He aha ka maʻi diabetes polyneuropathy: nā puka, nā kumu, nā hōʻailona a me nā ala o ka mālama ʻana

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ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi pinepine loa ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes is neuropathy maʻi. Ua loaʻa ia ma 30-50% o nā maʻi.

Hiki i nā pilikia o ke ka mana autonomic a me somatic, nā mea hoʻonaninani a me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā nerve hiki ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i kona heleʻana.

He aha kēia

Ma o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hana maʻamau ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka neuropathy maʻi maʻi i kahi o ka ʻōpū o ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā keʻena o nā keʻena o ke autonomic nervous and peripheral system.

Ke kū nei lākou e like me ka hopena o ka metabolic i ka maʻi diabetes. Aia kekahi ʻano nui o ka neuropathy diabetic.

ʻO kēia maʻi kekahi o nā hoʻopiʻi loa a me nā helu pinepine o ka maʻi diabetes. Hōʻano ʻia e nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi impaired a me ka lawe ʻana o nā mea hoʻonani nerve, nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana somatic a me nā mea hou aku.

Ma ka mālama ʻana i ka neuropathy, huli lākou i nā ʻano punā manuahi: urologists, dermatologists, gastroenterologists, neuropathologists, endocrinologists.

Palani a me nā ʻano

ʻO ka neuropathy he peripheral a me ke autonomous.Ua helu ʻia ʻo Neuropathy penei:

  • e ka hoʻowali kino: axonal, neuropathic, demyelinating;
  • e ke ʻano o ka nerve nerve: sensory-motor, autonomic, ʻikepili, kāwili, hoʻomehana;
  • hilinaʻi ma ka wahi o ka hōʻino kino: ka uluʻana (hoʻowalewale ka nānā ʻana), ka ʻona (sensory lesion), ka mīkini (ka holo o ke kaʻa a me ka hana pono).

ʻO nā kumu hanana

ʻO ka mea nui i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka neuropathy maʻi hika e hoʻokiʻekiʻe nui i ka glucose koko, kahi hope e alakaʻi ai i kahi loli i ke hana a me ke ʻano o nā sela nerve.

Eia kekahi, ʻo nā kumu o ka neuropathy hiki ke:

  • makahiki ma luna o 60 makahiki;
  • ke koko kiʻekiʻe;
  • ʻōpiopio a ʻokoʻa paha;
  • ka lōʻihi o ke kauka;
  • ka hele ʻana mai o nā hana ʻino;
  • decompensation hana.

Hōʻailona

ʻO ka mea koʻikoʻi i ka pathogenesis o ka neuropathy nā maʻi metabolic a me ka microangiopathy (hoʻololi i ke ʻano a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā capillaries, ka mea no ke kaila o ka microcirculation i nā nerve nerve).

Hoʻololi nā hoʻololi i nā ʻōnaehana penei:

  • ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pae o myoinositis, i hele pū me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka synthesis o phosphoinositis, a ma muli o ka hopena i ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana o nā nerve impulse a me kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka kaohiʻana o ka ikehu;
  • hoʻonui hoʻonui koʻikoʻi;
  • hoʻōla e pili ana i ka polyol shunt (hoʻonaninani i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka fruktose fructose);
  • enzymatic a me non-enzymatic glycosylation o nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻonohonoho o ka nerve nerve - tubulin a me myelin;
  • ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻili uila autoimmune.

Nā Hoʻomaka

ʻO nā hōʻailona nui o ka neuropathy diabetes maʻi:

  • nā ʻōpū
  • nā hōʻailona neuropathic maikaʻi ʻole;
  • ke kuni ʻana;
  • electromyography;
  • paresthesia;
  • lāliʻi;
  • kahi emi a emi ʻole paha o ke kuli a me Achilles reflexes;
  • kūlike ʻole i ka manaʻo kūponoʻole;
  • ka haki ʻana no ka hele ʻana.
ʻO kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka neuropathy pilikino pū me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe.

