ʻO ka atherosclerosis o ka puʻuwai he pathology e pili ana i nā huaʻai coronary e pili ana. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i kahi pōʻino i ka hāʻawi koko i ka myocardium.
ʻO Atherosclerosis ke kumu maʻamau o ka make. Hoʻonui pinepine, hoʻomohala ka maʻi i ka diabetes mellitus, me kahi mea hoʻohui o ka hyperglycemia maʻi.
Pono ke kūpono o ka maʻi o ka maʻi. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka maʻi, pono ʻoe e familiarize iā ʻoe iho me nā kumu, nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻano o ka papa o ka maʻi.
ʻO ke kumu
I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ke kumu e tupu ai ka atherosclerosis, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻoihana o kona hoʻomohala ʻana. I ka mua, puka nā pā pōkole liʻiliʻi ma ka paia vascular, ma kahi e hoʻopolo ai i nā cholesterol maikaʻi me ke koko. Hoʻopilikia ka lipoproteins haʻahaʻa puʻuwai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi, ka mea e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻadipili hono.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka pau o nā triglycerides ma nā paia vascular e nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kino. ʻO kahi keʻokeʻo kēia i ka lipid metabolism a hoʻoiho ʻole i ke kahe koko.
I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili o ka momona i nā moku ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā papa o atherosclerotic. No laila ua kani ka lumen ma loko o ke kī, a hoʻopau i kā lākou ʻāpana a i ʻole kā lākou pili.
Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ka pololi oxygen a me ka nele o nā mea momona. A inā hele ka maʻi hypoxia i nā moku e alakaʻi ana i ka puʻuwai, a laila hoʻomohala ʻia ka maʻi ischemic.
No laila, ʻo ke kumu nui o ka atherosclerosis o ka puʻuwai he hypercholesterolemia. Akā aia kekahi mau mea e hoʻonui i ka hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka maʻi:
- hypertension arterial;
- diabetes mellitus a me nā ala āpau endocrine;
- nā maʻi maʻi hormonal;
- nā maʻi maʻamau
- mea kino;
- maʻi ate
- hoʻoilina ʻōna;
- ʻopi momona
- hoʻoikaika kino;
- ulaula
Eia nō kekahi, hiki i ka maʻi naʻau atherosclerotic ke ulu kūʻē i kahi kūlana o ka pōʻai a maikaʻi ʻole a me ke kaumaha mau. ʻO nā mea hoʻonāukiuki e hoʻonui nui ai i nā pilikia o nā ʻōnaehana cardiovascular me ka makahiki senile. Keʻike nei nā Gerontologists he mau hōʻailona o ka atherosclerosis kahi hōʻailona kuhikuhi i ka dementia i hiki mai.
Ua ʻike nā genetics, ʻaʻole wale ka pākeke wale nō, akā ʻo ka wahine, ka hoʻonui i ka maʻi o ka atherosclerotic maʻi maʻi. Ua hōʻoia ʻia nā haʻawina lehulehu e pinepine pinepine ʻia nā mea pili i ka kāne.
A i loko o nā wahine, ke piʻi aʻe o ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi ma hope iho o ka menopause, i ka manawa e emi iki ana ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o nā kāne.
ʻO nā pae kūkulu a me nā hōʻailona
Hoʻopilikia ke kino atherosclerotic a me ke kīʻaha moku koko i nā pae. Aia he 3 mau pae o ka maʻi.
I ka papa mua, ua hana ʻia kahi pulu lipid, ka mea i hoʻāla ʻia e ka hoʻomāeʻe ʻana o ke kahe koko a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā microcracks ma nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko. Hoʻokomo pinepine nā palaki atherosclerotic i nā wahi o ka moku ʻana.
I ka hoʻomaka mua o ka maʻi, ua pā a paʻa nā paia o nā ālaʻi. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻina e hilinaʻi i nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kino o ka mea maʻi. Kuhi i ka atherosclerosis i ke kahua mua ke hiki ke hiki me ke kōkua ʻana o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka mikroskopika.
