Protafan - nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī no ka hoʻohana

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ʻO ka Diabetes mellitus e pili ana i nā maʻi maʻi systemic e pili ana i nā kino āpau. Hoʻohui ka hana hoʻohālikelike o ka hoʻomohala ʻana me kahi kaohi ʻana o ka insulin hormone, nona ke kuleana no ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka glucose i nā cell. ʻO ka hopena, aia ka hemahema o ka metabolism, ke piʻi aʻe o ka nui o ka glucose i loko o ke koko. ʻO ka maʻi o ka maʻi mellitus ka maʻi palupalu e iho ai i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hormone ola.

Ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi laina o nā insulins artifisial. ʻO kekahi o lākou ʻo Protafan. Aia nā ʻōlelo e hoʻohana ai i ka ʻike piha pono e pono ai no ka hoʻohana kūʻokoʻa ʻana o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau koʻikoʻi.

Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana

ʻO ka hana ikaika ka insulin kanaka, synthesized e nā ʻenehana ʻenehana genetic. Loaʻa i nā palapala hoʻohālikelike:

  1. "Protafan NM": kahi i ke kaʻa nei kēia i nā kiola, kēlā me kēia 10 ml, ka neʻe ʻana o ka insulin o 100 IU / ml. ʻO ka pahu wīwī iā 1 mauʻaina.
  2. "Protafan NM Penfill": cartridges i loaʻa iā 3 ml (100 IU / ml) kēlā me kēia. I loko o hoʻokahi pahu - 5 mau kāwele, i ka pahu - 1 blister.

Nā mea kūʻokoʻa: wai no ka injection, glycerin (glycerol), fenol, sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, protamine sulfate, metacresol, sodium hydroxide a / a me ka hydrochloric acid (e hoʻoponopono i ka pH), zinc klorida.

Ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO "Protafan" e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hypoglycemic o ka lōʻihi lōʻihi. ʻO ke kumu nui e hōʻoia i ka komo ʻana o ka glucose ma o ka membrane pili.

Hoʻohui hou ia nā ʻōnaehana penei:

  • Hoʻonui ia i kahi helu o nā enzyme e pono ai no ke ola - glycogen synthetase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, hexokinase;
  • Hoʻopili i nā lipile adipose a me lipoprotein lipase;
  • Hoʻokomo i ka phosphorylation o nā protein kūlohelohe.

A ʻo kahi hopena, ʻaʻole i hoʻonui wale ʻia ka pōpilikia o ka glucose i loko o ke kō, akā ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻana me ka hoʻokumu ʻia o ka glycogen. Hoʻohui ʻia, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke ʻano o ka nui o nā protein cellular.

Nā kumuhana o ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Protafan

Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi ʻano maʻi maʻi. ^ E Ha yM. Ma ke ʻano I, hoʻomaka koke ka mālama ʻana me ia, ma ke ʻano II, hōʻike ʻia ʻo Protafan i nā hihia o ka like ʻole o ka derivatives o ka sulfonylurea, i ka wā hapai, i ka wā a ma hope o nā hana, ma ke ʻano o nā maʻi concomitant e hoʻopiʻi ana i ka papa o ka maʻi mellitus.

Lapaʻau Kauka

Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana i nā hola 1.5 ma hope o ka hoʻokele subutanutan. Ka hoʻokō nui - ma hope o 4-12 mau hola. ʻO ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa o ka hana he 24 mau hola.

ʻO kēia farmacokinetics wehewehe i nā loina maʻamau o ka hoʻohana "Protafan":

  1. ʻO ka mellitus e hilinaʻi ʻia i loko o ka insulin - e like me ka mea hana pono e hui pū me nā insulins pōkole hana.
  2. Mellitus non-insulin-non-kolo - ka monotherapy me kēia aelike a hui pū me nā mea hana wikiwiki.

Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka mālama ʻana i ka mono, ua ʻoki ʻia i mua o ka ʻai. Ma ka hoʻohana maʻamau, hoʻokele ʻia i hoʻokahi lā (i ke kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi).

ʻO ka nīnau paha inā hiki ke hōʻole ʻia ʻo Protafan me ka maʻamau ʻole kahi pane maikaʻi ʻole; ʻo ia ke kumu maʻamau no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi i hiki ʻole ke ʻae ʻia.

Ke ʻano o ka noi

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo o ka ʻili. ʻO ka wahi kahiko ko ka ʻāpana. Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻākina i loko o ka ʻāina o ka paia o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, nā poki, a me nā ʻalā o deltoid ma ke lima. Pono ka wahi o ka injection e pale aku ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka lipodystrophy. Pono e huki pono i ka pale ʻili e pale i ka intramuscular ingress o ka insulin.

