Synthesized kūʻokoʻa e ke kino i ka cortex adrenal a i ʻole hoʻokolohua stoxine hana ʻia o ka lāʻau, glucocorticoid e kāohi i nā mea hoʻoponopono maʻi maʻi.
Ua hoʻoholo ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka helu ʻana o nā glucocorticoids e like me ke ʻano o ka noi, nā hana, ka ikaika o ka hana, e pili ana i ke ala o ka hoʻokele.
Pono ʻia nā glucocorticosteroids e pale i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mumū, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ʻia ai no nā allergies a i ʻole he lāʻau lapaʻau immunosuppressive.
ʻO nā mea kūlohelohe
Ma lalo o ka mana o ka pūnaehana neʻe i waena a me ka kelima pituitary, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka pūlima hormonal i loko o ka cortex adrenal, e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i kahi kūlana maʻamau i ka wā o ke kaumaha, metabolism maʻamau, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā foci o ka mumū. Loaʻa nā manawa like o ka lā i ka hana ʻana o kekahi hormone kūikawā.
Cortisol
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā mea maʻamau mai loko mai:
- cortisol Hoʻohui ʻia ka hydrocortisone i ka wā o ke kaumaha, ke kuhikuhi nei i ke ala ʻana i ka ikaika adaptive o ke kino e kū i nā kūlana kaumaha. Ma muli o ke kaumaha pinepine e alakaʻi i ka nui o ka cortisol, ka mea i hāʻawi i ka hōʻemi o ka nui o ke kaumaha, ka waiho ʻana o nā momona i nā poʻohiwi a me nā pūhaka, ke kaumaha, ka haunaele hiamoe, ka pathology o ka iwi a me ka hana hana. ʻO ka cortisol haʻahaʻa e alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka paona, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko, ka mea nui o nā palahalaha, hopohopo;
- cortisone Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ia me ka cortisol, akā i kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO kāna pahuhopu, ʻo ia ka ʻoi aku i ka hana metabola, hoʻoikaika i ka hana pili kino. Hoʻemi kēia i ka hana noʻonoʻo, ka pale kūlohelohe o ke kino, ka hana a ka digestive tract.
Hiki ke hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ka lōʻihi a pōkole paha i ka cortisol no ke kino: i ka wā o ka hānau ʻana o kahi keiki i ka wahine, ma hope o kahi hōʻeha a maʻi ʻana paha, ka lōʻihi o ke kaumaha, hoʻoluhi ʻia i ka hoʻoikaika kino.
ʻO ka ʻike ākea o ka nui o ka hormone i ke koko e nānā ʻia i ke kakahiaka, ma kahi o 8 mau hola, e emi iki ana i ka wā o ke ao, hiki i ka liʻiliʻi loa ma ka 3 o kakahiaka.
Hoʻopuka ʻia i ka ʻoihana
No ka mālamaʻana i kekahi mau maʻi, kōkua i loko o ke kūlana koʻikoʻi, a me ka kāohi ʻana i nā kaʻina metabola, ua loaʻa mai nā glucocorticoids ma ka hana. Hoʻohālike kā lākou hana me ke kūlohelohe, hoʻohana ʻia lākou no ka ʻole o ka hana o ka hormone i loko o ke kino.
Hoʻomoe ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka glucocorticoid e pili ana i ko lākou kumu a me ka hopena i ke kino. ʻO nā hui lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻike i ka hormone i nā wehewehe like ʻole, kahi i kūlike ai i ka pūnaehana o nā mea kōkua, a me ka paʻa o ka hana nui.
Nā papa papa ʻaina
Non-fluorinated glucocorticoids:
- betamethanone. ^ E Ha yM. Loaʻa ia ia kahi hopena vasoconstrictor, hoʻopili i ka hana a ka metabolism a me BismH o ka metabolism. Hōʻike ʻia he hoʻopiʻi a i ʻole he hopena no ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka mumū, e hōʻoluʻolu i nā maʻi kūlohelohe a me ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka ʻili. Kuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Beloderm, Betazone, Betaspan, Diprospam, Celederm, Celeston;
- predithone. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻohana ia e hōʻoluʻolu i kahi maʻi kūlohelohe maʻi, nā kūlana e hū ai, ka ikaika iki o ka hana. Ka helu ʻana o nā glucocorticoids o kēia pūʻulu e like me ke ala o ke noi i mahele i: oral, injectable, parenteral. Ua hoʻolaha ʻia e nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Prednisolum, Medopred, Decortin;
- methylprednisolone. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻohana ʻia he mea pale i ka leukocytes a me nā ʻōnaehana macrophages. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa waha a me nā mākua, e hana pū nei me nā maʻi endocrine. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ka hāmeʻa: Medrol, Metipred.
E hoʻokomo i ka glucocorticoids molakīpū helu:
- deachamethasone. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki iā ia ke komo i loko o ka wahī laʻa o ke kikowaena, e hāʻawi ana i ka hopena immunosuppressive a me nā anti-inflammatory. Loaʻa i nā injections, nā papa, nā puʻu maka. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka hormonal, no laila, ʻike ka poʻe maʻi i kahi hana hewa i ka ʻōnaehana hormonal, nā kaʻina metabolic, a me kahi loli i ke kūlana naʻau. Hoʻokomo ʻia ma nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Dexazone, Dexamed, Mexidex;
- triamcinolone. ^ E Ha yM. Ua kāpili ʻia no ka mālama ʻana o ka autoimmune thyroiditis, psoriatic, gouty a me ka rheumatoid arthritis, hypercalcemia ma neoplasms malignant. Hōʻike ʻia ma nā waha, injectable, inhaled, a ʻano pili. ʻO ka mea nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Kenalog, Berlicort, Polcortolone, Triacort.
