ʻO ka pae o ka glucose i loko o ke koko kekahi o nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻomau o ka nohona kūloko, hōʻike ana ia i ka pololei o nā kaʻina metabola, a aneane ua pau ka pae endocrine a me ka lolo i ka mālama ʻia.
Hiki ke loaʻa ka emi ʻana o ke kaʻe o ke koko ma muli o ka hormone hoʻokahi - ka insulin. ʻO ka maʻamau, hōʻike ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi ma ka helu, a me ka pane ʻana i kahi pāʻina, ʻo kāna hoʻokuʻu mua e hiki ai i ka glucose ke komo i loko o nā ʻāpana a hana i nā hopena no ka ikehu. ʻO nā huaʻoniʻoni o nā kelepa adrenal, nā gland thyroid a me ka glucagon mai nā selela alpha pancreatic i hoʻonui i ka glycemia.
Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike ʻana i ka glycemia i nā kānaka a pau no ka pākeke a me nā makahiki ʻelemakule ma kahi o 1 mau makahiki i ka makahiki, a inā pilikia ke kanaka no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes, a laila pinepine pinepine. Pono nā nānā o ke kō koko i nā wā i ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona e hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ʻo nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi maʻi.
Pehea e hoʻoponopono ʻia ai ka glucose koko.
Hoʻomaʻaʻa ʻia nā ea no nā ʻōpū o ke kino ma ke ʻano he mea ikehu. Hoʻokomo ʻia kona komo i loko o ke kino i ka nui o ka ʻai e loaʻa ai nā kīleʻa.
I ka manawa like, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ke koko e ke kumu - mai nā kaona māmā maʻalahi e hoʻomaka ia i loko o ka ana o ka waha, a ʻo nā mea paʻakikī hoʻi e wāwahi mua ʻia e ka enzyme amylase, a laila komo ka glucose mai o lākou e komo pū i ke koko.
A laila hoʻohana kekahi i nā ʻāpana o ka glucose no ka hoʻopuka ʻana o nā biochemical, a ua waiho ʻia ka hapanui o ka ate i loko o ka ate me ka glycogen e hoʻohana no ka nui o ke olakino a noʻonoʻo paha, ka nele o nā mea ʻai.
Eia nō hoʻi, ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka glycemia e nā ʻano hana.
- ʻO ke komo ʻana o nā kaona i hilinaʻi ʻia o ka inika (aū, nā ʻōpū a me nā kaila adipose) i loko o ka pūnaewele e loaʻa ai ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka insulin me kahi mea kūono kūikawā.
- ʻO ka haki ʻana o ka glycogen a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā molekula glucose hou i loko o ke akeʻa i hoʻoponopono ʻia e ka insulin.
- ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka insulin a me ka hoʻoliʻi ʻana o ka glucose i nā kiko e kū ai i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoponopono neuroendocrine: nā hypothalamus a me ka pituitary gland, a me nā pancreas a me nā kelepa adrenal.
Me ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka glucose i ke koko, hoʻonui ka hoʻokahe insulin. Hoʻopuka kēia me ka hoʻowalewale pololei ʻana e ka molekuleka o nā glucose i nā ʻāpana kūwaha o ka pancreas. ʻO ke ala ʻelua e hoʻopihapiha i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka insulin, ʻo ia ka hoʻolaʻa i nā mea kūlike i ka hypothalamus, ka mea i maʻa i nā pae glucose.
Kauoha aku ʻo Insulin i ka puʻuwai e synthesize i ka glycogen mai i ka hoʻoliʻi koko, a me nā ʻona e hoʻokū ai. ʻO ka hopena, ua ʻohi nā kō o ke koko. ʻO kahi antagonist insulin he lua o ka hormone pancreatic (glucagon). Inā hōʻemi ka nui o ka glucose, a laila komo ke kaona i ke kahe a hoʻōla i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā hale kūʻai o glycogen a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā glucose hou i loko o ka ate.
ʻO nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo mai ka medulla adrenal, kahi i loaʻa iā norepinephrine a me adrenaline, nā glucocorticoids mai ka cortex, i like nā hopena like me ka glucagon. Ke ulu nui nei ka hormone a me ka thyroxine (thyroid hormone) hiki ke hoʻonui i ka glycemia.
