ʻO kahi maʻi maʻi maʻikahi o ka pancreas i ʻole e hoʻokō ai me kāna hana makemake. Ma muli o ka nele a i ʻole ka pau ʻole o ka huna ʻana i ka insulin, pilikia ka metabolism a hoʻomohala a type 1 ka maʻi diabetes. Inā hōʻemi ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o nā selela o ke kino i kēia hormone a hōʻemi a hoʻonui paha ka hana i ka insulin, ulu a type type 2 ke ʻano. Hoʻokomo i nā kōpona beta pancreatic i nā insulin. Na kēia hormon ke kuleana no ka wawahi a me ka komo ʻana o ka glucose i loko o ko mākou kino. ʻO kahi i loaʻa i nā cell beta kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo "islets of Langerhans." ʻO ka pancreas o kahi kanaka makua maikaʻi ka mea e pili ana i hoʻokahi miliona mau mokupuni, ʻo ke kaupaʻa ʻana he 1-2 mau huina. ʻO nā pū kekahi me nā pūhaka alpha. No lākou ke kuleana o glucagon. ʻO ka Glucagon ka hormone e kū'ē i ka insulin. Ua wāwahi ia ka glycegen i ka glucose.
He aha ka mea me ka maʻi diabetes?
Hoʻokumu ka Hyperglycemia (hoʻonui i ke koko glucose) ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka hana hana hana i ka insulin. ʻO ka maʻamau, ma kahi pākeke, ʻo kēia ʻāpana i ka waena o 3.3-5.5 mmol / L. I ka maʻi diabetes, hoʻonui nui kēia mau helu a hiki i ka 15-20 mmol / L. Ke ʻole o ka insulin, ua pōloli nā cell i loko o ko mākou kino. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka kohu a nā ʻāpana a hōʻiliʻili i ke koko. I ka keu, ua piʻihue ka glucose i loko o ke kahe koko, kahi ʻāpana ia i loko o ka ate, a hoʻokaʻawale kahi hapa i ka urine. Ma muli o kēia, ʻike ʻia ka hemahema o ka ikehu. Ke hoʻāʻo nei ke kino e hoʻoneʻe i ka ikehu mai kona lako ponoʻī o nā momona, hana i nā mea make (hoʻoneʻe i nā kino ketone), nā hana metabolika. Hoʻokomo maikaʻi ka Hyperglycemia i ke kino holoʻokoʻa, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e mālama i kēia maʻi, a laila e hāʻule ke kanaka i kahi kōpa hyperglycemic.
Kahi helu
I kēia manawa, hoʻohanohano ka maʻi diabetes:
- type 1 insulin-dependence diabetes mellitus - maʻi nui nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio;
- type 2 non-insulin-hilinaʻi - loaʻa i nā poʻe kahiko e ʻoi aku ke kaumaha a loaʻa paha i kahi predisposition genetic i ka maʻi diabetes;
- hapai (histological diabetes);
- nā ʻano maʻi ʻē aʻe (immuno-mediated, drug, with genetic defects and endocrinopathies).
Hoʻonui i ka maʻi maʻi
I nā makahiki, ke mahuahua nei ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes. I ka makahiki 2002, ʻoi aku ka nui o 120 miliona mau kānaka i ka maʻi maʻi. Wahi a nā helu helu, ʻo kēlā me kēia mau makahiki 10-15 ka helu o ka maʻi pālua. No laila, ʻo kēia maʻi e lilo i pilikia olakino a me ka pilikia.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi i hōʻike ʻia ua pālahalaha nui ʻia nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole ma ka lāhui Mongoloid. I ka lāhui Negroid, hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohalaʻana i ka nephropathy maʻi maʻi.
Ma 2000, aia he 12% o nā maʻi maʻi ma Hong Kong, 10% ma USA, a ʻo 4% hoʻi ma Venezuela. ʻO Chile ka hapa liʻiliʻi loa - 1,8% o ka heluna o ka heluna o nā heluna.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā helu kikoʻī e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes ma aneʻi.
Me ka mālama pono a me ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi, noho maluhia nā kānaka a hauʻoli i ke ola!
