Nui nā kūkākūkā e pili ana i nā pono a me nā hanaʻino o nā mea aloha a me nā mea aloha.
Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e noʻonoʻo i ka mea momona kūpono a me ka honi gula, e hoʻākāka ʻia kahi ʻōhua e wehewehe i nā mea ʻike ʻole i ka loea no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka momona o nā mea momona.
Pehea e ana ʻia ai ka momona?
Kūpono loa ka manaʻo o ka ʻono a hiki ke loli ma ka hoʻokahi hoʻokahi - ma muli o ke ʻano pilikino kūikawā, a hilinaʻi hoʻi i ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana ʻono.
Ma kekahi mau kūlana, hiki i nā ʻokoʻa ke ʻano he radical (ʻo ka mea heluhelu heluhelu makemake, e nānā i kahi ʻatikala Wikipedia e pili ana i nā hopena o ka miloliha), a no laila e hoʻomaʻemaʻe nā ʻāwīwī i nā waha i ka mea me ka "neutralizing" i nā waena ma waena o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka ʻono o ka huahana (pinepine me ka wai maʻemaʻe) a i ʻole inu wai iʻa.
Pono ia e hoʻomaopopo i ka paʻakikī o nā pua momona e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻike hoʻāʻo: ʻo ka mea maʻamau ia he ʻano ʻano S - me kahi haʻahaʻa (ʻokiʻoki) a me ka paepae kiʻekiʻe (saturation).
No laila, e hoʻohālikelike i ka ʻike o ka ʻono mai nā mea like ʻole, e hoʻomau e like me kēia: me ka "ʻaukā momona" e hana i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo 5-10% hou (pono hou e pili ana i ka hiki ke kūlohelohe kūwaho o kēia disaccharide i loko o kāna mau konohono α-glucose a me β-fructose) a hoʻohālikelike mau i nā ʻike mai ia mea a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.
Inā “ʻaʻole kaulike” ka ʻono makaʻa, a laila hoʻoheʻe ʻia ka hopena hōʻike mua ma kahi helu nth o nā manawa (ʻoi aku ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka aupaʻa kālā - 2, 4, 8, a pēlā aku) a hiki i nā ʻano "coincide".
Hōʻike ka hoʻohālikelike loa nā koho āpau o ke ʻano momona, a ʻo kahi huaʻōlelo e like me ka "makana he ʻumi a ʻoi aku ka momona ma mua o ke kō. Ma ke ʻano he nui ʻana o ka wai. ka mea i lilo i, no ka hana, frankly paʻu).
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka mea momona a me ka manamana
Maʻalahi e hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā mea aloha e ʻoluʻolu i nā mea momona i hoʻohana ʻia e hāʻawi i ka ʻoluʻolu i kahi huahana meaʻai ma mua o ka honi - ʻoi aku ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā kalori ma ka pae like o ka momona momona.
Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka International Association of Manufacturers of sweeteners and Low-Calorie Products (Calorie Control Council), pono ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kōpili me ka frosose monosaccharide a me nā alia pōpio polyhydric e like me sorbitol a me xylitol, a me nā mea momona ʻē aʻe i pili ʻole i ka metabolism kanaka. i loko o kahi pūʻulu o nā mea aloha aloha.
Loaʻa nā pono a me nā hōʻino o nā analog analog
Mai ka hoʻomakaʻana o kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi, nā mea āpau, hoʻokahi ala a i ʻole ma ke kaʻina hana o ka metabolic e ke kino e hana ai i ka glucose, hiki i ka hoʻopilikia (a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi loa - e koi ana i ka noʻonoʻo ma ka pae kūlohelohe maʻamau).
No laila, ʻo fructose (he isomer o ka glucose ka hoʻololi maʻalahi i ia mea i loko o ke kino) a me ka sucrose (kahi disaccharide e hoʻohui pū i ke koena o ka fructose a me ka glucose) e hoʻopōʻino iā lākou, ʻoiai lākou i nā meaʻai waena mauʻu a me nā metabolite maʻamau no ke kino kanaka.
