Assay no ka hemoglobin glycated (HbA1c)

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ʻO ka loiloi hemoglobin glycated kahi hana koʻikoʻi i ke kīpē o ka maʻi maʻi. Kōkua ke aʻo ʻana i ka hoʻomaopopo i ka maʻi i ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, e loiloi i ka hopena o nā hōʻeha o nā hoʻopiʻi ʻana, no ka pale ʻana i ke kō ʻana o ke kō i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻoponopono i ka mālama ʻana, ka hana kino a me ka mea ʻai. Pono nā wahine hāpai i ka type 1 diabetes mellitus e lawe i ka insulin insulin i ka manawa kūpono.

ʻAtikala Kumuhana

  • 1 ka mea hemoglobin glycated
  • 2 No ke aha e lawe HbA1c
  • 3 Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻoili
  • 4 pono a me nā pōʻino o ke aʻo ʻana
  • 5 Ke kuhi nei i nā hopena
    • 5.1 Ka hilinaʻi o HbA1c ma ka pae o ka glucose i loko o ke koko
  • 6 nā pae i pae (kumu) no ka maʻi maʻi
    • 6.1 Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka hemoglobin glycated?
  • 7 Nā nīnau nīnau pinepine
  • 8 nā hana hoʻoholo

He aha ka gogus hemoglobin

ʻIke ʻia ka Glycated hemoglobin i kekahi manawa ma ka ʻepekema a me ka noiʻi olakino e like me ke glycosylated a i ʻole he pōkole loa ia no HbA1c. ʻOiai he 3 mau mea o ia: HbA1a, HbA1b a me HbA1c, ʻo ia ka mea o ka mea i makemake nui ʻia, no ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā mea nui aku ma mua o ke koena.

Ma ia wale nō, hōʻike kēia ʻōmike i ka nui o ka glucose i ka nui o ke koko no ka manawa lōʻihi (a hiki i 3 mau mahina). Hōʻike ʻia i ka hapa he nui o ka hemoglobin e hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia i ka glucose.

Nā ha‘alua:

  • Hb - ka hemoglobin pololei;
  • ʻO1 ka hapa;
  • c - haʻahaʻa.

No ke aha e hele ai ʻo HbA1c

No ka hoʻoili ʻana:

  1. Nā wahine hāpai e hōʻike i ka maʻi diabetes.
  2. ʻO nā wahine hāpai i noho me ka diabetes type 1 i mea e ʻike ai i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hemoglobin glycated i ka manawa, kahi e hoʻonāukiuki ai i nā maʻi o ka congenital i loko o ka pūpū, ke kaumaha o ka pathologically kiʻekiʻe o ke keiki, a me ka hilahila a me nā hānau mua.
  3. ʻO nā poʻe i hōʻike ʻia no ka hoʻomanawanui i ka glucose. Pono kēia no kahi hopena ʻoi aku ka pololei a me ka kikoʻī.
  4. ʻO ka poʻe i hōʻike ʻia i ka maʻi diabetes e nānā i kā lākou glycemia i ka lōʻihi.

Eia nō hoʻi, ua ʻae ʻo glycated hemoglobin i ka manawa mua e ʻike i ka maʻi diabetes a loiloi paha i kona uku.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka loiloi

ʻO ka mea kūʻokoʻa o HbA1c, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau no ia. ʻO ke kumumanaʻo no ke aʻo ʻana he koko, hiki ke lawe ʻia ka ʻelua mai kahi vein a mai kahi manamana lima - e hilinaʻi ʻia ana i ke ʻano o ke ʻano analima. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā hoʻoili i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā. Inā ʻaʻole ka lawehala i ka ʻōpū ʻole, pono e ao ʻia ma mua.

ʻO nā noiʻi e pili ana i ka hemoglobin glycated ka mea maʻamau ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia i nā pēpē a hiki i nā malama ʻeono, ʻoiai he nui ko lākou koko i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hemoglobin fetal (HbF), ʻaʻole ia he hoʻolaha.