KAHAKAI! Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hoʻoponopono Intravenous i ka insulin a me kāna hoʻomākaukau e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kekahi kūlana.

Ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka peni syringe no ka insulin "Protafan"

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i nā palapala lapaʻau lōʻihi e koi i ka maʻalahi o kēia kaʻina hana. No kēia hana, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi peni syringe, hoʻopihapiha ʻia me nā cartrid ʻo Protafana.

ʻO kēlā me kēia mea maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi e ʻike i nā ʻōlelo aʻo no kona hoʻohana ʻana ma ka naʻau:

  • Ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻi ʻana i ka pahu hana, e nānā i ka ʻinikini i mea e hōʻoia pono ai ka ʻae ʻana.
  • E nānā e nānā pono i ka pahu kūwau: inā he pōʻino iā ia a i ʻike ʻia ka pohō ma waena o ka lipine keʻokeʻo a me ka piston pulupulu, a laila ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia kēia palaki.
  • Hana ʻia ka membrane ʻōpala me kahi disinfectant e hoʻohana ana i ka swab cotton.
  • Ma mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka pahu pahu, hoʻomake ka ʻōnaehana. No ka hana i kēia, hoʻololi i ke kūlana i ka neʻe o ka aniani i loko mai o kekahi kihi a i kekahi ma kahi o 20 mau manawa. Ma hope o kēia, e lilo pōkole nā ​​wai.
  • ʻO kēlā mau pahu pahu i loaʻa ma ka liʻiliʻi loa he 12 mau papa o ka insulin e pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e like me ke ʻano i hōʻike ʻia ma luna. ʻO kēia ka laima liʻiliʻi loa no ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka peni ʻili.
  • Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana ma lalo o ka ʻili, pono e noho ma laila ka pono no ka liʻiliʻi o 6 kekona. ʻO kēia wale nō e komo loa ai ka maʻi.
  • Ma hope o kēlā me kēia inikini, lawe ʻia ka welu i ka syringe. Pale kēia i ka leakage waʻa ʻole o ka wai lae, ke alakaʻi nei i kahi loli i ke koena e waiho ʻia.

Mālama: ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka pahu like ʻole i ʻelua mau manawa, e hoʻoiho me ka insulin ʻōwili, me nā pōʻino o ka pākeke, inā he wai ʻaʻa ʻana ma hope o ke kāwili ʻana, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ke ʻano ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo.

Pau nā mea i luna aʻe e hōʻike ana i ka hopena o nā loli o ka insulin i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole kona hiki ʻole ai, hiki ke hana i ka nele o nā hopena a me nā hopena olakino.

ʻĀʻao

ʻO kēlā me kēia maʻi i ka maʻi diabetes kona iho pono a me ka pinepine o ka lawelawe ʻana i nā insulin. Ua helu ʻia ʻo ia e ka endocrinologist kū hoʻokahi, ma muli o ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose a me ka hana o kāna iho ponoʻī.

Ke nānā ʻole nei i ka dosages a me nā ʻōlelo a ke kauka e alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hoʻopiʻi kino loa o ka maʻi insulin: hyp- a i ʻole hyperglycemic coma, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka make o ka mea maʻi.

ʻO nā kumuhana ākea no ke koho ʻana i ka pona o "Protafan":

  1. Pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hāʻawi i kahi pono o ka physiological no kahi hormone, ʻo ia ʻo 0.3-1 IU / kg / lā.
  2. Pono ka loaʻa ʻana o ka insulin e hoʻonui i ka pono pono, a no laila e loaʻa mai ka nui o ka lāʻau. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia ma ka wā ʻōpiopio a i ʻole nā ​​mea maʻi me ka momona.
  3. Inā mālama ka mea maʻi i ke koena synthesis o kona iho ponoʻī, a laila e hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano i lalo.
  4. ʻO nā maʻi maʻi o ka pūpū a me nā puʻupaʻa e hōʻemi i ka pono o ke kino no ka insulin.
  5. ʻO kahi criterion no ka maʻa pono he pae maʻamau o ka glucose i loko o ke koko. Pono kēia i nā mālama maʻamau o kēia hōʻailona.

ʻO ka hoʻokō e pili ana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a pau no ka hoʻopuka ʻana o "Protafan" alakaʻi i ka hoʻokūpaʻa ʻana i ka pehu o ka puhaka o ka pehu a me nā mea hoʻopiʻi koʻikoʻi o ke ʻano o nā hoʻopiʻi maʻamau o ka maʻi.

ʻO nā hopena ʻino

ʻO ka hapanui kūpono loa ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o ka hana o ka insulin i ka hana hewa ʻana o ka regimen dosage. ʻO ka mea weliweli i waena o lākou he kūlana hypoglycemic. Ke kū mai nei ia ma muli o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o kahi nui o ka insulin e nui nui ana i kona mau pono.

