ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes i nā kāne a me kāna pilikia

E haʻi pololei ma mua ʻoiai ʻo ka maʻi maʻi ʻana. ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka lapaʻau ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka glucose koko, i nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ka uku o ka maʻi diabetes. Inā mālama mau ke kanaka i ka glucose no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻaʻole hoʻomohala nā ʻōpiopio, a ʻo kekahi kekahi regres. Maikaʻi ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi diabetes, ʻaʻohe mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi, ʻaʻohe ola o ka ola ma nā kāne olakino. Ma muli o ke ʻano maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi, he mea pono ke pale. Hiki ke pale i ka maʻi maʻi me ke kōkua o nā hana maʻalahi e kūpono i ka manaʻo o ke ʻano olakino olakino.

Nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona o ke kōkō maʻi

ʻO ke kuʻuna o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi e hoʻonui ana mai kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka wā ʻōpio, ua nui aku nā maʻi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wāhine; ma o ka makahiki 55, ua like like ka nui o nā maʻi maʻi o nā kāne like. Wahi a nā heluʻepekema, ʻaʻole maopopo loa i kēlā me kēia o ke kolamu i ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes, ʻaʻole ia ke manaʻo i kekahi mau hōʻailona a hoʻomau i ke alakaʻi i kahi ʻano maʻamau, ma laila e hoʻohalahala ai i nā hopena o kēia ʻano.

Ke kamaʻilio nei e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes i nā kāne ma hope o 30, ʻo lākou ka mea maʻamau loa (ma mua o 90% o nā hihia) maʻi maʻi 2. I ka hapanui o nā makahiki mua ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi metabolic, ʻaʻole i haʻi ʻia kēia ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, hiki ke ʻike wale ʻia me ke kōkua o nā hoʻokolohua.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi a me nā hoʻohaʻahaʻa manaʻo e hana ia i ka wā ma mua

• Ka hana maʻamau o ke kō -95%
• Hoʻokuʻuina o ka pua thrombosis - 70%
• Hoʻopau i kahi puʻuwai ikaika -90%
• Hoʻopau i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko - 92%
• ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka ikehu i ka wā, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hiamoe i ka pō -97%

Pehea e hoʻomaka ai ka maʻi maʻi:

ʻAʻoleʻike pinepine kēia mau maʻi i ka manawa like, ʻike pinepine nā kāne i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau mea. Hōʻike ia i nā hōʻailona o ke kō o ke kō e pili ana i kekahi mau hebedoma wale nō ma ka papa mua o ka maʻi maʻi, ma hope o ka lilo ʻana o ke kino i nā kūlana hou, a pau nā manaʻo leʻaleʻa maikaʻi.

ʻO nā hōʻailona ma ka hope o ka maʻi diabetes i nā kāne ke hele mai ma hope o nā makahiki he nui o ke ola me ke kō:

1. Holoi ka ho'ōla ʻana o nā hōʻeha liʻiliʻi, ka helehelena o nā ʻoki i nā wāwae, ma ka ʻaoʻao inguinal a i ʻole axillary.
2. ʻO ka hoʻonui i ka nui o ka ʻōpū, ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi momona "lifebuoy" e pā ana i nā ʻaoʻao a ʻaoʻao i ke kua.
3. Itching i kāne ma ka glans penis, a puni ke anus, i loko o ka urethra.
4. ʻO ka ʻaʻai ma ka waha, ma nā kui, ma nā ʻāpana o ka ʻili, ma nā ʻōpū. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi i ka kāne he balanitis a balanoposthitis hoʻi. ʻO kā lākou māʻeha ka leʻalā, nāpaʻula keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula o ke poʻo o ka peni a / a me nā ʻulaʻu mua. Hoʻokumu ka ʻeha ʻana i ka ʻeha i ka wā o ka ʻāʻene a me ka wā o ka urination.
5. ʻO ka ʻili maloʻo, ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā wāwae, nā keiki a me nā lima. Ma hope mai, hoʻomaka ka ʻili ʻana o ka ʻili, a laila ʻike nā wahi ʻulaʻula i nā kahua o ka peeling.
6. Ke'ōwili nei i nā wāwae, mau lima. Hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi maʻi i loko o ke ʻano o nā haunaele i ka nānā ʻana o kekahi mau wahi ʻili, nā pōkoki pō i nā bipi keiki.
7. Hoʻemi ka hoʻonaninani ʻana i nā penis glans, nā pilikia me ka kūkulu.
8. Hōʻike Blurry. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka hopena maikaʻiʻole o ka maʻi maʻi ma ka retina - ʻike ke ke kanaka i kahi pua, nā māla hina hina hina i mua o kona mau maka.
9. ʻO ka acanthosis ʻeleʻele kekahi o nā hōʻailona o nā maʻa maʻi i waho o ka maʻi maʻi. ʻIke ʻia i ke ʻano o nā pōpoki pōkole i loko o nā laha o ka ʻili, maʻamau i loko o nā kū lima lima a i ʻole paha o ka ʻūhā.