Nā pono a me nā hemahema o ke aʻo ʻana

Hāʻawi ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻano me kona mauʻike a me nā ʻū. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa o kēia noiʻi ʻana ʻo ka nānā ʻana o nā pae kō i loko o nā maʻi i ʻai ʻole a i ʻole hoʻohana mau i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Ke hoʻāʻo nei kekahi poʻe e waho i kā lākou kauka, e hoʻomaka i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā mea ʻono i hoʻokahi pule ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko, akā e piʻi mau ana ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, no ka mea, ua hōʻike ka glycated hemoglobin i ka awelika glucose kumu i loko o nā mahina i hala.

Nā pono:

  • Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo DM ma nā wahi mua;
  • Hiki iā ʻoe ke kiaʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka mālama ʻana a me ka papaʻai no nā mahina he 3 i hala;
  • e kahe mai ke koko mai kahi manamana lima a i ʻole vein;
  • lawe ʻia ka nānā ʻana i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā;
  • ua nānā nā hopena i nā hopena kūpono no ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes;
  • ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia i nā maʻi ʻeha ma ka hopena.

Aia nā hemahema ke kumukūʻai o ka nānā ʻana. Eia nō hoʻi, ʻaʻole pono ke hāpai i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ʻano loiloi i nā āpau āpau, ʻoiai hiki ke hewa paha nā hopena. Hoʻopuka ka noiʻi i nā hopena i hala ʻole i kēia mau hihia:

  • Ka puka koko. Hiki i ka hanaʻino ke hoʻoweliweli i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe maoli o ka HbA1c, no ka mea ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana o ka mea hāʻawi i ka mea i hele ʻia e ke koko o kekahi.
  • ʻO ke koko wailua.
  • ʻO nā maʻi o ke koko, e like me ke anemia deficiency.
  • Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka spleen i mua.
  • ʻO nā maʻi o ka ate a me nā lolo.
  • Hoʻemi i ka pae nui o ka hormone thyroid.
Eia kekahi, i kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke loaʻa iā ʻoe i nā hōʻailona hoʻopunipuni inā he nui ke kolamu o ke kanaka a lawe i nā nui o nā huaora E a me C.

Ke wehewehe nei i nā hopena

Hiki i nā mea hana like ʻole ke loaʻa i nā waiwai kūlike no ka glycated hemoglobin; ʻo nā mea maʻamau ka mea maʻamau i hōʻike ʻia ma nā hopena o ka hōʻike.

Ka waiwai o HbA1c,%Hoʻopuka, mmol / LHoʻomaka mua
43,8ʻO ka mea kēia, ʻemi ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes, no ka mea maʻamau ka metabolism
5,7-6,06,5-7,0Aia ka pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. Me nā hopena like, pono ia e hōʻemi i ka momona i ka papaʻai a hoʻopaʻa inoa ma kahi endocrinologist
6,1-6,47,0-7,8ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes
6.5 a i luna7.9 a kiʻekiʻe aʻeMe kēlā mau ʻōkuhi, pono e ʻimi koke i ke kauka. ʻO ka maʻamau, hōʻike kēia mau helu i ka maʻi maʻi maʻamau, akā pono nā hōʻike hou e hōʻoia i ka maʻi maʻi.
ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻoia iā ʻoe iho i kēia ʻike! Nui nā hiʻohiʻona e hiki ke pā i nā hopena.

I nā kumu kumu no ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka HbA1c paha:

  • Loaʻa ka maʻi diabetes mellitus.
  • ʻO ka huakini o ka pauku huʻemu.
  • Anemia pale pio.
  • Hoʻopau i nā spleen i nā wā i hala aku nei.
  • Ka make ʻana ʻo Ethanol.
  • Intoxication me nā metabolic huahana e linger i loko o ke kino no ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka manawa kūpono ma muli o nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana urinary.

ʻO nā kumu o ka hemoglobin glycated:

  • Hypoglycemia.
  • Hoʻopau i ke ola sela koko hoʻoliʻi i pili i nā maʻi koko ʻokoʻa.
  • Aia ma hope o ke kaumaha ʻana i ke kahe nui o ke koko.
  • Aia ma hope o ke kahe koko.
  • Hoʻolaha ʻaʻa pancreatic.

Inā hāʻawi ka wahine hāpai i kahi loiloi, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka hōʻailona i ka manawa holoʻokoʻa o ka hānau ʻana i kahi keiki. ʻO nā kumu no nā ʻōhaka i:

  • hao wai hao anemia i loko o ka mea manaʻolana;
  • hua nui nui;
  • paʻa inoa ʻole.

