Ke hōʻike nei nā helu hoʻohuli i ka 90% o nā maʻi vascular e ulu ana ma o ka hiki ʻole o ka lipid metabolism. ʻO Cholesterol, nā pono o nā mea i kau aku i kona manaʻo, he palupalu lipophilic, kahi hapa o nā mea ola a pau loa.
Hoʻohana pū nā waiwai kūpono o ka waiwai i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o ke kaila ma waena o ka hanana a me ka permeability o ke membrane cell, ka hana ʻana o nā hormones a me nā ʻoliva, ka hopena antioxidant, detoxification o ke kino, a me ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi.
Hōʻike ʻia ka pōʻino o ka kolamu i ka nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻonanika atherosclerotic ma nā pā vascular, kahi hōʻemi o ka elasticity a me ka ʻāʻī ʻana o ka lumen o nā ʻāpana. Hiki ke ʻike ma ka ʻike ʻike ʻike.
ʻO ka ʻike nui e pili ana i ka manaʻo
ʻO Cholesterol he pūpū hui kūlohelohe i loaʻa i nā membrane o nā kōpona o nā mea ola a pau ma ka honua honua, koe wale nō nā fungi, nā mea kanu a me nā prokaryotes. I ke kino o ke kanaka, ʻo nā hui maʻamau e like me ka ate, nā ʻōpū, nā puʻuwai, nā kelepaʻi adrenal a me nā gonads ke kuleana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kēia ʻano. ʻO 20% cholesterol wale nō e hele mai i waho me ka meaʻai.
Nā wehewehe mua o ka waiwai i ka makahiki 1769. ʻO ka mea ʻepekema ʻo P. de la Sal ka mea i lawe ʻia mai loko mai o nā ʻōpala i kahi mea ʻono o ke kala keʻokeʻo, e loaʻa ana nā waiwai o nā ʻili. A laila ma 1789 A. Ua loaʻa iā Fourcroix ma kona ʻano pihi. Ua kū ka inoa ʻo "kolamu" ma muli o ka hana a M. Chevrel. Ma hope o 90 mau makahiki, ua hōʻoia ka ʻepekema Pelekane ʻo M. Berthelot e pili ana nā kohu i ke ʻano o nā alcohols, a kapa hou ia ʻo "kolesterol". I kēia manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā inoa ʻelua.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka waiwai i ka wai, akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ia i ka momona a i ʻole kahi kala kūlohelohe.
Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻelua ʻano o ke ʻano - lipoproteins density kiʻekiʻe (HDL) a me nā lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (LDL). Mahalo ia i ke ola ʻana o kēia mau ʻano i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka cholesterol i loko o "maikaʻi" a "maikaʻi."
Hoʻopili ka HDL i nā lipid i nā papa o nā cell, nā moku koko, nā ʻōpū puʻuwai, nā mea hōʻiliʻili, me ka pūpū a me ka puʻuwai, kahi e kū ai ka syntile bile. A laila e haki nā koloka "maikaʻi" a ua excreted.
ʻO ka LDL e hoʻoneʻe i nā lipids mai ka ate i nā mea āpau i ke kino. Hāʻawi ka nui o nā kālā i ke kālā ma nā paia vaskular, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā plak atherosclerotic. ʻO ke kaʻina pili i ka wā nui e hoʻopili i kahi paʻa o ka lumen o nā hāmā a me ke kahe koko.
Aia kekahi lipids kūleʻole, a i ʻole triglycerides, kahi mau kumua o nā glycerol a me nā momona momona. Ke hui pū ʻia me ka cholesterol, hoʻonā nā triglycerides i nā momona koko.
Hōʻike ʻia lākou he mau kumu no ka ikehu o ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
Loaʻa nā waiwai a me nā kāʻei i ke koko
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i ke koʻikoʻi o ka cholesterol no ke kino o ke kanaka.
ʻO kēia ʻōhumu organik, ʻo ia kahi hapa o nā sela, ke kuleana no nā ʻōnaehana he nui.
Loaʻa ʻia nā pōmaikaʻi o ka cholesterol ma o ka hoʻokō ʻana e ia o nā hana nui i ke kino.