ʻAʻole nānā kekahi mau kāne i nā hōʻailona a hiki i ka glucose ke piʻi i nā helu pilikia - 14 mmol / L a kiʻekiʻe aʻe. Me kēlā hyperglycemia kiʻekiʻe, ke hiki ʻole i ke kino ke kaohi i ka metabolism, a hele mai kona decompensation. Hoʻomaka nā kino Ketone e komo i ke kahe wai, e hele ai i ka huehue o ka acetone o ka urine, ea i ka ea, a i kekahi manawa ka ʻili. Inā ʻoe e hōʻole i kēia mau maʻi, hiki i ke ʻano ke kaumaha i loko o kekahi mau lā i kahi coma maʻi maʻi.

Hōʻike ʻia nā maʻi kalaiwa type 1 ke ʻano holo wikiwiki. Nā maʻi like o ka maʻi maʻamau i nā kāne ma ke ʻano like o ka maʻi 2, akā loaʻa lākou i kahi hola. Ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka Sugar, i kekahi mau lā ke hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hāʻule i loko o kahi coma. I nā kāne ma hope o ke kau 40, ke loaʻa pinepine nei ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes type 1. Inā kū koke a hōʻailona koke nā hōʻailona o ke kō o ke kō, ua maikaʻi ke nānā ʻana i kahi ʻano waena o ka maʻi ma waena o ka type 1 a me 2 - Lada-diabetes.

ʻO nā kumu nui o ka maʻi diabetes i nā kāne

ʻO Glucose ka mea nui o ka mea hoʻouka no ko mākou kino, ka nui o ia mea i loaʻa mai iā mākou mai ka meaʻai. Ma hope o ka ninini ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka uhai ʻana i nā kulu pākī, hōʻili ʻia ka glucose i ke kahe koko. No laila hiki iā ia ke hele hou aʻe i loko o nā ʻāpana, pono ke kino i ka insulin. Hana ʻia kēia hormone e ka pancreas e pane i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kōhi koko.

I ka hoʻomaka mua o ka maʻi diabetes i nā kāne, e piʻi pinepine ka pale ʻana o ka insulin. ʻO ke kumu o kēia ʻano, ʻo ia ka nui o ka kōpaʻa o ke kō i loko o ke koko mai nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe-carb. ʻO nā mea hoʻohana nui o ka glucose ka mea naʻau. A ma kahi haʻahaʻa o ka hana, ka liʻiliʻi loa nā koina, ʻo ia ka mea e pale aku i nā ʻāpana āpau i ke komo ʻana o nā gula pono ʻole i loko o lākou. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i kēia ma ke ʻano: i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka insulin, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka kū ʻana mai o ka insulin.