ʻO ia, ʻo nā holomua a pau i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka wā o ke kaumaha, hoʻonui i ka hana o ka hoʻopalike lela launa me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kō koko, a me kahi leo kiʻekiʻe o ka keʻena parasympathetic he mau ʻokoʻa (hoʻohaʻahaʻa).
No laila, ʻoi aku ka pō hohonu a me ke kakahiaka ma waena o ka mana o ka parasympathetic, ke kaomi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa.
Pūkahu koko
ʻO ke ala mua o ka noiʻi gula e hana ʻia ma hope o kahi hoʻomaha no 8 mau hola i loko o ka papaʻaina, ʻoiai ka wanaʻao. Ma mua o ke aʻo ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke inu i ka kofe, uahi, pāʻani hāmeʻa. Hiki i ka loiloi ke mālama ʻia i loko o kekahi mau ʻoihana a i ʻole kūʻokoʻa ʻole i ka home.
No ka hana i kēia, pono ʻoe e kūʻai i kahi kelepona paʻa - he glucometer. ʻO kahi mea hoʻohālike me kahi set o nā scarifiers no ka hoʻopiʻi manamana lima a me nā kaha hōʻike. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, pono ʻoe e pā i ka uluna o ke apo aiʻole ka manamana lima waena. Ua holoi mua ʻia nā lima i ka wai wela me ka paila.
Ua maloʻo ʻia ka pūnaewele puncture i hiki ʻole i ka wai ke kaikai i ka hopena analike. Hoʻonā ʻia ka uluna liʻiliʻi me ka lancet ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka manamana lima ma o 2-3 mm, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia ka hāʻule mua o ke koko, a ua hoʻohana ʻia ka lua i ke kumu o ka hoʻāʻo. Pono ke pīpī ʻana i ka manamana lima i ʻole e komo ai ka lolo i ke koko.
Kuhi ʻia nā hopena o kahi hoʻokolohua o ke koko e like me ia mau koi:
- ʻO ka palena haʻahaʻa o ka maʻamau ka 3.3 mmol / L.
- I loko o ke kō koko, mai 5.1 a 5.5 mmol / L ʻo ia ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻila.
- ʻO ka hoʻokahe koko 5.6-6.1 mmol / l - ka palena palena o ka palena, prediabetes, hoʻemi i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa glucose.
- ʻO ka pīpī momona ma mua o 6.7 mmol / L - maʻi kanesa.
Inā he kānalua i ka hopena o ka maʻi, a me nā palena palena palena, ʻo ka hele ʻana o nā hōʻailona e hōʻike ana i ka maʻi mellitus, he hana hoʻokūkū glucose. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā mea maʻi me nā hōʻailona o ka atherosclerosis, ka maʻi hypertension, obesity, polyneuropathy o kahi ʻike ʻole a me ka hoʻohana mau ʻana i nā lāʻau hormonal.
No ka mālama ʻana i kahi hoʻokolohua ma ʻekolu mau lā, pono ka mea maʻi i ka hana maʻamau, ʻae like me ke kauka i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, kāpae i ke kaumaha, ʻai nui, a inu i ka wai inu. ʻO ka noho inu ʻona, mau nō ia, akā ma mua o ke aʻo ʻana he hiki ke lōʻihi ma mua o 12-14 mau hola.
Hoʻopili ʻia ke ana ʻana i ka ʻōpū ʻole, a laila ma hope o 60 mau minuke a i ʻelua mau hola ma hope o ka lawe ʻana o 75 g o glucose. ʻO ka helu e hoʻoili ai ke kino i ka glucose. Manaʻo nā hōʻailona maʻamau i ka hoʻonui ʻana i 7.7 mmol / l. Inā ma hope o 2 mau manawa, ʻoi aku ka piʻi ʻana o ka glycemia ma luna o 11.1, a laila he mea kēia e hōʻoia nei i ka makemake o ka maʻi maʻi.
ʻImi ʻia nā hōʻailona ma waena o kēia mau waiwai i kahi papa latent o ka maʻi mellitus, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i nā hāmeʻe. I kēlā mau hihia, ua kauoha ʻia kahi papaʻaina e hoʻomaha ai i nā mau kao māmā a me nā momona holoholona a me ka hoʻohana ʻana a prophylactic i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea pono ke hoʻemi i ka momona o ke kino i ka wā o ka momona.
