He pancveas ka pancreas, he ʻano o nā lobula he nui, aia kahi liʻiliʻi ma kahi liʻiliʻi mai kekahi mai, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā ʻāpana o ka pili hoʻohui. ʻO kēlā me kēia lobule he hōʻuluʻulu o nā mea huna epithelial o nā ʻano like ʻole, kahi i loaʻa ai ka wai o ka pancreatic wai.
I waena o nā sela o ka parenchyma aia kekahi mau selika kūikawā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā pua. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he mau moku ʻo Langerhans. Hoʻololi ke kumukūʻai mai ke 50 a 40 mau microns ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka huina o ka nui ʻaʻole ma mua o 3% o nā pancreas holoʻokoʻa o ka pākeke.
Nui lako a nā mokuhulu pancreatic i nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi a me nā kapillaries, ʻaʻole lako i nā kahawai excretory, akā naʻe, he pilikino kūloko, ma muli o lākou e hana pololei ai i nā hormones i loko o ke koko. Kau pū kekahi i nā kaʻina kalaiwa i ke kino o ke kanaka.
E noʻonoʻo i ke kino o ka pancreas, he aha ka intracretory a me nā hana exocrine o ke kino o loko.
Ke hana o ka pila i ke kino
Hoʻopumu ka ʻōnaehana digestive i nā ʻano like a me nā hormone. ʻElua kāna "mau hana" - ʻo ia ka hana endocrine o ka pancreas (nā inoa ʻē aʻe - endocrine, intracecretory) a me ka hana exocrine - hana exocrine.
Aia ka ʻōpū kū i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Mālama ia i ka paia o ka ʻōpū, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka pae o ka vertebrae lumbar mua. He aneane kēia ma luna o ka navel 10 mau kenimika kokoke i ka ʻaoʻao hema.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o kahi ʻāpana he loaʻa nā māhele. Ua māhele ʻia ia i ke poʻo a me ka huelo, a me ke kino. ʻO ka hana nui o ka pancreas he mea nui nui no ka hana maʻamau o ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa. Ma nā hihia o nā mea kuhi hewa, ʻike ʻia kahi kaʻina hana hoʻonāukiuki. Inā ʻike ʻia ka dysfunction islet pancreatic, hoʻomohala ʻia ʻo diabetes mellitus i nā pākeke a me nā keiki.
Inā maʻi, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka pancreas he ʻōpū o ke ʻano o ka digestive, i ʻelua ʻāpana - he nui o nā kelepa liʻiliʻi a me nā alaloa e komo ai ka huna ʻana o ka pancreatic i ka duodenum.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka paona o ka mea maʻi ma mua o 80 g, e hoʻopuka ana i ka mea o 1500-2000 ml o ka wai pancreatic i kēlā me kēia lā, e hana ana i kahi hoʻouka ma luna o ia. Kūkulu ʻia ka mea huna me ka alakino alkaline, hoʻokaʻawale i nā hopena o ka wai o ka ʻōpū ma mua o ka meaʻai mai loko mai o ka ulia 12 duodenal. Pono kēia e hōʻae ʻole i ka waikila hydrochloric i nā membrane mucous.
Aia ke poʻo ʻāpana o ka pancreas e kokoke ana i ka duodenum, ma kēia wahi ke hana i ka punawai maʻamau, kahi e hoʻopili ai i ke kahawai e alakaʻi i ka bile.
Hana ka hana a Pancreas
ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana wai pancreatic he ʻano hana nui ka nui e loaʻa ana kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona. ʻO ka hana o nā puna hana, ka mea i kōkua i ka hana ʻana o nā mea i koi ʻia, e hoʻoneʻe ʻia e ka hana o ka pūnaehana neʻe.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ʻepekema nui e hoʻonui ka hana o ka pancreas ʻaʻole wale ke komo ʻana i ka meaʻai i loko o ke kino, akā i ka manawa e ʻai ai, ʻono o ka meaʻai, a he ʻōlelo wale nō paha. ʻO kēlā mau hana e pili ana i ka hopena o ka ʻona autonomic o ka wahī.