ʻO nā kumu e hoʻonui aʻe ai i ka hopena o ke ʻano 2 i nā kāne:

1. Kaʻai ʻai nui.
2. Nā ʻilima ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kanaka, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona kū ʻana i ka insulin.
3. Localization o nā momona kino. ʻO ka momona ʻeha koʻikoʻi o nā kāne ka ʻōpū. Nā hōʻailona: hōʻiliʻili ka momona ma waena o nā lālā, i hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻōpū nui. ʻO kahi hōʻailona o ka maʻi kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi diabetes he kiko o ka ʻōpū ma mua o 94 cm.
4. Kaʻai ʻole, ka hemahema o ka ʻōpū o ka iwi. Hoʻololi ʻia ka liʻiliʻi o ka glucose i ke ola, ʻoi mau ka mea i koe i loko o ke koko.
5. Nā mea pili ʻana. Hiki ke wānana i kahi predisposition no ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana o nā mea maʻi kalaka a hoʻokaʻawale i ke aʻo ʻana i ka mōʻaukala o nā hoahānau pili pili pono. ʻAʻole i hoʻoholo kēia kumu. ʻO ke kanaka ʻuhua ke hoʻohālike me ka maʻi ʻole o ka maʻi diabetes, ʻoiai inā ua loaʻa nā mākua ʻelua i kēia maʻi.
6. Makau. Ma hope o 50 makahiki, hele a maʻi ma ka maʻi diabetes i nā kāne 30% ma mua o ka wā ʻōpio. Ke hōʻike nei nā kauka no kēia mea no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka paona a me ke olakino maikaʻi ʻona. E ʻike i ka ʻatikala - nā kumukūʻai o ke koko ma waena o nā kāne ma hope o 50 makahiki.

Nā hana hoʻohālikelike

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes i ka hapanui o nā kāne. Loaʻa kēia ma ka 5 mau makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi. Ma ke kānāwai, ʻo ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana i kēia manawa o ka maʻi e hōʻike ana ma mua o kahi hoʻopiʻi hoʻokahi.

Pehea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka maʻi maʻi ma kahi mua:

1. ʻO ka ʻike maʻalahi loa he glucose koko; ua hana ʻia ka sampling mai kahi vein wale nō i ka ʻōpū ʻole. Ma kahi kanaka ola kino, ʻo ka hopena e pono ai ma mua o 5.9 mmol / l, me ka maʻi diabetes mellitus - ma luna o 7. Inā i hana ʻia ka hoʻokalakupua me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mika koko glucose home, glucose ma luna o 6.1 kahi hōʻailona hōʻailona. He haahaa ka helu o nā Glucometer, no laila, pono ka nānā ʻana o ka laboratori e hōʻoia i ka maʻi.
2. E kōkua ka hoʻāʻo ʻana he glucose i mea e hoʻonui i ka kūhā i ka insulin i ka wā o ka prediabetes. Kuhi ʻia ke koko i ʻelua mau manawa i loko o 2 mau hola, ma waena o nā hiʻohiʻona e hoʻopau ai i ka glucose. ʻO ka hopena o ka helu ʻelua ma luna o 7.8 ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka prediabetes, ma luna o 11.1 - e like me ka maʻi diabetes.

I ke waena a me ke ʻōpio, pono e hana i nā hōʻike i kēlā me kēia 3 mau makahiki, no nā kāne me ka maʻi kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi maʻi - i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Hoʻolālā i ka maʻi gula i nā pae like ʻole

He maʻalahi ka hoʻolālā pākēnē maʻi. Inā i ʻike ʻia ka maʻi i ka manawa mua, e nalowale i ke kō, ua lawa ia e nalo i ke kaumaha, e hoʻonui i ka hana (mai nā minuke 150 o ke aʻo ikaika i kēlā me kēia pule), kūkulu i ka hāhā, a me nā meaʻai haʻahaʻa-haʻahaʻa. No ka hōʻemi i ka pale ʻana i ka insulin, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka metformin (Siofor et al.). Hiki i ke kīnā ʻai ke hoʻopulapula i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka acarbose (Glucobay).