ʻO ka lua o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka maʻi e kapa ʻia ai he liposclerosis. Hōʻano ʻia ia e ka proliferation o kahi kiko konohue ma ka wahi o ka hōʻiliʻili LDL i ka pā coronary.
ʻIa pū ʻia nā polani Atheromatous, kahi me nā lipid liʻiliʻi a me nā hono hoʻohui. ʻO ka wehe i nā puka i alakaʻi i ka pani ʻana o ka lumen vascular a me nā thrombrosis pinepine.
ʻO ke kolu o ka lāʻina o ka atherosclerosis o ka puʻuwai me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka paʻakai kalima i ka pākeke, ka mea ʻoi loa ka puka. No laila ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hana ma ke kahua hope loa.
ʻO kahi hōʻailona alakaʻi o ka atherosclerosis ka ʻehaʻeha, e like me ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka angina pectoris. ʻO ka ʻeha e kū mau ai a hele ʻole paha e lohe pinepine ʻia i nā wahi o ka ihu o ka poʻohiwi, ʻāʻī a me nā lima.
Hoʻomaopopo kekahi mau mea maʻi e hiki ke hōʻeha koke kahi hōʻailona hōʻeha. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kino a loaʻa ma hope o ka luhi a i ka hana kino paha.
Nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka atherosclerosis o ka puʻuwai:
- hoʻomanaʻo a me ka paʻa;
- huhū nui nā limu a lilo i ʻulaʻula;
- nāwaliwali a me ka huhū;
- ʻʻAla
- hana neʻe o ka naʻau;
- hyperhidrosis;
- ʻaʻano pōkole
- ninini
- pilikia paʻakikī;
- kalahala o nā ʻili o ka maka.
Me ka maʻi puʻuwai atherosclerotic, e hoʻopiʻi kekahi o nā mea maʻi me ka pale ʻana i ka hana moekolohe, he mau poʻo o ka manawa maʻamau. I kekahi manawa paʻakikī ka ʻōlelo, ka chromate, ka pupuhi ʻana o nā papaha ma lalo.
Eia kekahi, nui nā mea maʻi e hōʻeha pinepine i ka hōʻeha ʻana ma muli o ka makaʻu i ka make.
Nā hopena
Hiki i ke maʻi naʻau atherosclerotic ke alakaʻi i kahi lehulehu o nā pilikia. Ma aneʻa pinepine, ua hui pū ʻia me ka hypertension, hiki ke hāʻawi i ka hoʻokūkū hypertensive. Hoʻopau pinepine ka mea hope me ka myocardial infarction, pulmonary edema, stroke a me ka encephalopathy (necrosis o nā lolo neurons).
Ma ane pinepine mau, e kū'ē ana i ke ʻano o atherosclerosis o ka puʻuwai, maʻi ischemic heart or coronary sclerosis. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka maʻi e ke kahakaha ʻāpana o ka myocardium me ka hoʻopili pili.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka aheric atherosclerosis a me hypertension i ka aneurysm. Hoʻomaʻa pinepine i kēia me kahi hakahaka o nā aorta.
Ke holomua nei ka papa, nā nāwaliwali o ka naʻau naʻau, ka mea e alakaʻi ai i ka:
- myocardiosclerosis (ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā ʻalihi puʻuwai coronary)
- nā arrhythmias (hana ʻino i loko o nā puʻuwai naʻau);
- angina pectoris (angina pectoris);
- puʻuwai paʻakikī (decompensated myocardial disorders).
