka hoʻoemi ʻike. ʻO ka maʻi, kahi i lilo ai ka lohi i loko o ka nucleus i ke kuapo ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, e hōʻike ʻia e kahi nui kiʻekiʻe. I kēia hihia, paʻakikī nā papahele e wāwahi i ka wā o ka lawe conservative.

Naʻi hoʻolika

Inā hōʻike ka mea maʻi i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻona, pono ʻo ia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia e ka poʻe ophthalmologist i mea e ʻike ai i nā loli pathological hiki i ka hana o nā mea o nā hiʻohiʻona.

P studyʻ study kahi haʻawina maʻamau e pili ana i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke akamai o ka ʻike a me nā palena o kona mau mahina, e ana ana i ka paipai intraocular.

Hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka nānā me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kukui slit a me kahi ophthalmoscope. ʻEkolu a me ka hoʻopio hoʻonaninani o Goldman i hiki ke nānā i ka palena waena wale nō, akā i nā ʻāpana o ke kuʻina o ka retina. Kūkulu ka mau cataract i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i nā loli i ka waihona kālā me ka maʻi diabetes. I kēia hihia, pono ka nānā ʻana i kahi maʻi ultrasound o ke kino.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa

No laila, pehea kāu e hoʻihoʻi ai i kou hihiʻo? Hiki iaʻu ke hana i nā ʻāpana o ka maka no ka maʻi diabetes?

Hoʻomaka ka mālama ʻana i nā pilikia o nā maka i ka maʻi diabetes me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana kaohi i ke kino o ka mea maʻi.

E koho ka endocrinologist i nā lāʻau lapaʻau haʻahaʻa i ke kō, a inā pono, e kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau insulin.

E kauka ke kauka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kuhikuhi ana i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kolamu o ke koko, nā lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i kahi pae maʻamau o ke kaʻe o ke koko, nā mea kanu vasodilator a me nā waiora. ʻO ka mea nui i ka kūleʻa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mea maʻi, ke hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai. Pono ka mea maʻi e loaʻa i kahi hana kino pono kūpono no kona kūlana olakino.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā haʻuki no ka neovascular glaucoma ma kahi o ke kaomi intraocular. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā mea noiʻi no ka hana ʻana i nā ala hou no ka kahe o ka wai o intraocular. Hoʻohana ʻia ka coerulation Laser e hoʻopau i nā moku i kūkulu ʻia.

Hakiʻi kā Cataract

Hoʻonālikelike ʻia nā Cataracts e ka hoʻokō. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi leʻaleʻa kūlohelohe i kahi o ke ao ʻā.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka retinopathy i ka hana mua me ka coagulation laser o ka retina. Ke lawe nei kahi kaʻina me ka pahuhopu e hōʻino ʻia ai nā moku i hoʻololi ʻia. Hiki i ka hōʻike laser ke pani i ka ulu o ka pili hoʻohui a hoʻopaʻa i ka hāʻule o ka hihio. ʻO ka holomua o ka papa maʻi ka manawa e pono ai ka hana ʻana.

Ke hoʻohana nei i ka vitrectomy, ua hana ʻia nā punctures liʻiliʻi ma ka pōkole a hoʻoneʻe ʻia ke kino vitreous me ke koko, nā ʻili e huki i ka retina o ka maka, a ua humā nā kīpē me ka lehi. Hoʻowā ʻia kahi hoʻonā e hoʻomaʻalolo i ka retina i ka maka. Ma hope oʻelua mau pule, e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka hoʻonā ʻana mai ke kino, a ma kahi o ia, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka paʻakai a i ʻole silicone i loko o ka lua vitreous. E wehe i ka wai inā pono.

Kāohi

ʻO ka maʻi diabetes mellitus he maʻi paʻakikī, holomua ka holomua. Inā ʻaʻole hoʻomaka ʻia ka mālama kūpono i ka manawa, e hoʻohuli ʻia nā hopena no ke kino.

No ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi i ka wā mua, pono ia e lawe i kahi lāʻau hoʻoliʻi maʻa o hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki. Inā he hopena o ka endocrinologist, e ʻike ʻia nā maʻi ophthalmologist i hoʻokahi makahiki i hoʻokahi makahiki.

Inā hōʻike kekahi kauka i ka ʻokiʻoki i ka retinalment i ka mellitus o ka maʻi mellitus, kahi hōʻola kumuhana o nā maka i ka maʻi diabetes mellitus a me nā loli hou, pono e mālama ʻia ka mālama maʻamau ʻana i ʻelua ma kahi o ʻelua.

ʻO nā poʻe akamai i ka nānā?

I ka hoʻohui i ka endocrinologist a me ka ophthalmologist, pono i ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi e nīnau aku i kahi kauka ENT, kauka, lapaʻau, dentist, a me ka mea hana maʻamau e hoʻomaopopo i ka foci o ka maʻi maʻamau.