Ma muli o kēia, ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui ʻia ka ʻike o ka glucose i loko o ke koko, hoʻomaka nā neurons utakona e ʻike i ka nele o ka ikehu, a nalowale kekahi kanaka. I ka lilo ʻole o ke kōkua no ka pilikia, e hoʻomoʻi ka coma a me ka make.

ʻO nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a pili pū i nā hopena maikaʻi o nā lāʻau o ka lāʻau. E pili ana kēia:

  • Allergic hopena pili. Mai nā pāpale haʻahaʻa a me nā rashes i ka hopena ākea: rashes a puni ke kino, ka huehue ʻana i nā kiko, kahe I nā hihia koʻikoʻi loa - nāwaliwali a me ka nalo o ka naʻau.
  • Nā hōʻailona neurological. Hōʻike ʻia ka neuropathy peripheral e nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole: hōʻino i ka ʻoihana hoʻonaninani autonomic, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka naʻau a me ka ʻeha i loko o nā limu, paresthesia.
  • Mai ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino o ka hihiʻo. Kekahi luhi, he hewa refactive i hala, e hele mau ana ma hope o kahi manawa. I ka hoʻomaka mua o ka hoʻōla, hiki i ka exacerbation o ka retinopathy diabetes.
  • ʻO ka ʻili a me ke kiko kikoʻī. Me ka hoʻokele lōʻihi o ka insulin ma ka wahi hoʻokahi, ulu ka lipodystrophy.
  • Nā kūloko kūloko. Hoʻokumu i ka wahi o ka hoʻokele lāʻau: nā ʻulaʻula, ka huehue o nā kiko, ka mea ʻeha, ka hematoma. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, nalowale lākou me ka pā.

Pono kēlā me kēia kanaka me ka lolo maʻamau i ka algorithm no ke kōkua ʻana i kahi kūlana hypoglycemic.

I kahi hihia maʻalahi, ke kani wale nei ka nā maʻi a me ka nāwaliwali, pono ke ʻai i ka mea maʻi i kahi huahana me nā haʻahaʻa glucose kiʻekiʻe. Inā kīnā ʻole ʻia ka ʻike, he 40% kaila o ka glucose, i / m 0.5-1 mg o ka glucagon e lawelawe ʻia iv.

Nā Hoʻohui

ʻAi ʻia ka "Protafan" i ʻelua mau hanana: ʻelua mokuahi hypoglycemic a me ka palaualelo ʻole i kekahi o nā ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana.

Hoʻopili pū me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe

ʻO ka maʻi mellitus ka maʻi maʻamau he maʻi maʻamau i alakaʻi pinepine ʻia i nā hoʻopiʻi mai nā nui o ke kino. No kā lākou hoʻomaʻamaʻa, kuhikuhi ʻia ka mea maʻi i ka kūpono kūpono. Nui nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili pono ana i ka pono o ke kino no ka insulin (hoʻonui a hoʻohena paha). I ka hihia o kā lākou hui pū ʻana me Protafan, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano.

Hoʻonui i ka hopena o "Protafan"

  • ʻO nā huahana āpau e loaʻa ka ethanol. ʻO kā lākou papa inoa he nui, no laila, i ka wā e noi ai i kahi lāʻau hou, pono ia e aʻo i kāna ʻano kikoʻī;
  • ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-hoʻohuli i ka enzyme) - kahi hui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana nui ʻia e mālama i ka hypertension;
  • ʻO MAO inhibitors (monoamine oxidases) - antidepressants i hoʻohana ʻia i ka psychiatry;
  • Nā beta-blockers (ʻaʻole-koho lūlū) - ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi i ka cardiology;
  • Nā mea hoʻoponopono maʻaila;
  • ʻO ka huaʻōlelo oral Hypoglycemic;
  • ʻO nā inhibitor anhydrase carbonic, aia i loko o nā diuretics he nui;
  • Hoʻomoe a Lithium;
  • Tetracycline antibiotics a me sulfonamides;
  • Pyridoxine (ʻ Blelo B6);
  • ʻO Ketoconazole he mea lawelawe antimycotic;
  • Cyclophosphamide - kahi lāʻau lapaʻau antitumor;
  • ʻO ke clofibrate - hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol koko;
  • ʻO Fenfluramine kahi mea hoʻoponopono ʻoluʻolu;
  • Hoʻohana ʻia ka bromocriptine i ka gynecology;
  • ʻO theophylline kahi mea kaulana kaulana ʻo bronchodilator;
  • He ʻano anthelmintic ʻo Mebendazole.

