ʻO ka maʻi LAD diabetes he latent autoimmune diabetes i nā pākeke. I ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, ke ʻano o kēia ʻano nā palolo i ka "latent autoimmune diabetes i nā pākeke". Hoʻomaka ka maʻi ma waena o ka makahiki 35 a me 65, akā i ka nui o nā hihia i ʻike ʻia ua hōʻike ʻia ma nā kānaka he 45-55 mau makahiki.
Hōʻano ʻia ia me ka mea ka hoʻonui o ka glucose i ke kino e loli ma ka moderately, kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka maʻi ua like like me nā hōʻailona i ka type II diabetes mellitus.
ʻO ka maʻi LADA (he inoa inoa ʻole kēia, kapa ʻia kēia manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo autoimmune diabetes mellitus i loko o ka hana lapaʻau), a ke ʻano ia i ia ʻano like me nā ʻano maʻi mua, akā hoʻomohala hou ʻo LADA maʻi maʻi. ʻO ia ke kumu i ka hana hope loa o ke ala i hōʻike ʻia e like me ka maʻi mellitus type 2.
I ka lāʻau lapaʻau, aia kahi maʻi MODY, e pili ana i kekahi ʻano maʻi o ka maʻi mellitus o subclass A, ʻike ʻia e kahi ʻano maʻi, e kū mai ka hopena o nā papa pancreatic.
E ʻike ai i ke ʻano o ka maʻi LADA, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka maʻi o ka maʻi a me nā hōʻailona e hōʻike ai i kona ulu? Eia kekahi, pono ʻoe e ʻike pehea e hoʻohālikelike ai i kahi palolo, a me ka mea e kuhikuhi ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa
Hāʻawi ʻia ka huaʻōlelo LADA i kahi maʻi autoimmune i nā pākeke. Pono ka poʻe e hāʻule i kēia pūʻulu i ka mālama pono ʻana me ka insulin hormone.
E pale aku i ke ʻano o ka pathology i loko o ka mea maʻi ma ke kino, ua ʻike ʻia ka pala o nā cell pancreatic, nona ke kuleana o ka insulin. Pēlā, ʻike ʻia nā kaʻina kūwaho o kahi ʻano autoimmune i ke kino o ke kanaka.
Ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa olakino, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolohe i nā inoa he nui o ka maʻi LADA. Ke kapa aku nei kekahi mau kauka i kahi maʻi holomua holomua, kapa kekahi i ke ʻano maʻi diabetes "1.5". A wehewehe maʻalahi ʻia kēlā mau inoa.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka make ʻana o nā kelepona āpau o ka insularus pili ʻana i ka hiki ʻana i kekahi mau makahiki, i ka nui - 35 a ʻoi paha ia 35 makahiki, e hele mālie. ʻO ia ke kumu i pilikia pinepine ai ʻo LADA me nā maʻi maʻi type 2.
Akā inā e hoʻohālikelike aku iā ia, a laila hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻano like ʻole 2, me ka maʻi LADA, ua make loa nā maʻi pancreatic āpau, ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hāmeʻe e ke kino i loko o ka nui i koi ʻia. A hala ka manawa, pau ka hana ʻana.
Ma nā hihia lapaʻau maʻamau, hoʻokumu ʻia ka hilinaʻi nui o ka insulin ma hope o nā makahiki 1-3 mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ala o ke ʻano o ka maʻi mellitus, a hele pū me nā hōʻailona ʻano, i ka wahine a me nā kāne.
ʻO ke kaʻina o ka pathology ke kokoke kokoke i ke ʻano lua, a me ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki ke hoʻoponopono pono i ke kaʻina o ke kaʻina ma o ka hana kino a me ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana i ke olakino.
Kuhi o ka hoʻokolohua ʻana i ka maʻi LADA
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi autoimmune i ka pākeke he maʻi autoimmune i "hōʻailona" i ka poʻe ʻepekema i kēia manawa. Ma mua, ua loaʻa ka ʻano o kēia maʻi maʻi i ka maʻi o ke ʻano lua.
Ua ʻike nā mea āpau i ka maʻi maʻamau a me ka maʻi diabetes type 2, akā he nui nā kānaka i lohe i ka maʻi LADA. Me he mea lā, he aha ka ʻokoʻa o nā mea i ʻike ʻia e nā ʻepekema, no ke aha e hoʻopiʻi ai i nā ola o nā mea maʻi a me nā kauka? A nui loa ka ʻokoʻa.
Inā ʻaʻole maʻi ka mea maʻi me LADA, a laila e hōʻike ʻia ana ka mālama ʻana me ka ʻole o ka maʻi lā, a ua mālama ʻia ʻo ia e like me ka maʻi maʻamau o ka ʻano lua. Pēlā, e mālama pono ana i ka ʻai, ke ʻano pilikino, i kekahi manawa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kō koko koko.
ʻO kēlā mau papa, ma waena o nā hopena ʻē aʻe, e hoʻohālikelike ana i ka hana ʻana o ka insulin e ka pancreas, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o nā cell beta i ka palena o kā lākou hiki. A ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana o ia mau cell, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka wā o ka patele autoimmune, a loaʻa kēia hana.