ʻO kēia mau hana:
- Hoʻoulu i ka ʻōnaehana sentral sentral. ʻO ka waiwai ʻo ia kahi kahi o nā nerve nerve e pale aku iā lākou mai nā hōʻeha ʻeha. Hoʻohoui ʻo ia i ka hana ʻana o nā mea hoʻopuka nīne. Me kona nele ʻole, nā ʻano hemahema ʻē aʻe i ka hana ʻana o ka lawelawe lau o ka hanana ma waena.
- Hoʻomaka i ka hana ʻana o nā huaora a me nā hormone. Mahalo i nā huaʻala, nā huaʻai momona momona-hoʻōla, nā huahana a me nā hāmeʻa hāmeʻa. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ia ka vitamin D, cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone a me estrogen. ʻO ka mea nui ka mea nui o ka hana ʻana o ka huaʻī o K K, ʻo ia ke kuleana no ka hoʻomohala koko.
- Detoxification o ke kino a me ka hopena antioxidant. Mālama nā lipoproteins i nā sela ʻulaʻula mai nā hopena maikaʻi o nā mea laʻala. Ua hoʻohui ʻia ka hana antioxidant o ka cholesterol me ka nui o ke kaoʻi ʻana.
- Hoʻokomo i ka hoʻoponopono o ke kūloko o ka cell. ʻO kēia hana ka halihali i nā mea ikaika biologically ma o ke membrane cell.
- Kāohi ʻana i nā maʻi palia. ʻO ka noho ʻana o nā lipoproteins e pale i ka hoʻololi o ka maʻi benign i loko o ka malignant.
ʻO ke kumu o ka cholesterol i ke koko e pili ana i ka 3.8 a i 5.2 mmol / L. I mea e ʻike ai i kona pae, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia kahi koko.
Ma mua o kēia, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai a inu me ka liʻiliʻi i nā hola 10-12, no laila e mālama ʻia ana ka noi ʻana i ke kakahiaka.
ʻO nā mea hoʻonāukiuki lipid
Me ka hoʻonui nui o ka kolamu ma ka kahe koko a me LDL ("maikaʻi"), a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i HDL ("maikaʻi"), ke kīhā nei ka lipid metabolism. ʻO ke kaʻina hana a kēia ʻano kumu nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka atherosclerosis.
Eia naʻe, hoʻomau ke kūpaʻa o kēia kumu, no ka mea, i kekahi poʻe ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka cholesterol nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka atherosclerosis.
He mau maʻi ʻo Atherosclerosis kahi i hoʻopili ai i nā kīʻaha koko e nā mea he 50% ka nui o nā kolamu a me nā plaques. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i kaʻili o nā lumens a me ka nalowale o ka elasticity o nā kīnā. ʻO kaʻino i ka aorta a me nā moku cerebral e hoʻopilikia nui loa. Hoʻonui ʻo Atherosclerosis i ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka thrombosis, ka hōʻeha, ka puʻuwai naʻau, ka maʻi ʻōpū coronary, etc.
ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kekahi ʻano maikaʻi kekahi. ʻO kāna hemahema e lilo i kumu maʻamau o ka hemorrhage kūloko.
Nā huaʻai o ka cholesterol - oxysterols - lawe mai i ka pōʻino nui i ke kino. ʻO lākou nā mea ulu bioactive i loaʻa i kekahi mau meaʻai, no ka laʻana, nā huahana momona momona, nā iʻa a me ka iʻa, huaʻai yolks, etc.
Nā Palapala kūloko
ʻO ke kumu nui o ka mahuahua o ka kolamu ma ke koko he pōkole.
Ke noʻonoʻo nei i ka meaʻai maʻamau, ʻo ia hoʻi ka LDL, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia ʻano kuʻuna.
Aia kahi papa nui o nā huahana e hoʻohaʻahaʻa a hoʻonui i nā kolamu, i kūkākūkā ʻia ma hope aʻe.
I waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili pū i ke kaulike o nā lipoproteins, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia:
- Ke ʻano hana. I ka wā o ka ʻōpū, he pilikia maʻamau ʻo ka nohona kanaka hou. ʻO ka hana pilikino kūpono ʻole e alakaʻi i kahi pilikia o nā kaʻina āpau o ka metabolic i loko o ke kino, e komo pū ana me ka lipid. Ua hōʻike ʻia ma kahi ʻepekema ʻo ka poʻe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kekahi mau haʻuki a hula paha i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kolesterol "maikaʻi" ma mua o ka maikaʻi.
- ʻOi momona. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ia nei ma ka mua o nā manawa he 15 a ʻoi aku paha, aia kahi manawa kūpono e hoʻonui ai i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka LDL i ke kahe koko.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hōʻino o ka hana maikaʻi (ka wai ʻawa a me ka uahi) e pili ana i ka pae cholesterol.
ʻO ka hōʻino maikaʻiʻana i ka tapaa a me ka waiʻona e hoʻāla ai i ka hoʻopiʻi metabolic, no laila, hoʻonui ʻia ka "maikaʻi ʻole" kolamu ma kēia hihia he hanana maʻamau.
Hoʻololi a hoʻonui ʻia i ka meaʻai
ʻO kahi papaʻai ka mea e pale ai i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā momona, me ka kolamu, e komo ana i nā huahana i ka waiwai antioxidant. ʻO ka mea mua, he mau huaʻai kēia, nā mea kanu ʻai a me nā mea kanu.
E hoʻoliʻoli i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka kolamu ma ke kino, pono ʻoe e hahai i nā ʻōlelo maʻalahi:
- He pono e hoʻohana i nā berena mai ka palaoa wīwī, nā mea i hoʻomoʻa ʻia me ka bran, oatmeal a me ka oatmeal;
- mea maikaʻi loa ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua lāʻau ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā melemele, cranberry, oranges, tangerines, lemons a me nā hua citrus ʻē aʻe;
- ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohui i nā legumes i ka meaʻai - pīpī, soy, lentils, beans, loaʻa lākou i ka 15-20% pectins, e kōkua ana i ka haʻahaʻa kolikoli kiʻekiʻe;
- ua pono ke kolohe i nā ʻai ʻai i nā ʻai ʻana me ka ʻaila ʻaila - lāʻau ʻoliva, kālala a linseed paha;
- pono ia e hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā iʻa o nā momona momona, ʻo he ia i ka polyunsaturated fatty acid Omega-3, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uahi a hoʻomoʻi i ka ona, trout, sardine, mackerel, herring i kūpono loa;
- ʻO nā hua moa moa e ʻai ʻia ma nā koina helu, akā inā ʻaʻole kīpī e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou, komo lākou i nā huaora A a me E, a me nā pūmua, ʻo ka intake hebedoma he 3-4 hapa;
- Hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā mea ʻai no nā meaʻai, no ka laʻana, ka moa, ka pipi, ka peke, akā pehea ka lard, no ka mea he nui nā kānaka Slavic e like me kēia kīʻaha, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia kēia huahana, akā, i ka palena liʻiliʻi - 2-3 ʻāpana i ka 7 mau lā;
- hiki ke hoʻokomo i ka wai i loko o ka meaʻai, no kēia, ʻo Iapana he lōʻihi i lōʻihi, no ka laʻana, squid, ʻuma, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe;
- nā huahana waiū me ka nui o ka nui o ka momona e hoʻonui ai i ka cholesterol, no laila e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻole ʻana iā lākou a koho i nā huahana me ka momona 0-1.5%;
- ma ka laulā, ka mea inu ʻawaʻawa (vodka a pia paha) pōʻino no ke kino, eia naʻe, kahi aniani o ka ʻulaʻula maloʻo ma ka ʻahaʻaina, ʻo ka mea ke pale aku i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā maʻi cardiovascular a me nā pilikia pilikia;
- pono e inu i ke kīʻī o ke kīpē o kēlā me kēia lā, no ka mea He antioxidant maikaʻi loa.
Ma lalo mai nā huahana nui i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hōʻole, no laila, ʻaʻole e hoʻonui i nā pauna kolamu koko.
- ʻO ka ʻai momona (pipi, veal, goose a iʻa ʻiʻo paha).
- Nā meaʻai iʻaʻai me ka momona momona kiʻekiʻe.