Inā ʻike ʻia ka maʻi diabetes ma ke kāne ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki, a laila ʻaʻole i lawa kaʻai, ka haʻuki a me ka metformin e uku ʻia no ka maʻi. I kēia manawa, hāʻule ka hana o ka insulin, no laila ua hoʻohuihui ʻia nā mea hoʻonā pancreatic: nā glibenclamide kūlohelohe (Maninil), glimepiride (Amaryl), vildagliptin hou (Galvus), sitagliptin (Januvia) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Inā pili ʻoe i kahi meaʻai haʻahaʻa-haʻahaʻa a lawe i nā mākau palupalu pancreatic, hiki i ka synthesis o ke kō i loko o ka maʻi diabetes he lōʻihi. ʻOi aku ka ʻoi o ka koko o ke koko ma mua o ke ʻano maʻamau, e holomua ka nui o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka pancreas.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka insulin i loko o ke kāne ke lawa ʻole i ka hoʻonaninani kalepa maʻamau, pono ia e hōʻiliʻī. I ka mua, ua lawa nā 1-2 inikua i kēlā me kēia lā. Inā ua kūʻokoʻa ka synthesis o ka insulin, e like me ka like me ka maʻi type 1 ka lā: mai 4 mau inikina i kēlā me kēia lā.

Nā hopena a me nā hopena

ʻO kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā maʻi maʻi (liʻiliʻi ma lalo o 5%), hoʻopiʻi nā hoʻopiʻi me ka mālama manawa kūpono. Ma kahi o 15% o nā kāne ua laki. Ua lohi lākou i ka holomua ʻana me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ke kō. I ka nui o ka nui, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻia o nā maʻi like ʻole e pili ana i ka ʻāpana o kāna uku.

Hoʻopilikia i ka maʻi maʻi no nā mea āpau, me ka ʻole o ka naʻau, nā kiko kino o ke kanaka. ʻO ke kumu o nā pathologies nā hana o ka glycation, a i kaʻohi kālā paha, i nā manawa he nui ke ikaika inā hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ke koko. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻopili mua ʻia nā moku e komo mua i ke kō. Ua nalowale nā ​​pā o lākou i ko lākou leo, lilo i mauwaha, oki e hoʻokō i kā lākou hana. Ua luku ʻia nā kapili liʻiliʻi, noho ka pūnaewele me ka ʻole o ke kahe koko. Kūpono ʻia nā hopena o ka hyperglycemia i nā kumulepapa e hiki ʻole ka hana ana me ka ʻole o kahi pūnaehana nui o nā moku: nā pēpē a me ka retina. ʻO ka hāʻule ʻana o nā moku nui e alakaʻi i ka hypertension hoʻomau, pinepine i ka nui o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka puʻuwai a me nā hōʻeha i nā kāne.

Hiki i ke glycation o hemoglobin me ke kō ka wai kiʻekiʻe he 20%, ma muli o ke ʻano e loaʻa ai nā ʻōpala i ka pololi oxygen hāoliu. Hoʻopilikiaʻia mai ka maʻi diabetes a me nā nalu. ʻO nā neuropathies o nā ʻano hanana like ʻole ke kumu o ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā puʻupuʻu, nā ʻōpū puʻuwai. Hoʻopilikia ka maʻi maʻi i ka potency o nā kāne. ʻO ke kahe koko i nā kino cavernous e lawa ʻole, ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana o nā aʻa genital ma muli o ka neuropathy. Hōʻino ka meaʻino i nā neʻe e hoʻōla i ka hana ʻole i ka sphincters e hana maʻamau, kū i ka ejaculation retrograde: ʻaʻole hele ka sperm i waho, akā hoʻokomo ʻia i ka ʻeke, kahi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūlohelohe ai ka pēpē.

Kāohi

ʻO ka wehe ʻana i nā mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻamau ke kumu nui no kona pale ʻana. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻemi ʻana o ka momona i ka maʻamau, ke hoʻemi ʻana i nā haʻaleka, ka hoʻoneʻe piha ʻana i nā kalapona maʻalahi (glucose, sucrose) mai ka meaʻai, hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi. ʻOiai ma ka wā o ka prediabetes, inā ua hala mua ka hilo ma mua o ka pākaukau, ʻo kēia mau hana pale e hoʻokau ʻia ma ka 75% o nā kāne.