- Ua ʻeha nā cell Beta.
- Hoemiia ka hana hone.
- Ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau.
- Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hana o nā koena piha.
- Hoʻonui ka maʻi Autoimmune.
- Make nā maʻi āpau.
Ke ʻōlelo nei ʻo ia ma ka awelika, ʻo ia mau kaulahao e loaʻa ai i nā makahiki he nui, a ʻo ka hopena, ʻo ia ka hoʻohemo ʻana o nā pancreas, kahi e hiki ai ke koho ʻia o ka maʻi insulin. Eia nō kekahi, pono e lawelawe ʻia ka insulin i nā papa haʻahaʻa, ʻoiai nui loa ia e hahai i kahi ʻai ikaika.
I ka papa papa o nā ʻano maʻi diabetes mellitus type 2, ua nānā nui ʻia ka insulin i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E uhaʻi i ke kaulahao o ka pathology autoimmune, ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka maʻi LADA, pono e kuhikuhi ʻia ka mea maʻi e lawelawe i nā ʻōmole liʻiliʻi o ka hormone.
ʻO ka hoʻonāʻana i ka insulin maʻi mua e hoʻopili nei i kekahi mau pahuhopu nui:
- Hāʻawi i ka manawa hoʻomaha no nā cell beta. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hana ʻana i ka insulin, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o nā ʻāpana i nā ʻehaʻeha o ka autoimmune.
- Hōʻailona i kahi maʻi autoimmune i ka pancreas ma ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā autoantigens. ʻO lākou ka "pula ʻulaʻula" no ka pale ola o ke kanaka, a ua kōkua lākou i ka hoʻōla ʻana o nā kaʻao autoimmune, i hui pū ʻia e ka helehelena o nā antibodies.
- Ke mālama nei i ka kao o ka glucose i loko o ke kino o nā mea maʻi ma ka pae i koi ʻia. Loaʻa nā maʻi maʻi āpau i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō ma ke kino, ʻo ka wikiwiki ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hoʻopiʻi.
I kēiaʻano, ʻaʻole e ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes o ka autoimmune 1, a ʻo kona nānā ʻana i ka wā mua e ʻike pinepine ia. Eia nō naʻe, inā hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka maʻi i ka hoʻomaka mua, a laila hiki no ke hoʻomaka e hoʻomaka i ka ʻomo ʻana i ka insulin ma mua, nāna e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ke koena o ka hormone pancreatic ponoʻī iho.
He mea koʻikoʻi ka mālama ʻana i ke koena huna iki, a aia kekahi mau kumu no ka: ma muli o ke ʻano hana o ka hana kūloko, ua lawa pono ia no ka mālama pono ʻana i ka ʻike o ka glucose i loko o ke kino; ka emi o ka pilikia o ka hypoglycemia; nāwaliwali mua o ka patology e pale ʻia.
Pehea e kānalua ai i kahi ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi maʻi?
Eia nō naʻe, hoʻokahi kiʻi o ka maʻi maʻi o ka maʻi e hōʻike nei e loaʻa i ka mea maʻi i ka maʻi maʻi autoimmune. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā ʻōmaʻomaʻu mai ka ʻano maʻamau o ke ʻano no ka hoʻoliʻa gula.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona i loko o nā mea maʻi: mau ka nāwaliwali mau, nā helehelena, nā maʻi hōʻeha, ka huki ʻana o nā mea ʻoi aʻe (maʻamau), ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kino (ʻokoʻa aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau), hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka urine, hoʻemi ʻia ke kaumaha o ke kino.
A eia hoʻi, inā ua paʻakikī ka maʻi maʻi e ka ketoacidosis, a laila ua make nui ka makewai, ka malo maloʻo, nā puka a me ka puhipuhi, ka pākela i ka alelo, aia kahi ʻano ʻano o ka acetone mai ka waha waha. He mea kūpono hoʻi ia e hiki ke hiki iā LADA ke hele me kahi ʻole o nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona.
Loaʻa ka maʻamau maʻamau o ka patology mai ka 35 a 65 mau makahiki. Ke hōʻike nei ka maʻi i ka maʻi mellitus type 2 i kēia makahiki, pono nō ia e nānā pono e like me nā kuleana ʻē aʻe e pale ai i ka maʻi LADA.
Hōʻike nā hōʻike e pili ana i ka 10% o nā maʻi e lilo i "nā mea nona" o ka maʻi maʻamau i latimmune. Aia kekahi mahele maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻamau o 5 mau paila:
- ʻO ka hapa mua mua e pili ana i ka makahiki ke loaʻa ka maʻi ma mua o ka makahiki he 50.
- Ke hōʻike nei i kahi ala o nā pathology (ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua mau wai o ka urine i kēlā me kēia lā, ke minamina mau nei au i ka make wai, e hoʻi ana ke kanaka i ka momona, ʻike ʻia ka nawaliwali a me ka luhi.