He mea nui ia no ka cardiosclerosis post-infarction e hiki ai i ka pilikia. Eia kekahi, hoʻopilikia wale ka maʻi atherosclerotic ʻaʻole i ka puʻuwai wale nō, akā, ʻo nā ʻokoʻa āpau a me nā ʻōnaehana. ʻO nā manawa pinepine kēia mau moku o ka lolo a me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
No laila, me nā leʻaleʻa o ka māhele femoral-popliteal a me iliac o nā hāmole o nā wāwae, i hoʻohemo ai i ka atherosclerosis. A inā i ʻōlohelohe nā plamida i ka lāʻau carotid, hele a brachiocephalic atherosclerosis, e alakaʻi pinepine ana i kahi hōʻeha ma ka lolo. Akā ʻo kahi hopena koʻikoʻi loa o ka atherosclerosis, ʻo ka make cardiac kokoke.
Kuhi ʻia kahi hopena ma muli o ka hopu ʻana i ka puʻuwai ma muli o ka pani piha ʻana o ka wahī.
Naʻi hoʻolika
ʻO ka mea mua, hōʻiliʻili ke kauka i ka mōʻaukala olakino. Pono kēia e maopopo i nā kumu, ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea kumu, nā hōʻailona o ka patolo.
Hoʻopaʻa kahi cardiologist i kahi hoʻokolokolo maʻamau o ka mea maʻi. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi o ka puʻuwai o ka atherosclerotic e hōʻike i ka maʻi trophic ma ke oʻo loa ʻana, ke kui, nā hoʻololi a me nā hopena o kahi hoʻokolokolo ascultative. Hiki i kekahi kauka hou ke ʻike i nā ʻōmaka systolic i ka projection o aorta, hoʻonui i ka puʻuwai naʻau a me hypertension.
No ka ʻike i ka atherosclerosis o nā moku naʻau, ke hana ʻia ka diagnostics laboratorium. I ka ʻōlelo pilikino, pono ke hana i kahi kiʻi lipid e hoʻoholo i ka māhele o lipoproteins a me ka nui o nā triglycerides i loko o ke koko.
ʻO nā ala e ʻoi loa no ka nānā ʻana i ka maʻi naʻau o ka atherosclerotic he mau mea maʻi a me ke ʻano,
- Hōʻike ka kaumaha - hōʻike pehea ka hopena o ka naʻau i ka hana pilikino.
- Electrocardiography - hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā hana uila, hōʻike i nā maʻi lele.
- Angiography - i ka wā o ke aʻo ʻana, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi mākaʻi kūʻokoʻa i loko o nā ʻalā coronary, e ʻae iā ʻoe e ʻike i nā wahi o ka liʻiliʻi a me ka blockage.
- ʻO ka tomography hoʻohālikelike - hana i kahi X-hihi o ka puʻuwai, e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano o ke kaʻi coronary.
- Echocardiography - hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kiʻi o ka puʻuwai ma o ka ultrasound, kahi e hiki ai i ka loiloi i ka ʻikepili o ka ʻili.
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau
I ka maʻi naʻau o ka atherosclerotic i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hypercholesterolemia, ke kumu o ke ʻola conservative therapy. Hoʻopā nā lāʻau i ka mea huna o nā enzyme hepatic i kuleana no ka hoʻomohala kolesterol. ʻO nā hōʻola kaulana mai kēia kulana ʻo Rosuvastatin a me Atorvastatin.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā kinikini Nicotinic acid e hoʻoulu i ka lipid metabolism. Eia kekahi, me nā koina atherosclerotic i ka palad coronary, pono pono e lawe i nā fibrates e luku ai i nā hōʻuluʻulu momona i loko o ka ʻōnaehana kaʻai.
ʻOiai me ka atherosclerosis, hōʻike ʻia ka ACE Inhibitors (Perindopril, Ramipril) a i ʻole beta-blockers (Losartan, Valsartan). Ke hoʻopau nei kēia mau lāʻau i nā hōʻike o ka hypertension, arrhythmias a pale i ka holomua o ABS.
ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i kauoha ʻia no ka maʻi naʻau atherosclerotic:
- Nā hui antiplatelet (Aspirin, Ticagrelor) - pale i ka thrombosis.
- Nitroglycerin - kāpae i ka lāʻau coronary, e hoʻonui ana i ke koko ma ka ʻōpū o ka naʻau.