ʻO ka hilinaʻi o HbA1c ma ka pae o ka glucose i ke koko

ʻO ka pae awelika o ka glucose i loko o ke koko no 3 mau mahina, mmol / lʻO ka waiwai o ka hemoglobin glycated,%
7,06
8,67
10,28
11,89
13,410
14,911
16,512

Nā pae kūpono (maʻamau) no ka maʻi maʻi

"Mākaukau pae" ʻo ia ka helu e pono ai ʻoe e hakakā nei no ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hoʻonāukiuki i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Inā loaʻa ka maʻi diabetes i ka waiwai o ka hemoglobin glycated e emi mai ma mua o 7%, ʻo ia ke kumu. Akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi inā makemake ka helu ʻana i kēia 6%, ʻo ka mea nui ka hoʻāʻo e hoʻēmi i mea e hōʻeha ʻole i ka olakino. Me ka kaohi ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes maikaʻi loa, ka waiwai HbA1c o <6.5%.

Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka hemoglobin glycated

I mea e ʻole ai i ke ola a me ke olakino maʻi, pono ia e lawe i nā ala kūpono e hoʻemi i ka HbA1c. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, inā ʻaʻole hana ʻia kēia, ke piʻi aʻe ka pilikia o nā pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi.

ʻO nā ala kūpono e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka HbA1c me ka hōʻeha ʻole:

  1. Mai haʻalele i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻAʻole ke kuhikuhi wale a nā kauka iā lākou, pono lākou e hilinaʻi. ʻO ke ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono ke kī i nā hōʻailona maikaʻi. ʻAʻole ia e koho i ka lāʻau ponoʻī iā lākou iho me nā meaʻala haʻahaʻa, ʻoiai inā i loaʻa nā mea ʻano like ʻole.
  2. ʻO kaʻai kūpono. Pono e hoʻemi iki i ka nui o nā mea lae i hoʻopau ʻia a hoʻokaʻawale i nā hapa, akā hoʻonui i ka nui o nā meaʻai. ʻAʻole pono ke kino i ka pōloli a i ke kaumaha mau loa. Me ka pōloli lōʻihi, hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka lawehala pinepine ʻana, ka mea e lilo ai i manawa no ka ʻōhū i loko o ke kō.
  3. Hoʻohana pilikino. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o Cardiotraining, i ka manawa e hoʻoikaika ʻia ai ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke olakino a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā ʻaila. ʻAʻole ʻoe e manaʻo i ka hopena koke, no laila e pono ke hoʻopili pū ʻia ka hoʻoilo i ka hanana mau o ke ola. Inā hoʻokaʻa ʻia, hele nā ​​mākaukau lōʻihi ma ka lewa hou i ka pōmaikaʻi.
  4. Ka mālama ʻana i kahi diary. Pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka hana kino, ka ʻai, nā kuhikuhi ʻana i ka maʻi glycemia (kahi ana me ka glucometer), ka nui o ka lāʻau a me kā lākou inoa. No laila he mea maʻalahi ia e hoʻomaopopo i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻonui a hōʻemi paha i ka glucose koko.
  5. ʻO ka hoʻomau koko kō. ʻO kekahi, e mālama i ke kālā, e hoʻohana pinepine i ka mita ma mua o ka mea pono. ʻAʻole pono kēia. Ke kōkua mau nei nā ana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mea ʻai a i ʻole ka pau ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa.

Nā nīnau nīnau pinepine

Ke hāʻawi ʻia aku nei kahi kanaka i kahi mana e lawe i kēia loiloi, loaʻa iā ia nā nīnau, nā pane i nā ʻoi loa ke ʻike aku mai ke kauka. Akā hiki iā lākou ke ʻike pūnaewele ma ka pūnaewele. Eia ka mea maʻamau.

Hiki paha i ka hopena o ka hopena a no ka mea?

