I ke kino o ke kanaka, hoʻomau ʻia ka insulin ma luna o ka hoʻomau mau ʻana, no ka laʻana, e like me ke kahe o ke koko. I ka poʻe e hōʻeha nei i ka maʻi diabetes, hana ʻino kēia kaʻina a pono ke koi i kona hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻololi ai i kēia hormone. Kahi ʻia ka insulin 2018 hou no ka maikaʻi o ka hana a me ka palekana no ka maʻi maʻi maʻi.
Ma hope o ka ʻōlelo ʻana, piʻi koke ke kaʻe o ka insulin i ke koko, a laila emi liʻiliʻi, a laila e hoʻopilikia ʻia ka maikaʻi o ke kanaka, e hoʻoiho ai i kekahi pilikia. He mea paʻakikī paha ka mālama ʻana i kahi kūlana maʻamau o ke kino i ka pō, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻopuka ʻana aku i nā lāʻau lapaʻau koke koke ma mua o ka wā hiamoe ʻole e kōkua i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka emi nui o ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke kakahiaka i ka kakahiaka.
No kēia kumu, lawe mau ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻia o nā insulins hou, e ʻae ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka pae o ka glucose i ke koko ma ke ʻano mau i kēlā me kēia lā.
He aha ka insulin
ʻO kēia kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā kumu o ka protein, kahi i hoʻoili ʻia e nā polokalamu beta i loko o ka pancreas.
Hiki i ka insulin ke hoʻohuihui nā molekula i loko o nā pūpuna, no laila, loaʻa ka ʻokoʻa i ka ikehu e pono ai, a ʻaʻole i hōʻiliʻili ka glucose i ke koko. Eia kekahi, ʻo insulin i pili i ka hoʻololi o ka glucose i ka glycogen. ʻO kēia kinona ka mea nui o ka mālama kālā o ke kino.
Inā hana pono ka pancreas, a laila hoʻokuʻu ke kanaka i kahi insulin, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i kēlā nui o ka insulin i hana ʻia, pono e hana me nā momona, nā huapalapala a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Me nā pilikia kūlike o ka ulu ʻana o ka insulin, ua ʻano like me ka maʻi type 1 me ka hoʻopōʻino qualitative o kēia ʻano, ʻike ʻia ka maʻi type 2.
Ma ka maʻi mellitus o ka ʻano mua, aia ka wikiwiki o ka luku ʻana i nā hua beta, e alakaʻi ana i ka emi a pau, a laila i kahi pau piha o ka hana ʻana i ka insulin. I mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā momona e hele mai me ka meaʻai, pono ka insulin waho.
Hiki i ka insulin mea nui ke:
- lōʻihi
- pokole
- hana a ultrashort.
Ma ka maʻi mellitus o ka lua, ua hana ʻia ka insulin i nā helu kūpono, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻoi aku, akā naʻe ka hopena o kona hopena. ʻAʻole hiki ke hana i ka membrane cell e komo i loko o nā molekena glucose i loko.
I ka mea o ka maʻi maʻi type 2, hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e hoʻololi i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hana o ka insulin.
Tresiba
Hoʻokomo pū ka hui o nā insulins hou i ka waiwai deglaude, ʻo ia ka hana lōʻihi injectable insulin. Hoʻonui ʻia ka hopena a hiki i ke kanaha hola. Kuhi ʻia kēia ʻano insulin i ka mālama ʻia ʻana o nā ʻano maʻi type like type a me 2 i nā pākeke. Ua hōʻike mai nā hoʻokolila haukapila o nā poʻe 1102 i hana ka maikaʻi i ka lāʻau kūlohelohe no ka maʻi type 1.
ʻImi ʻia ka insulin Tresiba i nā hōʻike maʻi 6 i hōʻeha ʻia ai a ʻekolu mau mea hoʻopiʻi i komo. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Tresiba ma ke ʻano he hoʻopili i ka ʻoihana antidiabetic waha no ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi type 2.
ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia insulin ua hiki i kahi pae glycemic control like me ka hoʻokō me Lantus a me Levemir. E hoʻokele ʻia ʻo Tresiba ma kahi o nā manawa 1 i kēlā me kēia lā. Loaʻa ka lōʻihi lōʻihi o ka insulin i nā mana ʻelua:
- 100 mau ʻāpana / ml (U-100), me nā pahu 200 / ml (U-200),
- Peni insulin FlexTouch.
E like me kēlā me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, he hopena nā hopena o kēia insulin,
- nā maʻi kūlohelohe: anaphylaxis, urticaria,
- huahuʻi,
- hypersensitivity: nā kīwaha pinepine, hōʻeha o ka alelo, ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻōpū, hōʻemi i ka hana,
- injection lipodystrophy,
- nā kūloko o ke kūloko: ke kīkē, ka hematoma, ʻulaʻula, nā kala, ʻili.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā insulins hou 2018 ma lalo o nā kūlana e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua. Pono e pale ʻia ka insulin me ka hau a me ka wela loa.
Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i nā insulin hou, me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi maʻamau e hoʻohana mau nei i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka insulin. He mea kūpono ʻole ia i kaulana nui nā mea ulu ʻole ma nā ʻāina āpau.
Ke kuhikuhi ʻia nei ka insulin hou i nā kūlanakauhale nui o Rūsia. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hōʻemi ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka loaʻa ʻana o hypoglycemia. Inā pili kēia pilikia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ho'āʻo i kekahi o nā insulins hou.
Hōʻike nā haʻawina i kēlā me kēia kūlana, aia ka emi ʻana o ka mahele o ka hemoglobin glycated.
Ryzodeg
ʻO Ryzodeg 70/30 insulin me ka hoʻohui i ka insulin analog soluble: super long-acting basal insulin (degludec) a me ka hana wikiwiki prandial insulin (aspart). Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mākeke kūpono ma kahi noiʻi lāʻau lapaʻau me nā mea maʻi 362 i loaʻa iā Ryzodeg.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ma waena o nā mea i komo i ka maʻi mellitus type type 1 a me ke ʻano 2, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia insulin i ka emi ʻana o ka HbA, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hopena e like ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka insulin mua.
Nā hopena ʻokoʻa o kēia insulin:
- huahuʻi,
- nā hopena kūlohelohe
- mau hopena ma ka wahi inikua,
- huialohaʻi,
- huu
- pili
- ka māla ʻana
- loaʻa ka paona.
ʻAʻole pono nā Tresiba a me Ryzodeg e nā kānaka me ka ketoacitodosis.
Tujeo Solostar
Toujeo Insulin Toujeo he insulin basal hou i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā pākeke me nā maʻi type type 1 a me ke ʻano. Ua hana ʻia kēia hana e Sanofi.
Hoʻonohonoho ka ʻoihana i kekahi o nā insulin manuahi kaulana loa. Ua ʻae ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ʻAmelika. ʻO Toujeo kahi insulin basal a me kahi ʻaoʻao o ka hana ma mua o 35 mau hola. Hoʻohana ʻia ia 1 mau manawa i ka lā maʻi. Hoʻohālikelike ka hana a Tujeo i ka hana o ka lāʻau Lantus, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻolālā ʻana o Sanofi.
ʻO ka insulin o Tujeo i kekahi mau manawa e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka Glargin, ʻo ia ʻo 300 mau kumuwaiwai / ml. I ka wā ma mua, ʻaʻole kēia ka hihia i nā insulins ʻē aʻe.
Loaʻa nā ʻano insulin hou, me Tujeo, i hoʻokahi peni hoʻohana hoʻokahi wale nō e loaʻa ana he 450 mau pūʻulu o ka insulin a loaʻa he nui loa ka nui o 80 IU i kahi inikini. Ua hoʻoholo ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona ma ke kumu o nā haʻawina i hana ʻia me 6.5 tausani mau kānaka me ka maʻi type a me ka type 2.
ʻO kēia helu ke kumu o ka peni he 1,5 ml o ka insulin, a ʻo kēia ka hapalua o ka pahu kaʻa mua he 3 ml.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana i ka insulin Tujeo e hōʻike ana i ka mālama maikaʻi o ka kō koko o ke koko a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi ʻano pōʻino e like me ka hypoglycemia ma ka maʻi mellitus, ma ka pō, i ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 2.