Ma ka huli ʻana, hoʻonui ka ʻāpana parasympathetic i ka hana pancreatic ma o ke ʻano o ke ake o ka huelo. A ke pili pono nei ka ʻoihana naʻau i ka hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka hana o nā huina launa.
ʻO ka hana maʻamau o ka pancreas ma muli o nā waiwai o ka hana huna o ka ʻōpū. Inā ʻike ʻia ka nui o ka acidity, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka mīkini, ma muli o kēia, ke hoʻonui ʻia ka hana o nā hoʻihoʻi o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana.
ʻO ka hoʻonui i ka acidity a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka duodenum e alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohalaʻana o nā mea i manaʻo ʻia i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hana o ka lula. ʻO kēia me nā secretin a me cholecystokinin.
ʻAʻole ke hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ka hana a ka gland, e hoʻonui ana i kāna hana, akā ua pale ʻia hoʻi. Kālele ʻia kēia ʻano me ka pūnaehana hoʻohuihui ʻoia me ka:
- Somatostatin;
- Hoʻolau.
Kuhi hewa ʻia ke ʻano o ke ʻano o loko: pili ia i ka meaʻai maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā, i kau ʻia e ka poʻe. Inā nui ka nui o ka protein i ka meaʻai - ua hana nui ʻia ka trypsin, inā he momona - a laila lipase.
Hoʻolaha ka hana
ʻO nā hana exocrine a me intrasecretory o ke pancreas kahi kuleana no nā kaʻina he nui i ke kino kanaka. Hana ʻia ka hana Exocrine i ka wā o ke kahe ʻana o ka meaʻai. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia, hiki i ka hao ke hoʻohua a hiki i 2000 ml o ka pancreatic wai i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO ia kahi mea huna i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka meaʻai, ʻoiai ke komo pū me nā enzyme digestive e wāwahi ana i nā kumuwaiwai e komo i ke kino me ka meaʻai.
Ua wehe ʻia ka wāwahi o nā hāmeʻa, ka protein a me nā momona momona i nā molekele liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi kekahi i hoʻopili ʻia e nā enzyme i kahi kūlana i ʻae ʻia, a ma hope ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o loko o kahi ʻāpana.
Hoʻomo ka wai o ka pancreatic i ka duodenum - ke ʻano like o ka neʻe osmotic like me ka kaila koko. ʻO ka hapa nui he wai ia a me electrolyte, ʻo nā mea liʻiliʻi e loaʻa ana nā enzyme. Kūʻai mau ka ʻike o nā electrolytes.
I ke ao, ʻo ka pancreas e hana i ka 20 g o nā protein momona. ʻO kēia ka mea i hiki i ke kino i kona hiki ke hana i nā mea kūmole i noho i kahi kūlana i loko o ke kino. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻuʻana o nā enzymes e pili ana i ka hoʻouluʻana o ke kino. ʻO ke kaʻina hana i nā ʻāpana o ka huina. Hōʻalo ka hapanui secretogens i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka protein mai kahi pūnaewele hoʻonā.
ʻO nā enzymes e pili ana i ka hydrolysis o nā protein i loaʻa i ka pancreas i hoʻoholo ʻia i kahi hana ʻole. He ʻano kēia o ka palekana no ka pancreas mai ka pale ʻana i ka pilikino. Hoʻopau wale ʻia nā ʻEnema ma ka duodenum 12. Is the activok is enterokinase, synthesized by the intestinal mucosa.
ʻO kēia ke kumu e hana ai i ka hanana cascade o nā enzymes.