Pono ka neʻe o ke kanaka no ke kamaʻilio ʻana: hiki ke hoʻāla ʻia ka ʻōpala, hoʻoweliweli, hoʻouna ʻia i ka loiloi hewa ʻole, a eia kekahi, hūnā ʻia nā hopena ma muli o nā kumu i hala iho nei:

  • pono ʻohi hoʻokaʻa pono ʻole;
  • hiki i ka manawa o ka lawe ʻana i ke koko (hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hopena);
  • ka heleʻana o nā hemoglobin carbamylated i nā poʻe i loaʻa nā pilikia ʻeha. Hoʻohālikelike kēia ʻano i ka HbA1c, no ka mea, he ʻina like, ua lawe ʻia i ka glycated, a ma muli o ka hopena o ka hopena artively overestimated.

I kauoha ʻole e hoʻohana i kahi glucometer inā e hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ka ʻano hōʻike no HbA1c?

ʻO ke kala o kahi glucometer pilikino he kauoha, pono e hoʻohana pinepine e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ka endocrinologist. Hōʻike ka loiloi no ka hemoglobin glycated wale nō i ka hopena awelika no 3 mahina. Akā pehea ka nui o ke kō kōʻai koko e lele i loko o ke ao - ʻaʻole.

Ma ke ʻano ʻole o ka nānā ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā ka nui o ka glucose, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokolokolo kūpono i ka papa o ka maʻi diabetes a pehea e mālama ai nā lāʻau a me nā meaʻai.

Uku helu 'ana ma HbA1c?

Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻāina nā kumukūʻai ponoʻī. ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālikelike no ia he 800-900 rubles.

E ʻike ʻia nā hopena i loaʻa mai nā mea hana like ʻole?

ʻAʻole ke loiloi o ka loiloi i kahi kaʻina diagnostik kikoʻī o nā limahana āpau e hoʻohana ai, no laila ʻokoʻa iki nā hopena. Eia kekahi, ma nā wahi ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe nā ʻikepili like ʻole. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e koho i kahi kikowaena hou a hōʻoiaʻiʻo a lawe i kahi loiloi ma laila e hoʻomau mau nei.

Ehia mau e lawe ai i ka hemoglobin glycated

Manaʻo ʻia nā maʻi hakahaka e lawe i kahi hana i kēlā me kēia 3 mahina, ʻo ia hoʻi, 4 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki e nānā ai i ka pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka loaʻa ʻana o ka uku no ka pākia ʻaihue a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kuhikuhi i ka manaʻo.

No ke aha i koho ʻia ai kēia manawa? E pili pololei ana ʻo Glycated hemoglobin i nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula, nona ka lōʻihi o ke ola ma kahi o 120 lā, akā me kekahi mau maʻi koko hiki ke hoʻēmi ʻia.

Inā paʻa ka pae ʻaina, ua koho maikaʻi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau a ua hele ke kanaka i ka ʻai, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i ka hōʻike pinepine - 2 mau manawa i ka makahiki. No nā kānaka olakino, e lawe ʻia ana ka noi ʻana ma kēlā me kēia 1-3 mau makahiki ma ka makemake.

Heʻokoʻa ʻole ʻo HbA1C i nā kāne a me ka wahine

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā hopena i nā wahine a me nā kāne he liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohālikelike ia e 0.5%, kahi e pili ai me ka nui o ka hemoglobin āpau.

Ka awelika o nā HbA1C i nā kānaka o nā ʻano like ʻole like ʻole o ka makahiki:

 HbA1c,%
MakauWahine wahineKau kāne
Ma lalo o 294,64,6
30 a 505,5 - 75,5 - 6,4
Ma luna o 50Toena ma 7.5Kapaha ʻia ma 7
I nā wahine hāpai, hāpai nā hopena i ka manawa: a 12 mau hebedoma, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau ma mua o 5%, a i ka 28 mau wiki - ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 6%

Nā koho hoʻoholo

ʻO ke ʻano maoli e hoʻohana ai i nā mea a pau. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka hemoglobin glycated e hoʻohana ana:

  • waihei chromatography;
  • immunoturbodimetry;
  • e hoʻololi i nā kromatography ʻoihana hoʻoili;
  • loiloi nephelometric.

I ka hopena, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo i kahi loiloi he pono no ke ola o nā maʻi maʻi, me ka ʻike hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka hopena o ka diabetes mellitus i hoʻopaʻi ʻia a pehea e koho ai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono.

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