ʻO ke kumukūʻai kōʻai koko i ke wā kamaliʻi
I loko o ke koko o nā kamaliʻi, ʻo ka hōʻemi o ka hilo i ka physiological. Hōʻike maopopo ʻia kēia i ka hihia o kahi keiki i hānau mua ma mua.
ʻO nā waiwai maʻamau no nā pēpē mai 2.75 a 4.35 mmol / L, ke kō koko koko i loko o kahi keiki o ke kula mua a hiki i 5 mmol / L e pili ana i ka palena palena kiʻekiʻe o ke ʻano, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e iho ma lalo o 3.3 mmol / L.
No nā kamaliʻi kula, ʻo nā palena like nā pākeke e lawe ʻia ka ʻano maʻamau. Inā i nā keiki e hookeai ana i ke kō koko koko o 6.2 mmol / L ke ʻike ʻia, a laila kapa ʻia kēia ma ka hyperglycemia, nā helu glucose i lalo o 2,5 mmol / L - hypoglycemia.
Hōʻike ʻia kahi hōʻike me kahi ukana glucose i ka wā e ʻike ai ke keiki i kahi hōʻailona o 5.5 - 6.1 mmol / L. Hāʻawi ʻia ka Glucose i nā keiki i kēlā me kēia kilokino o ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino ma ka nui o ka 1,75 g / kg.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes me kahi ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū ʻole o ka 5.5 a ʻoi aʻe ke kiʻekiʻe, a ʻelua mau hola ma hope o 7.7 (nā waiwai āpau i mmol / l).
Inpela kalaiʻa metabolism i ka wā hāpai
Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kino o nā wahine i ka wā hāpai i lalo o ka mana o nā hormones e hana i nā ovaries a me nā pleso, a me ke cortex adrenal. Ke hana nei kēlā mau hormon āpau i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē i ka insulin. No laila, hāpai nā wahine hāpai i ka pale ʻana i ka insulin, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he physiological.
Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka pae o ka insulin e lanakila ai, a laila hoʻomohala ka wahine i ka maʻi maʻi gestational. Ma hope o ka hānau keiki ʻana, ua nalo nā ka maʻi o nā wahine hāpai a hoʻi hou nā hōʻailona. Akā e hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā mea maʻi i ka hui pilikia, a ma lalo o nā kūlana ʻino paha hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i ke ʻano ʻoiaʻiʻo maʻi type 2.
ʻAʻole maʻamau ka maʻi maʻi maʻi gestational me nā hōʻailona lapaʻau o ka hyperglycemia, akā no kahi keiki he pōpilikia kēia ʻano o ka makuahine. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke koko koko kiʻekiʻe, a laila hiki ke hānau ʻia ke pēpē me nā hana hoʻonui ulu. ʻO ka manawa weliweli loa no ka maʻi diabetes mai ka 4 a 8 mau malama o ka hōʻeha.
ʻO ka hui pilikia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mellitus maʻi diabetes:
- ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o ka hapai a me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana i kēia manawa.
- Pākuʻi ʻaʻai ʻoka 2 ma nā hoahānau pili kokoke.
- ʻAno hānai poʻi a make paha nā hamuna i nā wā hāpai mua.
- Nā ʻōmole o ka hoʻolālā ʻana a i ka wā hāpai nui nui.
- ʻŌnuʻi launaima.
ʻO nā hōʻailona no ka maʻi maʻi: ka wikiwiki o ka glycemia ma luna o 6.1 mmol / L, a ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka glucose (ʻoi aku ka hoʻoliʻi hoʻoliʻi glucose) ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma ka 7.8 mmol / L.
He aha nā ala e hoʻololi ai ke kō koko koko?
ʻAʻole pili paha nā loli i loko o ke koko me nā kūlana pathological. Kū pinepine ʻo Glycemia ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea momona maʻalahi. Hoʻonui ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kō kōʻai koko i ka hoʻoikaika kino, ʻoiai ke manawa nei ua pau nā hale kūʻai o ka glycogen ma nā kiko kiko.