Haki Intracretory
ʻO ka ʻāpana intrasecretory o ka pancreas ke kuleana no ka kaila o ke kō o ke kō i loko o ke kanaka. Hoʻoponopono kekahi mau hormones i ka glucose. Hana ʻia kā lākou hana e ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā hana e hoʻomau ana. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili o nā pūpū (pancreatic islets) e hūnā ana i ka testosterone glukagon a me ka insulin.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Insulin i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kōpaʻa o ke kō, nā glucoseagon, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, e hoʻonui i ka ʻike. Inā nānā ka hemahema o ka insulin, a laila hele mai kahi maʻi maʻi - diabetes mellitus. He liʻiliʻi iki, a i ʻole hoʻi i ka ʻōpū i ka wā āpau.
Manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻano palupalu i kekahi o nā maʻi paʻakikī loa o ka pancreas o ka hūnā kūloko. I ka wā o ka papa o ka maʻi hānai, ka nui o ka hana o ke kino i loko, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻia o nā hoʻopiʻi. E kūʻē i ke kūmole o ka hemahema o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka glycemia, aia kahi hoʻoweliweli ʻaʻole wale no ke olakino, akā i ke ola o ka mea maʻi.
ʻO ka maʻi diabetes mellitus o kēia ʻano inoa:
- Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻano mua me ka hemahema o ka insulin, ʻoiai ʻo ka glucagon ma loko o nā palena maʻamau a i ʻole nā palena liʻiliʻi i ʻae ʻia.
- ʻO ke ʻano o ka maʻi e kū nei i kahi kūlike o ka nui o ka insulin, eia nō naʻe, ke hōʻike nei ka pale ʻana i ka insulin.
Hoʻololi ka hana intra-secretory o ka pancreas ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole - nā loli e pili ana i ka makahiki, ke kīpē, ka ikaika ole, ke ʻano o ka huina a ka huina, gastrointestinal tract, etc.
ʻVentionlelo Hoʻomaʻawale ʻO Dysfunction Organ
Ma kahi hihia kahi hanaʻino i ka pancreas, ʻike ʻia nā pilikia me ka hana o nā kino pilikino a me nā ʻōnaehana. ʻO ke pancreas he ʻano "capricious" kahi i loaʻa ka lua pā ma muli o ka hana.
Kāhua ka pakanui ʻo Gland. Hiki i ka hana nui (hyperfunction) a i ʻole ka lohi (hypofunction). Me ka mumū ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia ka pancreatitis. ʻO ka hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ka mea he pale i ka kaʻina hana.
Hiki ke hoʻopiʻi ka Gland i kekahi mau maʻi. Hoʻopili kēia i ka gastritis, duodenitis, nā ulia o ka ʻōpū a me ka duodenum. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia i ka papa inoa i ka cholecystitis maʻi, ka dyskinesia biliary, cholelithiasis a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.
E like me ka prophylaxis o kahi hewaʻole i ka pancreas, pono ʻoe e pili i nā ʻōlelo aʻo ʻana o nā mea lapaʻau:
- Kohi i ka ulaula, hoʻemi i ka inu ʻalo ʻana;
- Waiho i ka hoʻoikaika kino kino;
- E alakaʻi i kahi olakino olakino - ka meaʻai kūpono, pākeke - hanaʻeke, ka hana ʻana i ka hanu, kaʻauʻau, ka wai hoʻōmaʻomaʻo;
- Hana ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka nānā ʻana e kahi kauka, kahi nānā ʻōnohi o ka maʻi pehu;
- E kipa i ka gastroenterologist ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki.
I ka paleʻana o ka pancreatitis, nui ka nānā nui i ka meaʻai. Ma mua o 70% o nā hihia o ka pancreatitis e pili ana i ka hana ʻai kino a me ka hōʻino ʻana i ka wai ona. Pono ʻoe eʻai maʻamau, ʻai pinepine, i nā wahi liʻiliʻi. E hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai, kahi nui i nā huaora a me nā minela.
Hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi pancreatic e nā ʻano like ʻole. Inā pilikia ma ka ʻōpū o luna, nā pilikia o ke kūpaʻa, nausea, a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe, ke kiʻi ʻia nei e kipa i kahi keʻena lapaʻau i kahi maʻi maʻi.
Ke kūkā nei ke ʻano a me nā hana o ka pancreas i ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.