- ʻO kaʻoi aku o ka umauma kino o ka maʻi ʻoi aku ma mua o 25 mau papa. I nā huaʻōlelo, ʻaʻole ia e kau i ka paona nui.
- Aia nā kuʻuna autoimmune i ka mōʻaukala.
- ʻO ka heleʻana o nā maʻi autoimmune i nā pili pili pono.
Manaʻo nā mea nāna e hoʻohiki i kēia pane inā inā pane maikaʻi nā nīnau i nā nīnau mai zero a i hoʻokahi, a laila hiki ke hoʻonui i kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ke kaohi maʻi ma mua o 1%.
I ka hihia i loaʻa ma mua o ʻelua mau pane kūpono (ʻelua komo), loaʻa ke pilikia o ke kūkulu ʻana i ke kaila 90%, a ma kēia hihia, pono kahi noiʻi noiʻi.
Pehea e hoʻokolohua ai?
E hōʻike i nā maʻi kuʻuna i nā pākeke, nui nā hana diagnostic, akā ʻo ka mea nui loa he ʻelua mau loiloi, e hoʻoholo ʻia.
ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka paʻa o ka anti-GAD - antibodies e glutamate decarboxylase. Inā maikaʻiʻole ka hopena, a laila e hoʻopau i kahi ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi maʻi. Me nā hopena maikaʻi, ʻike ʻia nā antibodies, kahi e hōʻike ana i ka mea maʻi i ka hiki ke hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pathology LADA kokoke i 90%.
Hoʻopili ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka hopena o ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana o ka maʻi ma ka ʻike ʻana i nā antibodies ICA i nā lālau islet pancreatic. Inā kūpono nā pane ʻelua, a laila e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano maʻi maʻamau o ka maʻi LADA.
ʻO ka lua o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana ka wehewehe o C-peptide. Hoʻoholo ʻia ia ma kahi ʻōpū ʻole, a ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana. ʻO ke ʻano maʻi maʻi maʻamau (a me LADA kekahi) ʻano like me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o kēia ʻano.
Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hoʻouna mau nā kauka i nā mea maʻi a pau i ka makahiki 35-50 mau makahiki me ka maʻi o ka maʻi mellitus o ka maʻi diabetes mellitus i nā haʻawina hou e hōʻoia ai a haʻalele paha i ka maʻi LADA.
Inā ʻaʻole kaukaʻi ke kauka i kahi noiʻi hou aʻe, akā kānalua ka mea maʻi i ka maʻi maʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke pili me kahi kikowaena diagnostic uku me kāu pilikia.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi
ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka lapaʻau ka mālama i ka hana o ka hormone pancreatic ponoʻī. I ka wā e hiki ai ke hoʻopau i ka hana, hiki i ka mea maʻi ke ola i kahi ʻelemakule loa, me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā pilikia a me nā hoʻopiʻi o kāna maʻi.
Ma ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻo LADA, pono koke koke ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a mālama ʻia ka hormone i nā dosis liʻiliʻi. Inā ʻaʻole hiki i kēia ke hana i ka manawa, a laila e hōʻike ʻia “ma ka piha”, a e hoʻomohala ʻia nā hoʻopiʻi.
I mea e pale ai i nā cell beta pancreatic mai ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana, pono ke koi ʻia nā insulin. No ka mea he "pale ʻia" lākou o ke kino pilikino mai kā lākou iho ola kino. A ʻo ka mea mua, pono ko lākou pono e pale, a aia wale nō i ka lua - e mālama i ke kō i ka pae i koi ʻia.
ʻO ka algorithm no ka mālamaʻana i ka maʻi LADA:
- Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kākoi liʻiliʻi (kaʻai ʻai liʻiliʻi).
- Pono e inuhi i ka insulin (he mea hoʻohālike ʻo Levemir). Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka insulin Lantus, akā ʻaʻohe mea e minamina ai, no ka mea e hoʻoheʻe ʻia ʻo Levemir, akā ʻo ka lua o ka lāʻau, ʻaʻohe.
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka insulin, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole i hoʻonui ka glucose, a mālama ʻia ma kahi kūlana maʻamau.
Ma ka maʻi diabetes, LADA, pono ke nānā pono ʻia o nā kauka kauka, ʻike ʻole ʻia ka mālama ʻana iā ia iho a me nā mea ʻino.
Pono ʻoe e kiaʻi pono i ke kō o kāu koko, e ana ʻo ia i nā manawa he nui i ka lā: i ke kakahiaka, ke ahiahi, ke ahiahi, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, a i kekahi mau manawa i ka hebedoma e ʻōlelo ʻia e ana i ka waiwai o ka glucose i waena o ka pō.
ʻO ke ala nui e mālama ai i ka maʻi hānai he haʻahaʻa-kāʻai haʻahaʻa, a laila ke ʻano wale nō i nā hana kino, insulin a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. I ka maʻi maʻi, ʻo LADA, pono ia e hoʻokomo i ka hormone i kekahi hihia, a ʻo ia ka mea nui i waena o nā pathology. ʻO ke wikiō i kēia ʻatikala e haʻi aku iā ʻoe i ka mea e hana ai me ka maʻi diabetes.