Q&A

ʻO nā pane a nā poʻe loea i nā nīnau kaulana loa o nā maʻi:

1. Pehea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka macular edema? Pane: ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe i ka ʻike maka ʻana, ma nā maʻi me nā edema macular, pōkā a heʻuʻuku paha ka puka ma mua o nā maka, ke hiwahiwa ʻia nā mea i ʻike ʻia. Holo pākuʻi ka lesion i nā maka ʻelua. I kēia hihia, hiki ke loaʻa ka bilateral o ka ʻike kikowaena;
2. Hiki i ka maʻi maʻi ke pili i nā ʻiʻo oculomotor? Pane: ʻAe, maʻa mellitus (ma ka hui pū me ka maʻi hypertension a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi thyroid) hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā hana o nā ʻūhā maka a me nā ʻāpana o ka lolo e mālama ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka maka;
3. He aha ka pilina ma waena o ka retinopathy a me ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi? Pane: ʻO ka pilina ma waena o ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi a me ka loaʻa o ka retinopathy loaʻa. I nā poʻe maʻi maʻi e pili ana i ka insulin, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka maʻi i ka wā o ka maʻi. 20 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kaʻe ʻana o ka maʻi, kokoke ka poʻe maʻi āpau e loaʻa iā retinopathy. I kahi hapakolu o nā maʻi maʻi kūʻokoʻa o ka insulin, ʻike pinepine ka retinopathy i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ka maʻi maʻi maʻi. ʻElua mau hapakolu o nā mea maʻi ma hope o 20 mau makahiki e ʻeha ʻia i ka ʻike maka ʻana.
4. Me ka aha maʻamau e ʻike ʻia ai e kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi e ka optometrist? Pane: Pono nā mea maʻi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa pale aku me ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi ma ka makahiki. No ka retinopathy non-proliferative, pono ʻoe e kipa aku i ka ophthalmologist i kēlā me kēia mahina ʻeono, no ka preproliferative retinopathy ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka laser - i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā mau mahina 4, a no ka retinopathy proliferative - hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me ʻekolu mahina. ʻO ka hele ʻana o ka edema macular e koi ana i ka nānā ʻana e kahi optometrist i kēlā me kēia mahina ʻekolu. ʻO kēlā mau maʻi e loaʻa mau i ke kō koko nui a me nā mea i loaʻa i ka hypertension e ʻike i ke kauka i kēlā me kēia mau mahina. Ma mua o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka insulin insulin, pono e kiʻi ʻia nā mea maʻi no ke kūkākūkā ophthalmologist. Ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana, e nānā pono nā wahine me ka maʻi maʻi i kēlā me kēia 3 mahina. Hiki ke nānā ʻia nā keiki maʻi maʻi i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki ʻelua.
5. He ʻeha paha ka mālama ʻana i ka laser? Pane: Me ka macular edema, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mālama laser ke hōʻeha i ka ʻeha, hiki i nā pilikia ke hōʻeha i nā kukui uila i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana.
6. Hana i nā hoʻopiʻi vitrectomy? Ala akula ka p? Pane: ʻO nā ʻōhua hiki ke loaʻa i ka hemorrhages i ka wā o ka hana, a ke pau nei kēia i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻike. Ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana, e pōloli paha ka retina.
7. Hiki paha ke hōʻeha i ka maka ma hope o ka ʻoihana? Pane: ʻeha ma hope o ka hōʻemi ke ʻeke. Hoʻolaha wale ka maka o nā maka. Hoʻopau i ka pilikia me nā oki liʻiliʻi.

Nā wikiō pili

He aha ka mea maʻi retinopathy maʻi a he aha ia e pōʻino ai? Nā pane i loko o ke wikiō:

Hoʻopilikia ka Diabetes i ke kūlana o nā moku koko o nā kino āpau, e komo pū ana me ka eyeball. Ua luku ʻia nā moku, a me ko lākou mau hakahaka o ka hoʻonui ʻia e ka fragility. I loko o kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, e lilo ka uhi i ka moana a lilo ka hiʻohiʻona kiʻi. ʻO nā mea maʻi e nalo i ko lākou mau maka ma muli o ke hikiʻana o cataracts, glaucoma a me retinopathy diabetic. Inā hōʻeha kou mau maka i ka maʻi maʻi, e kiʻi koke ʻoe i kahi ophthalmologist. Hoʻohā like nā manaʻo o nā ophthalmologists: hoʻokō lākou i nā hana me ke kō koko koko inā maikaʻi ʻole ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hāʻawi i nā hopena. Me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa manawa kūpono, mahalo nui ʻia ka prognosis. He mea nui ia e hoʻomalu i ke kō koko a nānā i ke koko. He kūpono ke nānā ʻana i ka meaʻai, e ʻai ana i nā liʻiliʻi o nā pale kāohi a ma ka nānā ʻana i nā meaʻai me nā momona a me nā momona maikaʻi.