ʻO ka hoʻohana nui o nā corticosteroids
Loaʻa i ka hopena kūloko a i ʻole paha i ke kino, hiki ke loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau me nā glucocorticoids i ke ʻano o nā papa, nā mea ʻala, nā hāʻule, nā kuhi. ʻO kā lākou hana nui, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻike kūloko o nā maʻi kūloko, hoʻopau i ka maka o ka mumū, a hāʻawi pū i ka hopena immunostimulating. Wahi a ke ʻano o ke noi, ua helu ʻia nā glucocorticoids i ʻelua mau pūʻulu: nā hopena kūloko a me nā ʻōnaehana.
Betamethasone Ointment
Kāpae 1 - ʻike kūkū kama'āina.
- no ka noi aku o ka ʻili (ʻaila, ʻeha, ʻona): Mometasone, Betamethasone, Fluocinolone Acetonide;
- hina no nā maka, pepeiao: Betamethasone;
- inhalation: budesonide, flunisolid, fluticasone propianate;
- kaila intraarticular: Betamethasone;
- Hōʻikeʻike i ka kiko periarticular: Hydrocortisone.
Kāleka 2 - nā glucocorticoids Systemic:
- Hydrocortisone (hoʻohana ikaika (LS) - Cortef);
- Prednisone;
- Prednisone;
- Methylprednisolone;
- Dexamethasone;
- Triamcinolone;
- Betamethasone.
Hoʻopili ke Glucocorticosteroids i ka hiki ʻana o ka immunoglobulin i nā pūlima, e pale ai i nā hōʻike aler. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hihia o ke ʻano maʻi maʻi: ka edema o Quincke, pīhoihoi anaphylactic, urticaria. I kekahi manawa hoʻohana no ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā maʻi pālolo.
Me ka hiki ke pale i ka pale ʻana, e hoʻohana pono ʻia nā glucocorticoids i ke kaila. ʻO ka emi ʻana o nā hana palekana o ke kino e pale ai i ka hōʻole ʻana i nā kiko transplanted.
Ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka hana o ka phospholipase, e hoʻokō ʻia ka hopena anti-inflammatory o nā corticosteroids. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ke kahe o ka wai ma muli o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka ʻoihana capillary e alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o nā hōʻike edematous. Hiki ke ola ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka microcirculation i loko o ka lesion.ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka helu ʻana, ke kūlohelohe a kūlohelohe nā glucocorticoids i nā kūmole like ʻole, ʻo kā lākou hopena therapeutic:
- hoololi (me ka nele o ka hormone);
- pathogenetic (anti-inflammatory, anti-shock, immunosuppressive, anti-allergic effects);
- ʻaohipua (ke kaohi nei i ka hana o corticoliberin, kuleana no nā hōʻike hopohopo) hana.
ʻO nā hopena maikaʻiʻole
ʻO nā hopena o ka hopena hormonal kahi hopena maikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana a lawe i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maikaʻi loa.
He mea nui ia e mālama i kahi papa o ka mālama ʻia ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi koʻikoʻi o kahi kauka, me ka mālama pono ʻole ʻana.
ʻO ka mea hiki ʻole ke ʻike e like me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka glucose i loko o ke koko, ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kō i loko o ka urine. ʻO ka maʻi mulat a Steroid ka hopena mai ka komo ʻana o nā hormones i ka hana o ka ʻaiā o ka mea hoʻoneʻe ʻawaʻawa.
ʻO ka komo ʻole ʻana o ka hoʻokūkū o nā steroid i ka protein metabolism e alakaʻi i ka ʻaki ʻana o ka huina o ka ʻiʻo. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka collagen e hōʻeha ai i ka ʻili o ka ʻili, e hoʻemi ana i kona turgor. ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka synthesis protein e hoʻopili i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi kiko hou, he mea nui ia i ka wā e hōʻola ai i nā ʻeha a ʻokiʻoki.
ʻO ka hopena o ka glucocorticoids ma luna o ka momona metabolism e alakaʻi i kahi kuleana asymmetric o ka adipose tissue i loko o ke kino. Loaʻa i ka poʻe maʻi he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o nā momona momona o ka subcutaneous i loko o nā wāwae, akā, he kiʻi i hoʻonui ʻia i ka ʻāʻī, ka maka, ka umauma.
ʻAʻole hoʻohana ka hoʻokele pōkole o nā steroid i ka pathology o ke ʻōnaehana cardiovascular.
Hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻo Haphazard i nā lāʻau lapaʻau o kahi kumu hormonal e like me ke ʻano o ka hypertension, kaʻeha o ka naʻau.
Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao ke komo i ka insomnia, ka ʻike ʻole ʻole, ka makehewa epileptic i nā mea maʻi, ulcer gastrointestinal, lohi wikiwiki i nā keiki, osteoporosis. Kuhi pinepine ka hanana i ka candidiasis o ka nasopharynx, hoarseness, pāʻai, hoʻokahe ʻia o nā membuses mucous.
Nā wikiō pili
Kūpono i ka mea nui o nā glucocorticosteroids i ka lāʻau lapaʻau:
Hāʻawi kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī o ka glucocorticoids i kahi kiʻi piha o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i nā steroid. Lawe ʻia nā hānō a me nā hana a hiki i ka hakakā ʻana i ka pahuhopu o ka maʻi a i ʻole microflora pathogenic. ʻO ka hapa liʻiliʻi o nā mea hoʻoneʻe i ka papa kūpono o ka maʻi ʻole me nā hoʻopiʻi ʻana mai nā ʻōnaehana kino ʻē aʻe.