ʻO ka loiloi pane pane ʻoluʻolu loa.
Basaglar
ʻO ka hui ʻo Lilly i kū i ka insulin Basaglar. ʻO kēia ka mea i loaʻa hou mai ma ka hana o ka ʻenehana hana lōʻihi.
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Basaglar e like me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ma ke ʻano o ka ʻikepili i ke ʻano me ka inika pupu ʻole a pōkole paha. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi ia no nā poʻe me ka maʻi maʻamau o 2. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Basaglar e like me monotherapy a me ka mea pono o ka lāʻau hypoglycemic.
Pono ke hoʻomehana ʻia ka Insulin i kēlā me kēia 24 hola. He wahi haʻahaʻa i kona hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau lōʻihi e pono ai i ʻelua mau pākēneka i hoʻokahi lā. ʻO Basaglar ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hopena o ka hypoglycemia.
Pono e hāʻawi i nā inikina i kēlā me kēia lā i ka manawa like. No laila, he maʻalahi ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā pilō i uhi ʻia. E kūʻai aku ʻia ka huahana i nā peni sringe wikiwiki loa-Pen, kahi mākaukau piha loa no ka hoʻohana ʻana.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kahi peni me ʻoe a hāʻawi i nā inikini i kēlā me kēia manawa, ma nā wahi āpau.
Lākusa
Ua hana pū ka hui ʻo French iā Sanofi iā Lantus a i Glargin. Lawa ka mea e komo i ka manawa 1 i 24 mau hola. Nui nā hana kūʻokoʻa i hana ʻia ma nā ʻāina ʻē. Ke koi nei lākou āpau i ka palekana o kēia insulin no nā maʻi maʻi me nā maʻi like ʻole a me nā maʻi 2.
ʻO kēia ʻano o ka hopena o ka insulin hou mai ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana ʻenehana genetic a kūʻokoʻa pū kekahi me nā hormones i hana ʻia e ke kino kanaka. ʻAʻole hoʻonāukiuki ka waiwai i ka pane a me ke koi ʻole.
Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā pākeke a me nā keiki. I kekahi mau pilikia koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi maʻi, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka lāʻau me ka ultrashort a me nā lā lāʻau pōkole e hoʻopili.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Lantus i ka UK, USA a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. I ka manawa like, ʻoi ka nui o ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes e makemake nui i nā insulins i kēia manawa. Ke hoʻololi nei i ka lawe ʻana i kēlā insulin, e hōʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka glycemia.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka insulin hou i ke ʻano o kahi hoʻonā wī i hoʻonaua ʻia me ka peni syringe. ʻAʻole pilikia ka pilikia o ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi ma ka lawelawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO kekahi hoʻohana hou o kēia hoʻolaha ʻo ka wehe ʻana ʻana o ka panakū.
Aia a hiki i kēia manawa ke hoʻokō ʻole nei ka lōʻihi o ka hana i ka maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi. Lantus e hoʻoponopono i ka insulin ma ke kino i ka lā holoʻokoʻa, akā hana ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i kona hopena ma hope o 12 mau hola.
ʻO ka hopena, i nā maʻi maʻi hyperglycemia e hoʻomaka i mau hola ma mua o ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike. Eia kekahi, hoʻonui ka hopena o ka hypoglycemia ma hope koke o ka hoʻonā ʻia ʻana.
ʻO Lantus ma hope o kahi kiʻekiʻe ʻole o ka waiho ʻana, ua kūpono ia no 24 hola. Ma mua o Lantus, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā insulins "superfast":
- Hōʻike Hou
- Humalog
- Apidra.
Holo koke ʻia kēia mau insulins, ma loko o 1-2 mau minuke. Hoʻokele ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ʻelua mau hola ʻelua. Ma hope o ke kauoha ʻana i ka insulin o kēia ʻano, pono ʻoe eʻai koke.
ʻO ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka inehu o Tresib.