- Diuretics (Torasemide, Furosemide) - lawe i nā wai nui mai ke kino.
- ʻO nā hōʻiliʻili huaola - hoʻoikaika i ka naʻau a me nā kīʻaha koko.
Inā ʻaʻohe manaʻo i ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, i nā kūlana holomua i ka wā e piʻi ai ka hopena o ka make, e hana ʻia ka mālama ʻana. Me nā kaha o ka atherosclerotic i nā lāʻau coronary, i hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana he nui.
ʻO ke ala mua he coronary artery bypass grafting, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi ala hou e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kahe koko. Ke lua o ka hana - intravascular stenting, pili i ke kau ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao i pili i ka stent, e hoʻonui ana i ka lumen vascular.
Eia kekahi, me ka maʻi o ka atherosclerotic, hiki ke hoʻōla i nā pōkole. ʻO ka hiʻona o ka ʻenehana ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi catheter i loko o ka palaki me kahi baluna e hoʻopili ʻia ana, e hoʻoheleleʻi iki ʻia.
Inā ʻaʻole hiki ʻia ka luina pelopula, hoʻohana ʻia ka angioplasty laser.
I ka wā o ka hana, hoʻihoʻi ka mea maʻi i ke ʻano a me nā hana i hoʻopiha ʻia o nā moku i hoʻopilikia ʻia ma o ka mea o ka laser.
Hoʻomaopopo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā hopena kūlohelohe
ʻO ke kumu alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi atherosclerotic he kolamu koko nui. ʻO ka hōʻohi pinepine ʻana o ka LDL i nā moku e alakaʻi i ka pōʻino, nui i nā meaʻai maikaʻi a me nā momona. No laila, ʻo ka nānā ʻana i kahi meaʻai kūikawā ua manaʻo ʻia he kūlana koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻihoʻi.
ʻO ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e haʻalele i ka momona momona (puaʻa, kuhikukiki, keiki hipa) a me ka offal (ʻāʻomaʻa, ʻōpala). Pono ʻoe e kāpīpī i ka komo ʻana o ka paʻakai, nā sweets, kekahi momona o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā holoholona. ʻO ka papa inoa kekahi o nā ʻai, nā ʻai momona, nā kākoi, ka meaʻai wikiwiki, nā mea momona.
Me ka atherosclerosis, ua kuhikuhi aku nā mea hānaiʻai e hoʻopuka i nā meaʻai kolamu haʻahaʻa i loko o ka papaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā.
- nā lau momona (nā kukama, kamato, broccoli, zucchini, beets, ʻeha, kāloti);
- ʻāhā (ʻāoʻala o loko);
- huʻihuʻi;
- nā huaʻai (avocado, nā hua citrus);
- ʻaiʻai (ʻaina, hōkeʻoki, rabbit, veal);
- kinohi (nā ʻalemona);
- aila ʻaila ʻaila ʻole;
- iʻa (unsalted herring, tuna, hake);
- nā palaoa āpau maikaʻi;
- nā huahana paʻakai liʻiliʻi.
Ma ke ʻano he kōkua lapaʻau no ka ABS, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe. No ka hoʻoikaika nui o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular, hoʻohana ʻia nā huahana pi, nā hua maloʻi a me nā huaʻai. He hopena sedative he valerian, motherwort a me ka mint.
ʻO Calendula, horsetail, eleutherococcus, e hoʻopili i ka blackcurrant e hōʻea i ka arrhythmia. ʻO ka Lingonberry, clover, parsley, a me ka hawthorn i kahi hopena diuretic.
ʻO ka hopena paʻakikī o ka atherosclerosis he tincture o ke kāleka, ke kuʻi ʻana a i nā lau plantain paha. ʻAʻole kaʻoki maikaʻi he decoction o nā lau ʻōpala me ka hui pūʻana o ka meli me ka lemon.
Pehea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai i nā ipu o nā palaki kolesterol e wehewehe i ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.
