ʻO ka Cholesterol he mea koʻikoʻi a pono hoʻi e pono ai i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona. I kāna hana kūlohelohe, he alaka lipophilic, a no laila ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka kapa ʻana iā ia he kolamu.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka hapa nui o ia mea i ke kino, a he wahi liʻiliʻi wale nō e hele mai i ka meaʻai. Ma ka hapalua o ka nui o ka pae o ka kolamu ma ka ate, e pili ana i ka hapalua o ka hapa - i loko o ka pūpū liʻiliʻi me nā ʻāpana kūikawā - enterocytes.
Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi i loko o ka waiwai cortical o nā loko adrenal, i loko o ka ʻili a me nā kāne kāne a me nā kāne wahine.
He aha nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā hōʻino o ka cholesterol?
No kekahi kumu, ua lohe wale ka poʻe e pili ana i ka ʻaoʻao o ka cholesterol.
ʻIke ka poʻe a pau inā he kiʻekiʻe i ke kō, he maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo ka atherosclerosis.
ʻAe ,ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia, akā he nui nā waiwai maikaʻi o ka cholesterol.
ʻO kēia mau waiwai pono o ka cholesterol:
- ʻO kā Cholesterol he mea hoʻohui i ka pūnaehana cell;
- E hoʻoholo ana i nā ʻano biochemical o ke kō;
- ʻO Cholesterol ka waiwai mua, me ka ʻole o ka hiki ʻole ke kāpili ʻana i nā waikawa bile;
- Me ke komo pololei o ka cholesterol, e hoʻokau ʻia ana ke ʻano o nā kāne a me nā kāne sex sex (androgens a me estrogens, kēlā me kēia), ka mea e hoʻopili pili i ka hana reproduction kanaka.
ʻAʻole mamao loa ke koleka, a hiki ʻole i ke kino ke hana me ka ʻole. Akā heʻokoʻa like ʻole kēia punawai, no ka mea, aia i loko o kahi kūlana maloʻo loa ke ʻeke loa. Kūkulu, ʻōhū ka kolala ma ke ʻano i pili me nā lipoproteins.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano o ka lipoproteins - haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa a me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka mea pōʻino loa no ke kino o ke kanaka he lipoproteins o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka kolamu e pili pū ana me lākou ua kapa ʻia "maikaʻi", a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i kona kao e hoʻonāukiuki i ka lawe ʻana o nā palā atherosclerotic i loko o nā moku. Ma ka hoʻohālikelike piha, ʻike ʻia ka lipoproteins kiʻekiʻe e mālama pono ʻia, a pinepine ke kumu nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pae o ka kolamu e pili ana me lākou.
Inā kū ka nui o ka lipoprotein cholesterol haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e hoʻomaka ka hoʻopiʻi atherosclerotic e loli mālie i nā paia o nā moku. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manawa, hoʻonui lākou i ka nui a hoʻonui pinepine i ke kahe koko maʻamau.
ʻO ka palena o ke kahe koko maʻamau e hōʻike iā ia iho me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole: nā kuʻuna o ke kaina pectoris (kaomi ʻana i ka ʻeha ma hope o ka sternum), ka maʻi ʻula coronary, "syndrome intermittent claudication", heʻeha hemahema a me nā hana hana i loko.
He aha ka mea esterification cholesterol?
ʻO ka esterification Cholesterol ka hopena o ka pūpū o ka cholesterol me nā momona momona. Ua lawe ʻia ia a ʻaʻole ʻike mai ka cholesterol ma ka palena ma waena o ka lipid a me ka wai. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hopena ma loko o ka pūpuna a ma waho, a ke manaʻo nei e hoʻoneʻe i ka ʻolua a hoʻohuli paha iā ia i loko o kahi ʻano ikaika.
I loko o kēia hoʻololi, hoʻohui ka lecithin me ka kolamu, ka hopena o ka hoʻokumuʻana o ka lysolecin a me ka cholesterol. Hoʻomili ʻia ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa e kahi kaomi i kapa ʻia LHAT (lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase).
ʻO ka hana o kēia enzyme e hilinaʻi pololei ana i ka manaʻo o nā lipoproteins density kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻoulu i ka lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase protein transporter, a i ʻole apo-protein A1.
Ma muli o ka esterification, ka hopena ester e komo i ka lipoprotein kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe. Ma muli o kēia, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka koloka o ka koloka ma waho o ka lipoprotein complex, a ua mākaukau kona helehelena no nā hopena hou o ka cholesterol.
Ma o ka hopena esterification, “lipoproteins” maikaʻi loa e kōkua i nā membrane cell ʻole mai ka cholesterol free, ʻo ia ke kumu he waiwai nui lākou.
Mai ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā biochemistry, ʻo nā mea momona momona e like me linoleic, palmitic a me stearic e pili pinepine i ka hopena.
Nā kumu kumu kūpono o ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, piʻi pinepine nā pae kolikoli i ka palena ʻole.
Aia nā kumu he nui no kēia.
I nā mea maʻamau o kēia:
- hoʻoilina (genetic) predisposition i ke kolamu nui;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- ʻoi loa ke kau o ke kaumaha;
- ka mālama ʻole ʻana i ka meaʻai - ke aloha nui i ka meaʻai wikiwiki, momona, pākī, ʻū a me nā meaʻai paʻakai;
- ke hele ʻana o kahi maʻi maʻi pancreatic i kapa ʻia he maʻi mellitus, kahi e hiki ʻole ai ka hopena o ke ala maʻi vascular;
- ʻoi aku ka nui o ka kolamu ma nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine;
- ʻoi aku ka nui o ka heleʻana o ka pathology ma mua o 40 makahiki;
- ke uahi pinepine a luhi;
- inu hewa;
- pinepine ke kaumaha a me ke kaumaha;
- hōʻole i ka hana kino kino;
- nā maʻi o ka ate a me nā kelepa thyroid.
Inā he mea e pili ana i ka waiho ʻia o nā kolika kolala ma nā moku, pono e hoʻomaka koke ka mālama ʻana. ʻO ka hana mua, ʻo ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau anticholesterolemic.
Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau mai ka pūʻulu o nā statins, fibrates, anion-exchange sequestrants a me nā lāʻau paha me nā mea kiʻekiʻe o ka waikika nikotinic. He mea koʻikoʻi pū nō hoʻi e hahai i kahi ʻai.
Pono e hoʻokaʻawale i ka momona, nāʻa a i kalapa, nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i nā momona holoholona. Ma kahi o ka mea, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e ʻai i nā pōpoki, iʻa, nā ʻiʻo ʻai, ka meli, nā līlū, nā mea ʻai meaʻai, kāloti, Kālepula ʻulaʻula, nā mea kanu mua a me nā hua.
Aʻi aʻe, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻamau a hoʻāʻo e hoʻolilo i ka paona, inā paha. A ʻoiaʻiʻo, pono ia e kau i nā ʻano hoʻohilahila a me ke ʻano, e pili ana i nā manaʻo ʻana o ke kauka hele a mālama i kou olakino.
Hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻikepili kolamu pilikino i ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.