I nā poʻe maʻi e koi ana i ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ia e hoʻemi i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka insulin.

E hōʻemi i ka hopena o "Protafan"

  • ʻO nā hormones thyroid i hoʻohana no ka hoʻololi hoʻokolohua hypothyroidism;
  • Ka hoʻolōʻihi i ka poli kalule blockers (calcium antagonists), i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka mālama maʻi hypertension;
  • ʻO nā hui kūlohelohe;
  • ʻO Sympathomimetics, ka mea i kaulana loa ʻo ia ʻo Ephedrine;
  • Thaizide diuretics;
  • Nā ʻōlelo hoʻonaninani;
  • Tricyclic antidepressants;
  • ʻO Clonidine kahi mea maʻi hypotensive;
  • ʻO Phenytoin he mea antiepileptic;
  • Diazoxide me kahi hopena diuretic a me ka hypotensive;
  • Ka ulu lāʻau (ulu ulu);
  • Nicotinic acid;
  • Moramona;
  • Nikotine;
  • Heparin;
  • Ua hoʻohana ʻo Danazole e mālama i ka endometriosis a me kekahi mau momona o ka benign i ka gynecology.

Ke hana nei kekahi mau lāʻau a me nā mea ʻenekini i nā ala like ʻole, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka kāohi ʻana i nā hopena o Protafan. ʻO kēia mau mea waiʻona, octreotide / lanreotide, reserpine, salicylates.

No nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka insulin, ua pili ke kānāwai - i hoʻohana pū ʻia me nā lāʻau ʻae ʻia i hōʻoia ʻia, ka hōʻoia e hōʻoia ʻia e ka noiʻi ʻana.

Nā kūlana mālama

ʻO ka mālama pono ʻana o Protafan e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka mālama ʻana i ka kukuna o ka insulin i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻo ia ka mea e pale ai i nā hōʻeha he nui.

  1. Aia ka pahu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka pahu lewa (2-8 ° C), akā i kahi mamao loa mai ka pahu manuahi. Ke papa ʻia ʻole ka ʻili. ʻO 30 mau huaʻōlelo.
  2. Mālama ʻia ka peke wehe e mālama ʻia ana ma ke keena o ka lumi ʻaʻoleʻoi aku ma mua o 25 ° C no 6 mau pule. Mālama ʻia mai ka mālamalama.

Pono e pale ʻia ka lāʻau i nā keiki. Loaʻa i loko o nā mea kūʻai me ka laʻana. ʻO ka kumukūʻai kumukūʻai ʻo 350-400 mau rubles no ka hue, 800-100 mau rubles no nā pahu lāʻau. ʻO kekahi mau mea kikoʻī kekahi me ka uku (no ka laʻana ʻo Humulin NPH), ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ma mua o ke kumukūʻai (Insuman Bazal GT, Biosulin N).

Nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī

ʻAʻohe kahi trifles i ka mālamaʻana i ka maʻi mellitus no ka maʻi maʻamau me Protafan. Kākau mākou i kekahi o nā "subtleties" kahi e hilinaʻi ʻia ke ola o ka mea maʻi.

  1. Ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke hele mai kahi kūlana o ka hyperglycemia (nāwaliwali, nausea, waha maloʻo, nalowale o ka makemake, haʻi ʻia ka momona o ka acetone, urination pinepine, ʻulaʻula a me ka maloʻo e hoʻonui pinepine ʻia).
  2. Inā i ka wā e mālama ai he pilikia koʻikoʻi, nā maʻi (ʻoi aku ka maʻi o ka maʻi), a i ʻole ka hoʻoikaika kino kino, hoʻonāukiuki kēia i ka hypoglycemia.
  3. Ke lawe ʻia nei o ka lāʻau lapaʻau me kekahi ʻano o ka insulin (a i ʻole ka lāʻau o kahi ʻokoʻa like) e hana ʻia ma lalo o ka mākaʻi a me ka mālama mau ʻana i nā pae koko koko.
  4. Ma mua o kahi huakaʻi lōʻihi me kahi loli o nā manawa lōʻihi, pono e ʻike ka mea maʻi i ka endocrinologist.
  5. ʻAʻole noʻonoʻo ʻia ka Protafan NM no kahi konne i insulin.

ʻAʻole komo ka lāʻau i ka plental, no laila e hiki i nā wahine hāpai. He mea kūpono i ka hoʻoponopono 'ana i ka maʻi ma muli o ka lōʻihi o ka hapai (ma ka trimester mua, nui ka makemake o ka insulin, a laila hoʻonui pinepine ʻia, a ma hope o ka hānau keiki.

I ka wā o ka umauma, pono ʻoe e hoʻoponopono i ke ʻano o ka Protafan.

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