Hoʻopilikia a me ka mālama ʻana

ʻO ka mea mua, no ke koho i ka neuropathy, ʻike mākēkē i nā ʻike maka o ka mea maʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi inikini e hoʻoholo ai i ka ʻeha.

Nā ʻano hāmeʻa Tactile e ka paʻi, ka monofilament pressure, wela a me ke anu. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā ʻōpiopio momona ma o ke kākā pena.

ʻAʻole inā he hōʻike o ka ʻāʻī o ka kuli. Hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hana i kēia mau hana a pau ma luna ona, nāna e kōkua iā ia e hoʻoholo inā he maʻi kolohe ʻo ka maʻi diabetes. ʻO ke kauka, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea loea kūikawā, e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano, ʻokoʻa a me ka nui o ka maʻi.

No ka mālama ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻano paʻakikī o ka lāʻau, ka mea e pili ana i ka:

  • ʻhalelo alpha lipoic. Mālama i ka hōʻemi o ka glucose i loko o nā lau o ka nerve, a hoʻihoʻi i kekahi mau enzyme i nā loko, e hiki ai ke hoʻihoʻi i nā ʻeha i hoʻopilikia ʻia;
  • ʻaukā;
  • ʻO nā huaora B.Maka lākou i ka hopena o ka hopena o ka glucose i nā loko;
  • Actovegin. Hoʻohana i ka glucose, hoʻonoho i ka microcirculation koko;
  • inhibitor aldose hoʻohiolo hou. Hoʻemi i nā hopena maikaʻiʻole o ka glucose i ke kino;
  • ʻO nā huahana paʻakai me ka pālolo. E hōʻemi i ka haʻalulu a me nā kīpī.

Osteomyelitis

ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻopiʻi maʻamau o ka maʻi diabetes ka haʻahaʻa neuropathy haʻahaʻa loa, i hele pū ʻia me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka wāwae maʻi. Kūkulu nui ia ma hope o nā makahiki he 5-7 mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi i ka ʻano maʻi maʻi mua. I ka lua o kēia, ua hōʻike ʻia kēia maʻi me ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa.

ʻO ka wāwae Diabetic

ʻO kahi mea nui no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻopiʻi maʻi diabetes me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēlā mau ʻano maʻi ma muli o kahi ʻano paʻakikī o ka maʻi, a i ʻole ʻole e hoʻokō i nā ʻōlelo manaʻo o ka endocrinologist. ʻO ke kō koko kiʻekiʻe a me nā loli koke e hoʻopilikia maikaʻi i nā kinipona nerve a me ka pā vascular.

ʻO nā ʻatikala maʻi diabetes maʻi penei:

  • lilo ana o ka make ole;
  • nā kagathathies (pilikia vascular);
  • ulia maʻi;
  • ka osteoporosis a me nā iwiʻino.

Hiki i nā wāwae Diabetic ke puka mai i loko o ka ischemic a me ka neuropathic form, hilinaʻi i kēlā mau maʻi ma waena e lanakila ana. Eia nō naʻe, ua pili pū nā mea ʻelua i ka manawa like.

Sensorimotor

Ma muli o ka sensorimotor neuropathy, hiki i ka hiki ke neʻe i ka hoʻoneʻe, a me nā manaʻo ʻē aʻe ma muli o ka hana hōʻeha o ka nerve.

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka loaʻa ʻana ke maʻi, he aʻa paha paha. Hiki i kēia kaʻina hana ma waho o ke kaula spinal a kāhea ʻia ʻo ka neuropathy peripheral.

ʻO kēia maʻi kekahi mea i hoʻoili ʻia, ma muli o ka hopena, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā nuna koʻikoʻi, ka hana no ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā manaʻo a i ʻole ke kumu o ka holo. Ma kēia ala, hoʻomohala ʻia ai ka neuropathy sensorimotor. ʻO kāna pahuhopu nui ka hāpai ʻana i nā neʻe.

ʻO ka polyneuropathy Sensomotor kahi kaʻina hana kūlohelohe e hōʻino ana i nā wahī o nā nerve a pili pū kekahi i nā huaʻala a me nā uhi o ka nerve.