ʻO nā Episodes o ka hyperglycemia e pili ana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā hormones stress e hele i ka ʻeha hōʻeha, i ka manawa koʻikoʻi o ka infococote myocardial, kuʻekuʻe epileptic, ʻā me ka wahi nui o ka pōʻino.
Ke emi nei ka pale ʻana i nā pale kālai me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka duodenum a i ʻole ʻōpū. ʻO kēia no ka mea, ʻaʻole i lohi ka meaʻai i loko o ka ʻōpū a komo koke i loko o nā ʻōpū, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ka glucose i ke kahe koko.
ʻO ka hoʻonui lōʻihi loa i ke kō koko koko, kahi e hōʻeha ai i nā kīʻaha koko a me nā koina o ka nerve, hele pū me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes. ʻO kēia ke kumu maʻamau o ka hyperglycemia. Hōʻeha ka maʻi genetic i ka type 1 diabetes mellitus, a me nā maʻi, nā koʻikoʻi, nā hana a me nā kūlana palekana ke lilo i kumu hoʻoweliweli.
ʻO ke ʻano maʻi maʻi lua he kumu hoʻoilina ma ke kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, akā ʻoi aku ka ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana no ia mea i ka wā ʻelemakule a ʻelemakule paha, me ka mea kaupaona ʻana, me nā pōpilikia concomitant, hypertension arterial, atherosclerosis.
ʻO nā maʻi e alakaʻi i ka hyperglycemia (koe wale nō i ka maʻi diabetes):
- Maʻi maʻi.
- ʻO ka pancreatitis, ka maʻi pālua o pancreatic.
- Hōʻalo i ka pancreas.
- Nā hōʻeha ʻeha Traumatic.
- Thyrotoxicosis.
- Nā maʻi Holaal: acromegalmia, Sēneana Hisenko-Cush, gigantism, pheochromocytoma.
Ke hoʻolōʻihi nei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau mai ka hui o nā lāʻau antihypertensive, diuretic a me psychotropic, contraceptives waha, glucocorticosteroids, lāʻau lapaʻau thyrotropic a me catecholamines hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka glucose.
ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa koko koko i loko o kahi keiki a makua ʻole ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi kahi pōʻino, ʻoiai ua hoʻemi ʻia ka mea ʻai o nā kuhi o nā lolo, hiki i ka hypoglycemic coma ke hopena i ka make. ʻO kēia hoʻonāukiuki ke kumu o ka maʻi mellitus maʻi 'ole kūpono inā he nui loa ka mea maʻi i ka dosis i ʻōlelo ʻia ai ka insulin a i ʻole ke kīwī i ka pāʻina, a hōʻino i ka wai ʻaka.
ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka insulin a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau hoʻohiolo gula i ka waiʻaʻai, aspirin, antibiotics, kekahi antidepressants, antihistamines hiki i kahi mea i makemakeʻole ʻia i ka glycemia. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka insulin i lalo o ka ʻili, akā, hoʻomohala ʻia e kahi hanana hypoglycemic intramuscularly.
ʻO nā alahele i hāʻule ai ke kō o ke koko: nā hepatic necrosis, hemo i ke komo ʻana o nā mea kanu i loko o nā ʻōpū (malabsorption), kahi maʻi Addison (hoʻemi i ka hana ʻana o ka wai ʻai adrenal), i hana i ka hana pituitary, ka pancreatic tumor.
Ke hana nei i kahi maʻi maʻi, pono e mālama i nā hemahema o kaʻai, ke kiʻekiʻe o ke olakino a me ke kaumaha, ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā pae o ka hormonal, ʻoi aku i nā wahine.
No laila, ʻaʻole ka hāʻawi i kahi helu hoʻokahi o ke kō o ka koko i ka ʻikepili piha e pili ana i ka mokuʻāina o ka hana metabolism. No ka hōʻoia i ka maʻi noʻonoʻo, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hōʻike piha: kahi hōʻike loiloi biochemical kiko, hoʻoholo i ka hemoglobin glycated, urinalysis, a, e like me nā hōʻike, kahi loiloi ultrasound.
He aha ka mea inā e kū mai ke kō koko? E wehewehe ʻia kēia e ka mea loea ma ka wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.