- ʻO nā huahana Semi i hoʻopau a me ka meaʻai wikiwiki.
- Kakauolelo
Eia kekahi, hoʻonui i ka waihona kolamu ma ke kino o ka pata, pālahalaha a me ka margarine.
He pōʻino paha a pōmaikaʻi paha nā statins?
I ka loaʻaʻana o ka atherosclerosis, hōʻike kekahi mau kauka i nā statins - nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol. ʻO kā lākou hana, ʻo ka hoʻolohi i ka synthesis a me ke hoʻololi ʻana i nā lipoproteins i ke kino o ke kanaka.
ʻO nā statins kaulana loa he mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me Probucol, Atorvastatin a me Fluvastatin. Ke kuhikuhi ʻia lākou, hoʻomohala ʻia ke kauka i kahi papa ʻai no kēlā me kēia maʻi.
Wahi a nā loiloi a me nā haʻawina olakino, ʻo ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ia mau papa e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pae o ka "maikaʻi" kolamu ma ka 50-60%.
Hoʻohui ʻoe i ka atherosclerosis, ʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā statins e like me kēia.
- hana hoʻomalu a me ka maʻi myocardial;
- maʻi maʻi coronary;
- hana mua ʻia me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, ʻeha a me nā microstroke.
Ke kāohi nei i ka hana o ka kolesterol "maikaʻi", hoʻomaikaʻi kēia mau lāʻau i ka elasticity o nā pā vascular, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko a pale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā plak atherosclerotic.
ʻOiai i ka pono o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, kū lākou i kekahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia i loko nei:
- ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka minamina i ka ʻelemakule;
- hopena pili i ka hana hou;
- mahuahua o ka pilikia type o ka maʻi maʻamau a me nā cataracts;
- kuʻe o ka ate a me nā pōpilikia;
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mokuʻeha.
Pehea e mālama ai i ka kolesterol?
Inā hōʻike nā hopena o ke kikowaena hana i kahi hōʻailona a hiki i ka 6.5 mmol / l, a laila hoʻoliʻi ʻia ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā kololo ʻaʻole me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, akā, me ka meaʻai kūikawā, hoʻomaʻamaʻa, hoʻoponopono ʻia a kau hou ʻana i ka maikaʻi ʻole.
E hoʻoponopono i nā kaʻina metabolic i loko o ke kino, pono ia:
- E hahai i nā pono kūpono, e hoʻopau ai i ka ʻai o nā momona, a ʻohi, nā mea ʻono a me nā ʻili like ʻole. Aia ma luna o nā huahana i papa inoa ʻia e pono e hoʻopili i ka ʻai, a ʻoi aku ka mea e maikaʻi ke hōʻole loa.
- E hakakā i ka hana kūlohelohe. Ke neʻe nei - ola, no laila e pono ʻoe e hana ia i ke kānāwai e hele ai i ka lewa wai no ka liʻiliʻi he 40 mau minuke i ka lā. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i ka jogging, hoʻokūkū, ka ʻauʻau, Pilates, yoga, ka hula.
- Ininu i ka nui o ka wai. Pono ke kino e loaʻa ma ka liʻiliʻi he 1,5 lita wai inu ma kēlā me kēia lā i hana ka nui o nā ʻōnaehana kūloko.
- Mālama i kou kaumaha o ke kino. No ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i kou paona, pono ʻoe e pili i ka papa ʻaina i ʻelima a pāʻani i ke ʻano haʻuki. I ka momona nui, hoʻomohala ʻia kahi hana kaumaha kaumaha e ka kauka.
- Kū i ka ulaula a me ka inu wai. Hoʻonui maoli nā mea ʻelua i ka hiki o ka vascular pathologies.
No laila, ʻo ka kolamu e lawe mai i ka pōmaikaʻi a me ka pōʻino, no ka mea, ke hilinaʻi ʻia nei ka paʻa i ke koko. ʻO ka nānā ʻana i nā lula maʻamau o ka pale ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i kona ʻano ma ka maʻamau a pale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi.
Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻike ʻike e pili ana i ka cholesterol i loko o ke wikiō ma kēia ʻatikala.