Ma muli o ka nui o ka hōʻino i nā ʻili, ua hele ke kaʻina o ka hoʻolei i nā hōʻailona o ka nerve. A ma muli o ka hopena o ka neuropathy ma luna o nā uaua nerve a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa, nalowale paha kā lākou hana.

ʻO ka hōʻailona pinepine ka emi ʻana o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i kekahi o nā wahi o ke kino, a hele pinepine ʻia ka ʻatikala me:

  • pilikia paʻakikī;
  • pilikia e hoʻohana ana i nā lima;
  • ke kuni ʻana;
  • nāwaliwali i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino;
  • ʻike maka;
  • ʻeha a paʻakikī hoʻi ka hele;
  • nā manaʻo hōʻino ma kekahi wahi o ke kino.

Hiki i nā hōʻailona o ka neuropathy sensorimotor ke kūkulu i ka holo like, i ka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻolōʻihi, ma luna o nā hebedoma a mau makahiki paha. ʻO ka pinepine loa, ʻo kēia alakaʻi ka hoʻomaka ʻana mai nā kihi o nā manamana lima.

ʻIkeʻa

ʻO ka neuropathy maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻĀpiha ke ala e hoʻopilikia ai i ka wahi autonomic o ka ʻōnaehana o kāna nūnū, ʻo kāna hana nui o ka mālama ʻana a hoʻonohonoho pū i ka hana o nā kino kūloko. Pēlā nō, i ka wā o kāna papa, he hōʻike hōʻike o nā ʻanoʻano like ʻole e nā kino he nui.

Nā ʻōmole i loaʻa me kēia maʻi me ka hele ʻana i ke ʻano o ka:

  • hiki koke ke hoʻomaka o ka maʻi ʻoluʻolu;
  • puʻuwai;
  • pāhawewe;
  • nā ninia
  • constipation
  • i ka wā e ʻai ai i kahi mea liʻiliʻi o ka meaʻai, ʻike nui ka ʻōpū ma loko o ka ʻōpū;
  • lohi ana i ka halihali ʻana mai ka ʻai mai ka ʻōpū a hiki i nā ʻōpū.

Hōʻike kēia mau hōʻailona i nā hana ʻino o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū.

Eia kekahi, i kēia manawa, hiki i ka hana o nā nīpona ke kuleana no ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi e hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia, a laila e hele ana i loko o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi nocturnal.

Ma muli o ka hoʻopōʻino ʻana i nā huaʻai, nā nerve, ka mea i kuleana no ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana genitourinary, hiki i ka paresis o ka lāhe. Me kēia hopena, ʻaʻole ka hopena urination, kahi e piʻi ai i ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi o nā kiko genitourinary. Hoʻopiʻi pinepine nā mea maʻi i ka pani ʻole ʻana, ka wikiwiki a i ʻole me ka hōʻino ʻole ʻana o ka wahi pale.

Me ka neuropathy autonomous, nā hopena ʻeha a nā kuleana no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka wā o ka hōʻeuʻeu wahine. Hōʻa pinepine pinepine kēia i ka erectile dysfunction, ʻaʻole ia e kāpae i ka makemake a me ka makemake mai ka mea maʻi. ʻO ka wahine, hiki i nā maʻi ke hōʻeha i ka maloʻo nui loa i loko o ka pūpū, a me ka waiho ʻole a emi ʻole i ka makemake i ka moekolohe.

Nā wikiō pili

Kāohi a me ka mālama ʻana o ka neuropathy i ka maʻi diabetes:

ʻO ka neuropathy Diabetic kekahi o nā hoʻopiʻi maʻamau e kuʻi ana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, ua hōʻike ʻia i ka hapalua o nā maʻi āpau. Hele mai i loko o nā ʻano like a me nā ʻano, e loaʻa ana i kēlā me kēia me kona ʻano pono a me nā hōʻailona. Hoʻonui pinepine ʻia kēia maʻi maʻi i nā maʻi me nā maʻi maʻi mua.

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