Pono e noʻonoʻo pono ʻia ʻo Aspartame, ʻoiai i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka ka decomposed i loko o ʻelua mau waikeka amino digestible a me kahi moliki methanol - a no kēia kumu ʻaʻole ia e ʻōlelo hōʻino maikaʻi ʻole iā ia (no ka laʻana, e lawe ana ma mua o 50 mg no ka pākeke o ka paona kino).
Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia nō hoʻi ia no ka poʻe e ʻeha nei i ka phenylketonuria, ʻo ia ke kumu e loaʻa ai ka huaʻai i ka aspartame i kahi ʻōmole "aia kahi kumu o ka phenylalanine" ma luna o ka paena.
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike pono ʻole e like me ka cyclamate a, inā paha, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka saccharin i ka hapa nui ma muli o ko lākou uku maʻalahi - ʻo ia ke kumu i ʻike pinepine ai ʻoe i ka saccharin i ka mayonnaise a me nā huahana meaʻai i hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i "ʻenehana maʻalahi".
Ka helu ʻana o nā kōkōwai
Conventionally, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā kūlohelohe (he nui ka hoʻoilina kūlohelohe e like me nā mea "kūlohelohe" kūlohelohe i kekahi mau huahana) a me nā mea kūlohelohe (synthesized ma lalo o nā kūlana o kahi hana kemana).
Ma lalo iho nei kahi weheweheʻana pōkole o nā mea maʻamau maʻamau, e hōʻike ana i ko lākou helu helu ʻana i nā meaʻai me nā meaʻai ʻokoʻa (inā loaʻa) a me kā lākou "kūpono o ka momona" pili i ka sucrose.
Kalani
I ka kūlohelohe ʻana:
- friposa - ka laulā monosaccharide maoli, metabolite maoli a me ka glucose isomer (ʻoluʻolu 1.75);
- sorbitol (E420) - inu waiʻomaka hexatomic, maʻamau, ma ke kumu, me ka nui o ka ikehu ma mua o 1,5 mau manawa o ka sucrose (momona 0.6);
- xylitol (E967) - ka waiū pentatomic kūlohelohe, kokoke i ka sucrose i ka pae ʻana i ka ikehu (momona 1.2);
- kahiki (E960) - ʻaʻole ʻōʻino a maʻalahi i hōʻoli ʻia mai ke kino polycyclic glycoside i hana ʻia mai kahi koina o nā mea kanu o ka huaʻōlelo ʻo Stevia (momona 300).
Hoohuu
Nā hoʻoholo o ka pūʻulu o nā mea ʻoliʻoli:
- kāwila (sodium saccharinate, E954) - he hui heterocyclic o ka papa imide, i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka paʻakai sodium, he ʻāpana o ka ʻoniʻoni ma lalo o ka inoa inoa "sukrazit" (momona 350, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i kahi mea ʻono ʻokoʻa "maikaʻi ʻala" i loko o ka waha);
- kaomi (sodium cyclamate, E952) - kahi mea o ka papa sulfate, ua paʻa i ka carcinogen a me ka teratogen, no ka hoʻohana ʻana e nā wahine hāpai (momona 30);
- aspartame (methyl ester of L-α-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine, E951) - hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā protein, hana ʻia e ke kino, haʻahaʻa (ʻamiʻu 150);
- sucralose (trichlorogalactosaccharose, E955) - ke kumulala o chlorine, ʻo ke galactosaccharose, i hoʻohuihui ʻia mai ka puna (ka momona 500).
He aha nā mea momona e hiki ai i ka poʻe maʻi maʻi maʻi?
No nā koina hoʻohālikelike, pono e hoʻokaʻawale i ka maʻi maʻi i ka fructose a me ka cyclamate wale nō.
ʻOiai ka huahana sucralose e hua ʻia mai sucrose, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole ia he mea pōʻino i ka poʻe maʻi maʻi maʻi, no ka mea ua hoʻopau koke ʻia ka 85% mai nā paena hoʻokahi i komo i ke kino o ke kanaka, a ʻo ke koena 15% e hoʻokuʻu pinepine ʻia i loko o 24 mau hola.
Nā wikiō pili
E pili ana i nā pono a me ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā mea aloha i loko o ke wikiō:
